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Borealosuchus

Description

Borealosuchus (meaning "boreal crocodile") is an extinct genus of crocodylians that lived from the Late Cretaceous to the Eocene in North America. It was named by Chris Brochu in 1997 for several species that had been assigned to Leidyosuchus. The species assigned to it are:B. sternbergii, the type species, from the Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) of Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming; B. acutidentatus, from the Paleocene of Saskatchewan; B. formidabilis, from the Paleocene of North Dakota; B. griffithi, from the Paleocene of Alberta; and B. wilsoni, from the Eocene of Wyoming. B. formidabilis is particularly well-known, represented by the remains of many individuals from the Wannagan Creek site in North Dakota.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4967712https://www.gbif.org/species/4967712
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)110899https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=110899
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Borealosuchus
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Borealosuchus
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-Archosauria
-Pseudosuchia
-SuchiaKrebs 1974
-ParacrocodylomorphaParrish 1993
-Loricata
-Crocodylomorpha
suborderCrocodyliformesHay 1930
-MesoeucrocodyliaWhetstone and Whybrow 1983
-NeosuchiaClark 1988
suborderEusuchiaHuxley 1875
-Crocodylia
genusBorealosuchusBrochu 1997
Scientific NameBorealosuchus Brochu, 1997
Name Published InArticle title: A review of "Leidyosuchus" (Crocodyliformes, Eusuchia) from the Cretaceous through Eocene of North America.
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Borealosuchusgenusbelongs to Crocodyliastated with evidenceBrochu, 1997
Borealosuchusgenusbelongs to Mesoeucrocodyliastated without evidencePol and Norell, 2004
Borealosuchusgenusbelongs to Neosuchiastated without evidenceZaher et al., 2006
Borealosuchusgenusbelongs to Crocodyliastated without evidenceBurger, 2007
Borealosuchusgenusbelongs to Alligatoroideastated with evidenceMartin and Buffetaut, 2008
Borealosuchusgenusbelongs to Crocodyliastated with evidenceJouve et al., 2008
Borealosuchusgenusbelongs to Neosuchiastated without evidenceFiorelli and Calvo, 2008
Borealosuchusgenusbelongs to Eusuchiastated without evidenceMartin et al., 2010
Borealosuchusgenusbelongs to Crocodyliastated with evidencePuértolas et al., 2011
Borealosuchusgenusbelongs to Neosuchiastated with evidenceNascimento and Zaher, 2011
Borealosuchusgenusbelongs to Crocodyliastated with evidenceBrochu et al., 2012
Borealosuchusgenusbelongs to Eusuchiastated without evidenceBronzati et al., 2012
Borealosuchusgenusbelongs to Crocodyliastated with evidenceFarke et al., 2014
Borealosuchusgenusbelongs to Neosuchiastated without evidenceSertich and O'Connor, 2014
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)7
First Recorded Appearance83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Last Recorded Appearance50.3 - 46.2 Ma
Eocene
Environmentmarine (based on Mesoeucrocodylia)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietcarnivore (based on Crocodylia)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)C. A. Brochu. 1997. A review of "Leidyosuchus" (Crocodyliformes, Eusuchia) from the Cretaceous through Eocene of North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17(4):679-697
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borealosuchus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Borealosuchus acutidentatus
species
listed (PBDB)266.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
63.3 Ma
Paleocene
Borealosuchus formidabilis
species
listed (PBDB)1983.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
56.8 Ma
Paleocene
Borealosuchus griffithi
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
166.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
66.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Borealosuchus sternbergii
species
listed (PBDB)7472.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
66.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Borealosuchus threeensis
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
170.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Borealosuchus wilsoni
species
listed (PBDB)255.8 Ma
Eocene
50.3 Ma
Eocene
Leidyosuchus acutidentatus
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Leidyosuchus formidabilis
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Leidyosuchus sternbergii
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Leidyosuchus wilsoni
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Leidyosuchus riggsi Schmidt, 1938GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Leidyosuchus riggsi

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1938Leidyosuchus riggsi Schmidt p. 318
1986Leidyosuchus riggsi Lucas and Sullivan p. 36
1997Borealosuchus Brochu
2000Borealosuchus Brochu p. 181
2001Borealosuchus Wu et al. p. 1691
2004Borealosuchus Pol and Norell
2006Borealosuchus Zaher et al.
2007Borealosuchus Burger p. 144
2007Borealosuchus Osi et al.
2008Borealosuchus Fiorelli and Calvo
YearName and Author
2008Borealosuchus Jouve et al.
2008Borealosuchus Martin and Buffetaut
2010Borealosuchus Martin et al.
2011Borealosuchus Nascimento and Zaher
2011Borealosuchus Puértolas et al.
2012Borealosuchus Brochu et al.
2012Borealosuchus Bronzati et al.
2014Borealosuchus Farke et al.
2014Borealosuchus Sertich and O'Connor

