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BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Avicularium

Description

The avicularium (pl. avicularia) in cheilostome bryozoans is a modified, non-feeding zooid. The operculum, which normally closes the orifice when the zooids tentacles are retracted, has been modified to become a mandible. Strong muscles operate it. The polypide is greatly reduced, and the individual receives nourishment from neighboring zooids. The shape of the avicularian zooid can be identical to the feeding autozooid, but is usually elongated in the direction of the mandible.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4591699https://www.gbif.org/species/4591699
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)17383https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=17383
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Avicularium
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-Bilateria
-EubilateriaAx 1987
-ProtostomiaGrobben 1908
-Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMolluscaLinnaeus 1758
classBivalviaLinnaeus 1758
-EubivalviaCarter 2011
subclassAutobranchia
infraclassHeteroconchia
-CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
-CardioniFerussac 1822
-CardiidiaFerussac 1822
-CardiataFerussac 1822
superorderCardiiformiiFerussac 1822
orderCardiidaFerussac 1822
suborderCardiidinaFerussac 1822
-CardioideiFerussac 1822
superfamilyCardioidea
familyCardiidaeLamarck 1809
-NeocardiidsCarter et al. 2011
-EucardiidsSchneider 1995
subfamilyTridacninae
genusAviculariumGray 1853
Scientific NameAvicularium Gray, 1853
Name Published InGray, J.E. (1853). A revision of the genera of some of the families of Conchifera or bivalve shells. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. ser. 2, 11: 33-44, 398-402.
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Aviculariumgenusbelongs to Veneroidasecond handSepkoski, 2002
Aviculariumgenusbelongs to Tridacninaestated with evidenceHarzhauser et al., 2008
Aviculariumgenusbelongs to Aviculariidaestated without evidenceBouchet et al., 2010
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)2
First Recorded Appearance37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Last Recorded Appearance37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Environmentmarine (based on Tridacninae)
Motilitystationary, attached (based on Tridacninae)
Visionblind (based on Bivalvia)
Dietphotosymbiotic, suspension feeder (based on Tridacninae)
Taphonomyaragonite (based on Tridacninae)
Primary Reference (PBDB)J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicularium

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Avicularium lithocardium
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Avicularium trechmanni
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
237.2 Ma
Eocene
37.2 Ma
Eocene

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
2002Avicularium Sepkoski, Jr.
2008Avicularium Harzhauser et al. p. 205
2010Avicularium Bouchet et al.

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560
Harzhauser M., Mandic O., et al (2008) Tracing back the origin of the Indo-Pacific mollusc fauna: Basal Tridacninae from the Oligocene and Miocene of the Sultanate of Oman, Palaeontology 51 1, 199-213
Bouchet P., Rocroi J.-P., et al (2010) Nomenclator of Bivalve Families with a Classification of Bivalve Families, Malacologia 52 2, 1-184 doi:10.4002/040.052.0201
Museum Victoria KEmu database (Oct 2006) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (2) 11 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Gray, J.E. (1853). A revision of the genera of some of the families of Conchifera or bivalve shells. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. ser. 2, 11: 33-44, 398-402. - via World Register of Marine Species
Harzhauser, M.; Mandic, O.; Piller, W. E.; Reuter, M.; Kroh, A. (2008). Tracing back the origin of the Indo-Pacific mollusc fauna: Basal Tridacninae from the Oligocene And Miocene of the Sultanate of Oman. Palaeontology. 51(1): 199-213. - via World Register of Marine Species
Dall, W.H. (1890-1903). Contributions to the Tertiary fauna of Florida with especial reference to the Miocene silex-beds of Tampa and the Pliocene beds of the Caloosahatchie River. Transactions of the Wagner Free Institute of Science. 3(1): 1-200 [1890]; 3(2): 201-474 [1892]; 3(3): 475-570, and plates for part 1: pp. 179-190, pl. 1-12; plates for part 2: pp. 449-458, pl. 13-22 [1895]; 3(4): [i]-viii, 571-948, pl. 23-35; [1898]; 3(5): 949-1218, pl. 36-47 [1900]; 3(6): [i]-xiv, 1219-1564, pl. 48-60 [1903]. - via World Register of Marine Species
Pacaud J.M. & Le Renard J. (1995). Révision des Mollusques paléogènes du Bassin de Paris. IV- Liste systématique actualisée. Cossmanniana. 3(4): 151-187. - via World Register of Marine Species
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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