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Lipotidae

Description

Lipotidae is a family of river dolphins containing the functionally extinct baiji and the fossil genus Parapontoporia. The genus Prolipotes, which is based on a mandible fragment from Neogene coastal deposits in Guangxi, China, has been classified as an extinct relative of the baiji, but is dubious.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)3240260https://www.gbif.org/species/3240260
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)53267https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=53267
Rankfamily
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Lipotidae
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
orderCetaceaBrisson 1762
-PelagicetiUhen 2008
-NeocetiFordyce and de Muizon 2001
suborderOdontocetiFlower 1867
infraorderDelphinidaMuizon 1984
familyLipotidaeZhou et al. 1978
Scientific NameLipotidae
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Platanistoideastated without evidenceZhou et al., 1984
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Lipotoideastated without evidencede Muizon, 1988
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Odontocetistated without evidenceBenton, 1993
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to DelphinoideaimpliedMcKenna and Bell, 1997
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Odontocetistated without evidenceRice, 1998
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Lipotoideastated without evidenceFordyce and de Muizon, 2001
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Odontocetistated without evidenceRice, 2002
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Platanistoideastated without evidenceGeisler and Sanders, 2003
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Lipotoideastated without evidenceGingerich, 2005
Lipotidaefamilysubjective synonym of Iniidaestated without evidenceMead and Brownell, 2005
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Inioideastated without evidenceBianucci and Landini, 2007
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Delphinidastated without evidenceUhen et al., 2008
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Lipotoideastated without evidenceRice, 2009
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Delphinidastated without evidenceGeisler et al., 2011
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Lipotoideastated without evidenceBoessenecker, 2013
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Delphinidastated without evidenceBoessenecker and Poust, 2015
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Delphinidastated with evidenceMarx et al., 2016
Lipotidaefamilybelongs to Delphinidastated without evidenceBerta, 2017
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)7
Extant Size (PBDB)3 (43%)
First Recorded Appearance11.6 - 7.2 Ma
Miocene
Environmentmarine,freshwater (based on Odontoceti)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Cetacea)
Dietcarnivore (based on Odontoceti)
Reproductionviviparous (based on Odontoceti)
Ontogenymodification of parts (based on Cetacea)
Taphonomyhydroxylapatite (based on Odontoceti)
Primary Reference (PBDB)K. Zhou, W. Qian, and Y. Li. 1978. Recent advances in the study of the baiji, Lipotes vexillifer. Journal of the Nanjing Normal College (Natural Science) 1978(1):8-13
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipotidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Lipotes
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
20.01 Ma
Pleistocene
0 Ma
Extant
Parapontoporia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
711.6 Ma
Miocene
3.60 Ma
Pliocene

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1978Lipotidae Zhou et al.
1984Lipotidae Zhou et al. p. 173
1985Lipotidae Barnes et al. p. 25
1985Lipotidae Zhou et al. p. 170
1988Lipotidae de Muizon p. 164
1993Lipotidae Benton p. 762
1997Lipotidae McKenna and Bell p. 387
1998Lipotidae Rice
2001Lipotidae Fordyce and de Muizon p. 178
2002Lipotidae Rice p. 231 figs. Table 1
YearName and Author
2003Lipotidae Geisler and Sanders p. 28
2005Lipotidae Gingerich p. 237 figs. Table 15.1
2007Lipotidae Bianucci and Landini p. 46 figs. Table 2.1
2008Lipotidae Uhen et al. p. 585
2009Lipotidae Rice p. 235 figs. Table 1
2011Lipotidae Geisler et al. p. 29 figs. Figure 5
2013Lipotidae Boessenecker p. 872
2015Lipotidae Boessenecker and Poust
2016Lipotidae Marx et al. p. 131
2017Lipotidae Berta p. 163

References

Zhou K., Zhou M., et al (1984) First discovery of a Tertiary platanistoid fossil from Asia, Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute 35, 173-181
de Muizon C. (1988) Les relations phylogenetiques des Delphinida (Cetacea, Mammalia), Annales de Paleontologie 74 4, 159-227
Benton M. J. (1993) , The Fossil Record 2, 1-845
McKenna M. C., Bell S. K. (1997) , Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level, 1-640
Rice D. W. (1998) Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution, The Society for Marine Mammalogy Special Publication 4, 1-231
Fordyce R. E., de Muizon C. (2001) Evolutionary history of the cetaceans: a review, Secondary Adaptations of Tetrapods to Life in the Water, 169-233
Uhen M. D., Fordyce R. E., et al (2008) Odontoceti, Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America II, 566-606
Geisler J. H., McGowen M. R., et al (2011) A supermatrix analysis of genomic, morphological, and paleontological data from crown Cetacea, BMC Evolutionary Biology 11 112, 1-33
Boessenecker R. W. (2013) A new marine vertebrate assemblage from the Late Neogene Purisima Formation in Central California, part II: Pinnipeds and Cetaceans, Geodiversitas 35 4, 815-939 doi:10.5252/g2013n4a5
Boessenecker R. W., Poust A. W. (2015) Freshwater occurrence of the extinct dolphin Parapontoporia (Cetacea: Lipotidae) from the Upper Pliocene nonmarine Tulare Formation of California doi:10.1111/pala.12153
Marx F. G., Lambert O., et al (2016) Cetacean Paleobiology, 1-319
Berta A. (2017) , The Rise of Marine Mammals: 50 Million Years of Evolution, 1-198
Mead, James G., and Robert L. Brownell, Jr. / Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: Order Cetacea. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vol. 1. 723-743. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Rice, Dale W., 1998: Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution. Special Publications of the Society for Marine Mammals, no. 4. ix + 231. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
van der Land, J. (ed). (2008). UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms (URMO). - via World Register of Marine Species
Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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