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Daspletosaurus torosus ✝

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Description

Daspletosaurus (das-PLEET-o-SAWR-əs; meaning "frightful lizard") is a genus of tyrannosaurid dinosaur that lived in western North America between about 77 and 74 million years ago, during the Late Cretaceous Period. The genus Daspletosaurus contains two species. Fossils of the earlier type species, D. torosus, have been found in Alberta, while fossils of the later second species, D. horneri, have been found only in Montana. A possible third species, also from Alberta, awaits formal identification. Daspletosaurus is closely related to the much larger and more recent tyrannosaurid Tyrannosaurus rex. Like most tyrannosaurids, Daspletosaurus was a multi-tonne bipedal predator equipped with dozens of large, sharp teeth. Daspletosaurus had the small forelimbs typical of tyrannosaurids, although they were proportionately longer than in other genera.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daspletosaurus_torosus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4966238	https://www.gbif.org/species/4966238
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	57258	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=57258

Rank

species

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Tyrannosauridae : Daspletosaurus : Daspletosaurus torosus

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda : Tyrannosauridae : Daspletosaurus : Daspletosaurus torosus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Saurischia
-	Theropoda
-	Neotheropoda	Bakker 1986
-	Averostra	Paul 2002
-	Tetanurae	Gauthier 1986
order	Avetheropoda	Paul 1988
suborder	Coelurosauria	Huene 1914
superfamily	Tyrannosauroidea	Walker 1964
family	Tyrannosauridae	Osborn 1906
subfamily	Tyrannosaurinae	Matthew and Brown 1922
genus	Daspletosaurus	Russell 1970
species	Daspletosaurus torosus	Russell 1970

Generic Name

Daspletosaurus

Scientific Name

Daspletosaurus torosus (Russell, 1970)

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Daspletosaurus torosus	species	belongs to Daspletosaurus	stated without evidence	Russell, 1970
Daspletosaurus torosus	species	belongs to Tyrannosaurus	stated without evidence	Paul, 1988
Daspletosaurus torosus	species	belongs to Daspletosaurus	stated without evidence	Mader and Bradley, 1989
Daspletosaurus torosus	species	belongs to Daspletosaurus	stated with evidence	Molnar et al., 1990
Daspletosaurus torosus	species	belongs to Daspletosaurus	stated without evidence	Molnar, 1991
Daspletosaurus torosus	species	subjective synonym of Gorgosaurus libratus	stated without evidence	Carr, 1995
Daspletosaurus torosus	species	belongs to Daspletosaurus	stated without evidence	Eberth, 1997
Daspletosaurus torosus	species	belongs to Daspletosaurus	stated with evidence	Holtz, 2004
Daspletosaurus torosus	species	belongs to Daspletosaurus	stated without evidence	Currie, 2005
Daspletosaurus torosus	species	belongs to Daspletosaurus	stated with evidence	Peecook and Sidor, 2015

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous

Last Recorded Appearance

83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous

Environment

terrestrial (based on Theropoda)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Theropoda)

Diet

carnivore (based on Coelurosauria)

Reproduction

oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)

Ontogeny

accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

D. A. Russell. 1970. Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada. National Museum of Natural Sciences, Publications in Paleontology 1:1-34

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daspletosaurus_torosus

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Tyrannosaurus torosus (Russell, 1970)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Tyrannosauridae : Daspletosaurus : *Tyrannosaurus torosus*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1970	Daspletosaurus torosus Russell pp. 13-14 figs. 6-9
1974	Daspletosaurus torosus Molnar p. 1011
1976	Daspletosaurus torosus Kurzanov
1976	Daspletosaurus torosus Lawson p. 160 fig. 3
1977	Daspletosaurus torosus Perle p. 111
1979	Daspletosaurus torosus Baird and Horner p. 9
1980	Daspletosaurus torosus Lisak p. 52
1980	Daspletosaurus torosus Molnar p. 103
1986	Daspletosaurus torosus Gauthier p. 9
1987	Daspletosaurus torosus Currie p. 52
1988	Tyrannosaurus torosus Paul p. 339
1989	Daspletosaurus torrosus Mader and Bradley p. 44
1990	Daspletosaurus torosus Molnar et al. p. 190
1991	Daspletosaurus torosus Molnar p. 165
1992	Daspletosaurus torosus Carpenter pp. 260-1
1992	Daspletosaurus torosus Currie p. 246
1997	Daspletosaurus torosus Eberth p. 201

Year	Name and Author
1999	Daspletosaurus torosus Carr pp. 498-499
2000	Daspletosaurus torosus Currie p. 448
2001	Daspletosaurus torosus Eberth et al. p. 56
2001	Daspletosaurus torosus Holtz, Jr. p. 70 fig. 7.2
2003	Daspletosaurus torosus Currie p. 654
2003	Daspletosaurus torosus Currie et al. p. 231
2003	Daspletosaurus torosus Rauhut p. 43
2004	Daspletosaurus torosus Holtz, Jr. p. 112
2005	Daspletosaurus torosus Currie p. 4
2005	Daspletosaurus torosus Currie et al. p. 319
2006	Daspletosaurus torosus Malkani p. 8
2006	Daspletosaurus torosus Urban and Lamanna p. 234
2008	Daspletosaurus torosus Cooper et al.
2011	Daspletosaurus torosus Hone et al. p. 502
2013	Daspletosaurus torosus Dalman p. 242
2015	Daspletosaurus torosus Peecook and Sidor p. 9
2017	Daspletosaurus torosus Carr et al. p. 6

