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Syngnathus

Photos

Photo Gallery

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	35878	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=35878

Rank

genus (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Syngnathiformes : Syngnathidae : Syngnathus

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
superclass	Actinopterygii
class	Actinopteri
subclass	Neopterygii
-	Teleosteomorpha	Arratia et al. 2004
-	Teleostei
-	Osteoglossocephalai
-	Clupeocephala	Patterson and Rosen 1977
-	Euteleosteomorpha
-	Neoteleostei	Rosen 1973
-	Eurypterygia
-	Ctenosquamata
-	Acanthomorphata
-	Euacanthomorphacea
-	Percomorphaceae
-	Scombrimorpharia
order	Syngnathiformes
suborder	Syngnathoidei
family	Syngnathidae
genus	Syngnathus	Linnaeus 1758

Common Name

pipefish

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Syngnathus	genus	belongs to Lophobranchi	stated without evidence	Agassiz, 1835
Syngnathus	genus	belongs to Syngnathidae	stated without evidence	Jordan and Gilbert, 1919
Syngnathus	genus	belongs to Syngnathinae	stated without evidence	Jerzmanska, 1968
Syngnathus	genus	belongs to Syngnathidae	stated without evidence	Fritzsche, 1980
Syngnathus	genus	belongs to Gasterosteiformes	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Syngnathus	genus	belongs to Syngnathidae	stated without evidence	Gaudant et al., 2005
Syngnathus	genus	belongs to Hipposyngnathinae	stated without evidence	Fierstine et al., 2012
Syngnathus	genus	belongs to Syngnathidae	stated without evidence	Bannikov, 2014

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

11 (65%)

First Recorded Appearance

33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene

Environment

marine (based on Vertebrata)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Acanthomorphata)

Diet

omnivore (based on Acanthomorphata)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

C. Linnaeus. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima 1:1-824

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Siphostoma auliscus species	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Siphostoma exile species	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Syngnathus albyi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	13	16.0 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Syngnathus altus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	3	33.9 Ma Oligocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Syngnathus avus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	4	23.0 Ma Miocene	7.25 Ma Miocene
Syngnathus californiensis species	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Syngnathus carinatus species	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Syngnathus emeritus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Syngnathus euchrous species	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Syngnathus incertus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	2	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Syngnathus incompletus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	2	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Syngnathus insulae species	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Syngnathus leptorhynchus species	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Syngnathus macrobrachium species	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1758	Syngnathus Linnaeus p. 336
1810	Siphonostoma Rafinesque
1810	Siphostoma Rafinesque
1835	Syngnathus Agassiz p. 38ff
1863	Dermatostethus Gill
1919	Syngnathus Jordan and Gilbert p. 34
1927	Syrictes Jordan and Evermann
1943	Syngnathus David p. 84
1960	Syngnathus Danil'chenko p. 85

Year	Name and Author
1968	Syngnathus Jerzmanska p. 440
1980	Syngnathus Fritzsche p. 198
2002	Syngnathus Sepkoski, Jr.
2005	Syngnathus Gaudant et al. p. 692
2006	Syngnathus Gaudant et al. p. 797
2012	Syngnathus Fierstine et al. p. 94
2014	Syngnathus Bannikov p. 27
2014	Syngnathus Gaudant and Courme p. 208

References

Linnaeus C. , Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima 1, 1-824 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.542

Agassiz L. , Recherches Sur Les Poissons Fossiles. Tome IV (livr. 4). Imprimerie de Petitpierre, Neuchatel, 33-52

Jordan D. S., Gilbert J. Z. (1919) Fossil Fishes of the Miocene (Monterey) Formations, Leland Stanford Junior University Publications, University Series, 13-60

David L. R. (1943) Miocene Fishes of Southern California, Geological Society of America Special Paper 43, 1-187

Danil'chenko P. G. (1960) Bony fishes of the Maikop deposits of the Caucasus, Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta 78, 1-247

Jerzmanska A. (1968) Ichtyofaune des couches a ménilite (flysch des Karpathes), Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 13 3, 379-488

Fritzsche R. A. (1980) Revision of the eastern Pacific Syngnathidae (Pisces: Syngnathiformes), including both recent and fossil forms, Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 42 6, 181-227

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Gaudant J., Tsaparas N., et al (2005) The Tortonian fish fauna of Gavdos Island (Greece), Comptes Rendus Palevol 4, 687-695 doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2005.08.003

Fierstine H. L., Huddleston R. W., et al (2012) Catalog of the Neogene bony fishes of California: A ystematic inventory of all published accounts, Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences 159, 1-206

Bannikov A. F. (2014) The systematic composition of the Eocene actinopterygian fish fauna from Monte Bolca, northern Italy, as known to date, Studi e ricerche sui giacimenti terziari di Bolca, XV - Miscellanea paleontologica 12, 23-34

Gaudant J., Courme M.-D. (2014) A new Pliocene marine fish fauna from north-western Cyprus, with a micropalaeontological account, Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie 272 2, 205-212 doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2014/0406

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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