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Plesiadapidae ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	40733	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=40733

Rank

family (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Plesiadapidae

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
order	Primates	Linnaeus 1758
-	Euprimateformes	Bloch et al. 2007
superfamily	Plesiadapoidea
family	Plesiadapidae	Trouessart 1897

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Plesiadapidae	family	belongs to Primates	stated with evidence	Matthew, 1917
Plesiadapidae	family	belongs to Primates	stated without evidence	Simpson, 1936
Plesiadapidae	family	belongs to Primates	stated with evidence	Simpson, 1937
Plesiadapidae	family	belongs to Primates	stated without evidence	Gazin, 1969
Plesiadapidae	family	belongs to Plesiadapoidea	stated with evidence	Gingerich, 1973
Plesiadapidae	family	belongs to Plesiadapiformes	stated without evidence	Gingerich, 1975
Plesiadapidae	family	belongs to Plesiadapoidea	implied	Carroll, 1988
Plesiadapidae	family	belongs to Plesiadapoidea	stated with evidence	Gunnell, 1989
Plesiadapidae	family	belongs to Plesiadapoidea	stated without evidence	Fox, 1990
Plesiadapidae	family	belongs to Dermoptera	stated with evidence	Beard, 1991
Plesiadapidae	family	belongs to Plesiadapiformes	stated with evidence	Beard, 1993
Plesiadapidae	family	belongs to Plesiadapiformes	stated without evidence	Thewissen et al., 2001
Plesiadapidae	family	belongs to Plesiadapoidea	stated with evidence	Bloch et al., 2007

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

66.0 - 63.3 Ma
Paleocene

Last Recorded Appearance

55.8 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Plesiadapoidea)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

herbivore (based on Plesiadapoidea)

Reproduction

viviparous (based on Plesiadapoidea)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Asioplesiadapinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)	1	55.8 Ma Eocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Chiromyoides ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	35	61.7 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Jattadectes ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	55.8 Ma Eocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Megachiromyoides ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Nannodectes ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	30	61.7 Ma Paleocene	61.7 Ma Paleocene
Platychoerops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	15	59.2 Ma Paleocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Plesiadapis ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	228	63.3 Ma Paleocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Pronothodectes ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	17	63.3 Ma Paleocene	61.7 Ma Paleocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1887	Platychoeropidae Lydekker
1897	Plesiadapidae Trouessart
1917	Plesiadapidae Matthew p. 838
1936	Plesiadapidae Simpson p. 19
1937	Plesiadapidae Simpson p. 164
1940	Plesiadapidae Simpson p. 202
1969	Plesiadapidae Gazin p. 7
1973	Plesiadapidae Gingerich p. 518
1975	Plesiadapidae Gingerich p. 136

Year	Name and Author
1988	Plesiadapidae Carroll
1989	Plesiadapidae Gunnell p. 147
1990	Plesiadapidae Fox p. 638
1991	Plesiadapidae Beard
1993	Plesiadapidae Beard
2001	Plesiadapidae Thewissen et al. p. 352
2007	Plesiadapidae Bloch et al. p. 1162
2010	Plesiadapidae Silcox et al.

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Matthew W. D. (1917) The dentition of Nothodectes, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 37 33, 831-839

Simpson G. G. (1936) A new fauna from the Fort Union of Montana, American Museum Novitates 873

Simpson G. G. (1937) The Fort Union of the Crazy Mountain field, Montana and its mammalian faunas, Bulletin of the United States National Museum 169, 1-287

Simpson G. G. (1940) Studies on the earliest primates, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 77 4, 185-212

Gazin C. L. (1969) A new occurrence of Paleocene mammals in the Evanston Formation, southwestern Wyoming, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 2, 1-16

Gingerich P. D. (1973) First record of the Palaeocene primate Chiromyoides from North America, Nature 244, 517-518

Gingerich P. D. (1975) New North American Plesiadapidae (Mammalia, Primates) and a biostratigraphic zonation of the middle and upper Paleocene, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 24 13, 135-148

Gunnell G. F. (1989) Evolutionary History of Microsyopoidea (Mammalia, ?Primates) and the Relationship Between Plesiadapiformes and Primates, University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 27, 1-157

Fox R. C. (1990) Pronothodectes gaoi n. sp. from the Late Paleocene of Alberta, Canada, and the Early Evolution of the Plesiadapidae (Mammalia, Primates), Journal of Paleontology 64 4

Beard K. C. (1993) Origin and evolution of gliding in early Cenozoic Dermoptera (Mammalia, Primatomorpha)., Primates and Their Relatives in Phylogenetic Perspective (R. D. E. MacPhee, ed.), Plenum Press, New York., 63-90

Thewissen J. G. M., Williams E. M., et al (2001) Eocene mammal faunas from northern Indo-Pakistan, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 21 2, 347-366

Bloch J. I., Silcox M. T., et al (2007) New Paleocene skeletons and the relationship of plesiadapiformes to crown-clade primates, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 104 4, 1159-1164

Silcox M. T., Bloch J. I., et al (2010) Cranial anatomy of Paleocene and Eocene Labidolemur kayi (Mammalia: Apatotheria), and the relationships of the Apatemyidae to other mammals, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 160, 773-825

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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