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Dysalotosaurus

Description

Dysalotosaurus ("uncatchable lizard") is a genus of herbivorous iguanodontian dinosaur. It was a dryosaurid iguanodontian, and its fossils have been found in late Kimmeridgian-age rocks (Late Jurassic) of the Tendaguru Formation, Tanzania. The type and only species of the genus is D. lettowvorbecki. This species was named by Hans Virchow in 1919 in honor of the Imperial German Army Officer, Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck. For much of the 20th century the species was referred to the related and approximately contemporary genus Dryosaurus, but newer studies reject this synonymy.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4818129https://www.gbif.org/species/4818129
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)56513https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=56513
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Dryosauridae : Dysalotosaurus
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Dryosauridae : Dysalotosaurus
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-Archosauria
informalAvemetatarsaliaBenton 1999
-OrnithodiraGauthier 1986
-DinosauromorphaBenton 1985
-DinosauriformesNovas 1992
-Dinosauria
-Ornithischia
-Neornithischia
-Ornithopoda
-Iguanodontia
-DryomorphaSereno 1986
familyDryosauridaeStefano 1903
genusDysalotosaurusPompeckj 1920
Scientific NameDysalotosaurus Pompeckj, 1920
Name Published InS. B. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin, 1920
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to Ornithopodastated without evidenceVirchow, 1919
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to Camptosaurinaestated with evidenceNopcsa, 1928
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to Camptosaurinaestated without evidenceHuene, 1934
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to Hypsilophodontidaestated with evidenceSwinton, 1936
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to Hypsilophodontinaestated without evidenceSternberg, 1940
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to Camptosaurinaestated without evidenceJanensch, 1950
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to HypsilophodontidaeimpliedRomer, 1956
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to Hypsilophodontidaestated without evidenceKuhn, 1964
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to Iguanodontidaestated with evidenceTatarinov, 1964
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to IguanodontidaeimpliedRomer, 1966
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to Hypsilophodontidaestated without evidenceSwinton, 1970
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to Iguanodontidaestated without evidenceThulborn, 1971
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to Hypsilophodontidaestated without evidenceGalton, 1972
Dysalotosaurusgenussubjective synonym of Dryosaurusstated without evidenceGalton, 1977
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to Hypsilophodontidaestated without evidenceColbert, 1981
Dysalotosaurusgenussubjective synonym of Dryosaurusstated with evidenceGalton, 1981
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to Hypsilophodontidaestated without evidenceTaquet, 1984
Dysalotosaurusgenussubjective synonym of Dryosaurusstated without evidenceMilner and Norman, 1984
Dysalotosaurusgenussubjective synonym of Dryosaurusstated with evidenceSues and Norman, 1990
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to Dryosauridaestated with evidenceMcDonald et al., 2010
Dysalotosaurusgenussubjective synonym of Dryosaurusstated without evidenceRuiz-Omeñaca et al., 2010
Dysalotosaurusgenusbelongs to Dryosauridaestated with evidenceMadzia et al., 2018
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)2
First Recorded Appearance156 - 151 Ma
Jurassic
Last Recorded Appearance156 - 151 Ma
Jurassic
Environmentterrestrial (based on Ornithischia)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Ornithischia)
Dietherbivore (based on Ornithopoda)
Reproductionoviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Ornithischia)
Ontogenyaccretion,modification of parts (based on Ornithischia)
Taphonomyhydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Ornithischia)
Primary Reference (PBDB)H. Virchow. 1919. Atlas und Epistropheus bei den Schildkröten [Atlas and axis in the turtles]. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1919(8):303-332
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysalotosaurus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Dysalotosaurus lettowvorbecki
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1156 Ma
Jurassic
156 Ma
Jurassic

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1919Dysalotosaurus Virchow p. 329
1928Dysalotosaurus Nopcsa p. 184
1934Dysalotosaurus Huene p. 17
1936Dysalotosaurus Swinton p. 574
1940Dysalotosaurus Sternberg p. 493
1950Dysalotosaurus Janensch p. 287
1955Dysalotosaurus Janensch p. 172
1956Dysalotosaurus Romer p. 628
1964Dysalotosaurus Kuhn p. 5
1964Dysalotosaurus Tatarinov p. 557
1966Dysalotosaurus Romer p. 370
1970Dysalotosaurus Swinton p. 200
YearName and Author
1971Dysalotosaurus Thulborn p. 77
1972Dysalotosaurus Galton p. 465
1973Dysalotosaurus Galton p. 17
1973Dysalotosaurus Galton and Jensen p. 131
1974Dysalotosaurus Galton p. 150
1974Dysalotosaurus Thulborn p. 171
1975Dysalotosaurus Thulborn p. 129
1981Dysalotosaurus Colbert p. 50
1984Dysalotosaurus Taquet p. 78
2010Dysalotosaurus McDonald et al. p. 33 fig. 39
2018Dysalotosaurus Madzia et al. p. 973 fig. 4

References

Virchow H. (1919) Atlas und Epistropheus bei den Schildkröten [Atlas and axis in the turtles], Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1919 8, 303-332
Nopcsa B. F. (1928) The genera of reptiles, Palaeobiologica 1, 163-188
Sternberg C. M. (1940) Thescelosaurus edmontonensis, n. sp., and classification of the Hypsilophodontidae, Journal of Paleontology 14 5, 481-494
Romer A. S. (1956) , Osteology of the Reptiles, University of Chicago Press, 1-772
Tatarinov L. P. (1964) Nadotryad Dinosauria. Dinozavry [Superorder Dinosauria. Dinosaurs], Osnovy Paleontologii [Fundamentals of Paleontology] 12, 523-589
Romer A. S. (1966) , Vertebrate Paleontology, 3rd edition, 1-468
Swinton W. E. (1970) , The Dinosaurs, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1-331
Galton P. M. (1972) Classification and evolution of ornithopod dinosaurs, Nature 239, 464-466
Galton P. M., Jensen J. A. (1973) Small bones of the hypsilophodontid dinosaur Dryosaurus altus from the Upepr Jurassic of Colorado, The Great Basin Naturalist 33 2, 129-132
Galton P. M. (1974) The ornithischian dinosaur Hypsilophodon from the Wealden of the Isle of Wight, Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History 25, 1-152
Thulborn R. A. (1974) A new heterodontosaurid dinosaur (Reptilia: Ornithischia) from the Upper Triassic red beds of Lesotho, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 55, 151-175
Thulborn R. A. (1975) Teeth of ornithischian dinosaurs from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal, with description of a hypsilophodontid (Phyllodon henkeli gen. et sp. nov.) from the Guimarota lignite, Contribuição para o conhecimento da Fauna do Kimerridgiano da Mina de Lignito Guimarota (Leiria, Portugal). Serviços Geológicos de Portugal, Memória (Nova Série) 22, 89-134
Colbert E. H. (1981) A primitive ornithischian dinosaur from the Kayenta Formation of Arizona, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 53, 1-61
McDonald A. T., Kirkland J. I., et al (2010) New basal iguanodonts from the Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah and the evolution of thumb-spiked dinosaurs, PLoS One 5 11, e14075:1-35 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0014075
Madzia D., Boyd C. A., et al (2018) A basal ornithopod dinosaur from the Cenomanian of the Czech Republic, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 16 11, 967-979 doi:10.1080/14772019.2017.1371258
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
original publication/web search (AJR). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
S. B. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin, 1920 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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