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Simocyon

Description

Simocyon (“short-snouted dog”) is a genus of extinct carnivoran mammal in the family Ailuridae. Simocyon, which was about the size of a mountain lion, lived in the late Miocene and early Pliocene epochs, and has been found in Europe, Asia, and, rarely, North America (Peigné et al., 2005) and Africa.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)3240042https://www.gbif.org/species/3240042
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)41264https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=41264
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Procyonidae : Simocyon
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Ailuridae : Simocyon
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
subclassTribosphenida
infraclassEutheria
-PlacentaliaOwen 1837
-LaurasiatheriaWaddell et al. 1999
-ScrotiferaWaddell et al. 1999
-FeraeLinnaeus 1758
-CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
-CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivoraBowditch 1821
superfamilyArctoideaFlower 1869
-MustelidaTedford 1976
familyAiluridae
genusSimocyonWagner 1858
Scientific NameSimocyon Wagner, 1858
Name Published InGesch. Urwelt, ed. 2 (2)
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Simocyongenusbelongs to Procyonidaestated without evidenceWagner, 1858
Simocyongenusbelongs to Arctomorphastated with evidenceWolson, 1993
Simocyongenusbelongs to Simocyoninaestated with evidenceBaskin, 1998
Simocyongenusbelongs to Ailuridaestated with evidenceSalesa et al., 2006
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)3
First Recorded Appearance11.6 - 9.7 Ma
Miocene
Last Recorded Appearance8.70 - 4.90 Ma
Neogene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Eutheria)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietcarnivore, omnivore (based on Carnivora)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals.
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simocyon

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Cephalogale batalleri
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Simocyon batalleri
species
listed (PBDB)19.70 Ma
Miocene
9.70 Ma
Miocene
Simocyon primigenius
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
411.6 Ma
Miocene
8.70 Ma
Miocene

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Pseudocyon Wagner, 1857GBIFgenusAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Procyonidae : Pseudocyon

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1858Simocyon Wagner
1921Pliocyon Thorpe p. 477 figs. 1 - 3
1922Araeocyon Thorpe
1993Simocyon Wolson p. 362
1998Simocyon Baskin p. 149
2005Simocyon Peigné et al. p. 220
2006Simocyon Salesa et al. p. 381

References

Alroy J. (2002) Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals
Thorpe M. R. (1921) Two new fossil Carnivora, American Journal of Science 1 6, 477-483 doi:10.2475/ajs.s5-1.6.477
Wolson M. (1993) Phylogeny and classification of early European Mustelida (Mammalia: Carnivora), Acta Theriologica 38 4, 345-384
Baskin J. A. (1998) Procyonidae, Evolution of Tertiary mammals of North America, 144-151
Peigné S., Salesa M. J., et al (2005) Ailurid carnivoran mammal Simocyon from the late Miocene of Spain and the systematics of the genus., Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 50 2, 219-238 doi:http://app.pan.pl/acta50/app50219.pdf
Salesa M. J., Antón M., et al (2006) Evidence of a false thumb in a fossil carnivore clarifies the evolution of pandas, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103 2, 379-382
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Gesch. Urwelt, ed. 2 (2) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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