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Thylacoleo

Description

Thylacoleo ("pouch lion") is an extinct genus of carnivorous marsupials that lived in Australia from the late Pliocene to the late Pleistocene (2 million to 46 thousand years ago). Some of these "marsupial lions" were the largest mammalian predators in Australia of that time, with Thylacoleo carnifex approaching the weight of a small lion. The estimated average weight for the species ranges from 101 to 130 kg (223 to 287 lb).


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4826095https://www.gbif.org/species/4826095
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)40139https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=40139
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Diprotodontia : Thylacoleonidae : Thylacoleo
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
-Theriamorpha
-Theriiformes
-TrechnotheriaMcKenna 1975
-CladotheriaMcKenna 1975
-Boreosphenida
subclassTheriaParker and Haswell 1897
subclassMetatheria
-Marsupialia
-AustralidelphiaSzalay 1982
orderDiprotodontiaOwen 1866
familyThylacoleonidaeGill 1872
genusThylacoleoOwen 1852
Scientific NameThylacoleo Owen, 1852
Name Published Inin Gervais, Zool. Paléont. Franç., 1
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Thylacoleogenusbelongs to Phalangeridaestated without evidenceLydekker, 1894
Thylacoleogenusbelongs to Thylacoleonidaestated with evidencePocock, 1921
Thylacoleogenusbelongs to Thylacoleonidaestated without evidenceMarshall, 1974
Thylacoleogenusbelongs to ThylacoleonidaeimpliedMcKenna and Bell, 1997
Thylacoleogenusbelongs to Thylacoleonidaestated without evidenceDawson et al., 1999
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)3
First Recorded Appearance23.0 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Last Recorded Appearance0.13 Ma
Pleistocene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Mammalia)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietomnivore (based on Marsupialia)
Reproductionviviparous (based on Theria)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)M. C. McKenna and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thylacoleo

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Thylacoleo carnifex
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2523.0 Ma
Miocene
0.13 Ma
Pleistocene
Thylacoleo crassidentatus
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
25.33 Ma
Miocene
2.59 Ma
Pleistocene

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Thylacoleon Winge, 1893GBIFgenusAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Diprotodontia : Thylacoleonidae : Thylacoleon

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1852Thylacoleo Owen
1894Thylacoleo Lydekker p. 259
1921Thylacoleo Pocock p. 606
1974Thylacoleo Marshall p. 66
1997Thylacoleo McKenna and Bell
1999Thylacoleo Dawson et al. p. 274

References

McKenna M. C., Bell S. K. (1997) , Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level, 1-640
Lydekker R. , A Hand-Book to the Marsupialia and Monotremata, 1-302
Pocock R. I. (1921) The External Characters of the Koala (Phascolarctos) and some related Marsupials, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 91 3, 591-607 doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1921.tb03283.x
Marshall L. G. (1974) Late Pleistocene mammals from the "Keilor cranium site," southern Victoria, Australia, Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria 35, 63-86
Dawson L., Muirhead J., et al (1999) The Big Sink local fauna; a lower Pliocene mammalian fauna from the Wellington Caves complex, Wellington, New South Wales, Records of the Western Australian Museum 57, 265-290
Nomenclator Zoologicus (authority adjusted) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
in Gervais, Zool. Paléont. Franç., 1 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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