References

Brochu C. A. (1997) A review of "Leidyosuchus" (Crocodyliformes, Eusuchia) from the Cretaceous through Eocene of North America, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17 4, 679-697
Schmidt K. P. (1938) New crocodilians from the upper Paleocene of western Colorado, Geological Series of Field Museum of Natural History 6 21, 315-321
Lucas S. G., Sullivan R. M. (1986) Leidyosuchus (Reptilia, Crocodilia) from the Paleocene Nacimiento Formation, San Juan Basin, New Mexico, New Mexico Journal of Science 26 2, 31-38
Brochu C. A. (2000) Borealosuchus (Crocodylia) from the Paleocene of Big Bend National Park, Texas, Journal of Paleontology 74 1, 181-187
Wu X.-C., Brinkman D. B., et al (2001) A new crocodylian (Archosauria) from the basal Paleocene of the Red Deer River Valley, southern Alberta, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 38 12, 1689-1704
Pol D., Norell M. A. (2004) A New Crocodyliform from Zos Canyon, Mongolia, American Museum Novitates 3445, 1-36
Zaher H., Pol D., et al (2006) Redescription of the Cranial Morphology of Mariliasuchus amarali, and Its Phylogenetic Affinities (Crocodyliformes, Notosuchia), American Museum Novitates 3512, 1-40
Burger B. J. (2007) A New Late Paleocene Vertebrate Fauna from the Ohio Creek Formation of Western Colorado, Mountain Geologist 44 3, 141-150
Osi A., Clark J. M., et al (2007) First report on a new basal eusuchian crocodyliform with multicusped teeth from the Upper Cretaceous (Santonian) of Hungary, Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 243 2, 169-177
Fiorelli L., Calvo J. O. (2008) New remains of Notosuchus terrestris Woodward, 1896 (Crocodyliformes: Mesoeucrocodylia) from Late Cretaceous of Neuquen, Patagonia, Argentina, Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 66 1, 83-124
Jouve S., Bardet N., et al (2008) The oldest African crocodylomorph: phylogeny, paleobiogeography, and differential survivorship of marine reptiles through the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28 2, 409-421
Martin J. E., Buffetaut E. (2008) Crocodilus affuvelensis Matheron, 1869 from the Late Cretaceous of southern France: a reassessment, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 152, 567-580
Martin J. E., Rabi M., et al (2010) Survival of Theriosuchus (Mesoeucrocodylia: Atoposauridae) in a Late Cretaceous archipelago: a new species from the Maastrichtian of Romania, Naturwissenschaften 97, 845-854 doi:10.1007/s00114-010-0702-y
Nascimento P. M., Zaher H. (2011) The skull of the Upper Cretaceous baurusuchid crocodile Baurusuchus alberoi Nascimento & Zaher 2010, and its phylogenetic affinities, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163, S116-S131
Puértolas E., Canudo J. I., et al (2011) A new crocodylian from the late Maastrichtian of Spain: Implications for the initial radiation of crocodyloids, PLoS One 6 6, e20011:1-12 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0020011
Brochu C. A., Parris D. C., et al (2012) A new species of Borealosuchus (Crocodyliformes, Eusuchia) from the Late Cretaceous–early Paleogene of New Jersey, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32 1, 105-116 doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.633585
Bronzati M., Montefeltro F. C., et al (2012) A species-level supertree of Crocodyliformes, Historical Biology 24 6, 598-606
Farke A. A., Henn M. M., et al (2014) Leidyosuchus (Crocodylia: Alligatoroidea) from the Upper Cretaceous Kaiporowits Formation (Late Campanian) of Utah, USA, PaleoBios 30 3, 72-88
Sertich J. J. W., O'Connor P. M. (2014) A new crocodyliform from the middle Cretaceous Galula Formation, southwestern Tanzania, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 3, 576-596
Article title: A review of "Leidyosuchus" (Crocodyliformes, Eusuchia) from the Cretaceous through Eocene of North America. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
inferred from original work (title) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
refer original publication - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
web search (AJR) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
www.organismnames.com (Jul 2012) / web search - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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