References

Russell D. A. (1970) Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada, National Museum of Natural Sciences, Publications in Paleontology 1, 1-34

Molnar R. E. (1974) A distinctive theropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Baja California (Mexico), Journal of Paleontology 48 5, 1009-1017

Kurzanov S. M. (1976) Noviy pozdnemelovoy karnozavr is Nogon-Tsava, Mongoliya [A new late Mesozoic carnosaur from Nogon-Tsav, Mongolia], Paleontology and Biostratigraphy of Mongolia. The Joint Soviet-Mongolian Paleontological Expedition, Transactions 3, 93-104

Lawson D. A. (1976) Tyrannosaurus and Torosaurus, Maestrichtian dinosaurs from Trans-Pecos, Texas, Journal of Paleontology 50 1, 158-164

Perle A. (1977) O pervoy nakhodke Alektrozavra (Tyrannosauridae, Theropoda) iz pozdnego Mela Mongolii [On the first discovery of Alectrosaurus (Tyrannosauridae, Theropoda) in the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia], Shinzhlekh Ukhaany Akademi Geologiin Khureelen 3 3, 104-113

Baird D., Horner J. R. (1979) Cretaceous dinosaurs of North Carolina, Brimleyana 2, 1-28

Lisak F. J. (1980) Allosaurus fragilis from the Late Jurassic of Southeastern Utah, Unpublished M.S. Thesis, Department of Zoology, 1-97

Molnar R. E. (1980) An albertosaur from the Hell Creek Formation of Montana, Journal of Paleontology 54 1, 102-108

Gauthier J. A. (1986) Saurischian monophyly and the origin of birds, The Origin of Birds and the Evolution of Flight, K. Padian (ed.), Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences 8, 1-55

Paul G. S. (1988) , Predatory Dinosaurs of the World. Simon & Schuster, New York, 1-464

Mader B. J., Bradley R. L. (1989) A redescription and revised diagnosis of the syntypes of the Mongolian tyrannosaur Alectrosaurus olseni, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 9 1, 41-55

Molnar R. E. (1991) The cranial morphology of Tyrannosaurus rex, Palaeontographica Abteilung A 217 4-6, 137-176

Carpenter K. (1992) Tyrannosaurids (Dinosauria) of Asia and North America, Aspects of Nonmarine Cretaceous Geology, N. J. Mateer and P. J. Chen (eds.), China Ocean Press, Beijing, 250-268

Currie P. J. (2000) Theropods from the Cretaceous of Mongolia, The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia, 434-455

Eberth D. A., Currie P. J., et al (2001) Alberta's dinosaurs and other fossil vertebrates: Judith River and Edmonton groups (Campanian-Maastrichtian), In C. L. Hill (ed), Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, 61st Annual Meeting, Bozeman. Guidebook for the Field Trips: Mesozoic and Cenozoic Paleontology in the Western Plains and Rocky Mountains, Museum of the Rockies Occasional Paper 3, 49-75

Currie P. J., Hurum J. H., et al (2003) Skull structure and evolution in tyrannosaurid dinosaurs, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 48 2, 227-234

Rauhut O. W. M. (2003) The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs, Special Papers in Palaeontology 69, 1-213

Holtz, Jr. T. R. (2004) Tyrannosauroidea, The Dinosauria (second edition). University of California Press, Berkeley, 111-136

Currie P. J. (2005) History of research, Dinosaur Provincial Park: A Spectacular Ancient Ecosystem Revealed. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 3-33

Currie P. J., Trexler D., et al (2005) An unusual multi-individual bonebed in the Two Medicine Formation (Late Cretaceous, Campanian) of Montana (USA), The Carnivorous Dinosaurs. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 313-324

Malkani M. S. (2006) First rostrum of carnivorous Vitakridrinda (Abelisaurid Theropod Dinosaur) found from the latest Cretaceous Dinosaur Beds (Vitakri) Member of PAB formation, Alam Kali Kakor Locality of Vitakri area, Barkhan District, Balochistan, Pakistan, Sindh University Research Journal (Science Series) 38 2, 7-26

Urban M. A., Lamanna M. C. (2006) Evidence of a giant tyrannosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous (?Campanian) of Montana, Annals of Carnegie Museum 75 4, 231-235

Hone D. W. E., Wang K., et al (2011) A new, large tyrannosaurine theropod from the Upper Cretaceous of China, Cretaceous Research 32, 495-503 doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2011.03.005

Dalman S. G. (2013) New examples of Tyrannosaurus rex from the Lance Formation of Wyoming, United States, Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 54 2, 241-254 doi:10.3374/014.054.0202

Peecook B. R., Sidor C. A. (2015) The first dinosaur from Washington State and a review of Pacific Coast dinosaurs from North America, PLoS ONE 10 5, e0127792:1-15 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127792

Carr T. D., Varricchio D. J., et al (2017) A new tyrannosaur with evidence for anagenesis and crocodile-like facial sensory system, Scientific Reports 7, 44942:1-11 doi:10.1038/srep44942

D. A. Russell (1970) Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada: National Museum of Natural Sciences, Publications in Paleontology: 1--34 - via Catalogue of Life

B. R. Peecook, C. A. Sidor (2015) The first dinosaur from Washington State and a review of Pacific Coast dinosaurs from North America: PLoS ONE 5: e0127792:1--15 (10.1371/journal.pone.0127792) - via Catalogue of Life

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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