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Cryptobranchus

Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)37352https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=37352
Rankgenus (PBDB)
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Caudata : Cryptobranchidae : Cryptobranchus
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-Temnospondyli
-Lissamphibia
-Batrachia
-Caudata
familyUrodela
-Cryptobranchoidea
familyCryptobranchidaeCope 1889
genusCryptobranchusLeuckart 1821
Common Namehellbender
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Cryptobranchusgenusbelongs to Cryptobranchidaestated without evidenceHolman, 1977
Cryptobranchusgenusbelongs to Cryptobranchidaestated with evidenceEstes, 1981
Cryptobranchusgenusbelongs to CryptobranchidaeimpliedCarroll, 1988
Cryptobranchusgenusbelongs to Cryptobranchidaestated without evidenceHolman et al., 1990
Cryptobranchusgenusbelongs to Cryptobranchidaestated with evidenceMatsui et al., 2008
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)4
Extant Size (PBDB)2 (50%)
First Recorded Appearance61.7 - 56.8 Ma
Paleocene
Environmentbrackish,freshwater,terrestrial (based on Tetrapoda)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Temnospondyli)
Dietcarnivore (based on Temnospondyli)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis
species
listed (PBDB)Hellbender32.59 Ma
Pleistocene
0 Ma
Extant
Cryptobranchus guildayi
species
listed (PBDB)22.59 Ma
Pleistocene
1.80 Ma
Pleistocene
Cryptobranchus saskatchewanensis
species
listed (PBDB)261.7 Ma
Paleocene
56.8 Ma
Paleocene

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1821Cryptobranchus Leuckart
1871Sieboldia Blanchard
1917Plicagnathus Cook
1977Cryptobranchus Holman p. 159
1981Cryptobranchus Estes p. 13
1988Cryptobranchus Carroll
1990Cryptobranchus Holman et al. p. 522
2008Cryptobranchus Matsui et al. p. 322

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Holman J. A. (1977) The Pleistocene (Kansan) herpetofauna of Cumberland Cave, Maryland, Annals of Carnegie Museum 46 11, 157-172
Estes R. (1981) , Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie/Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology. Part 2. Gymnophiona, Caudata. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, xv-115
Holman J. A., Bell G. L., et al (1990) A late Pleistocene herpetofauna from Bell Cave, Alabama, The Herpetological Journal 1 11, 521-529
Matsui M., Tominaga A., et al (2008) Reduced genetic variation in the Japanese giant salamander, Andrias japonicus (Amphibia: Caudata), Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 49 1, 318-326 doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.07.020
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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