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Actinopterygii

Lycoptera davidi

Liaoning, China

Lycoptera davidi

Liaoning, China

Dapalis sp.

Aix-en-Provence, Bouches-du-Rhône, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France

Lycoptera davidi

Liaoning, China

Dapalis sp.

Aix-en-Provence, Bouches-du-Rhône, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France

Lycoptera davidi

Liaoning, China

Lycoptera davidi

Liaoning, China

Description

Actinopterygii, or the ray-finned fishes, constitute a class or subclass of the bony fishes.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinopterygii, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	204	https://www.gbif.org/species/204
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	67345	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=67345

Rank

class (GBIF)
superclass (PBDB)

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
class	Actinopterygii

Common Name

ray-finned fish

Scientific Name

Actinopterygii

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Actinopterygii	order	belongs to Teleostomi	stated with evidence	Gadow, 1898
Actinopterygii	order	belongs to Teleostomi	stated without evidence	Woodward, 1902
Actinopterygii	order	belongs to Pisces	stated without evidence	Lambe, 1908
Actinopterygii	class	belongs to Teleostomi	stated without evidence	Woodward, 1916
Actinopterygii	class	belongs to Osteichthyes	stated without evidence	Daly, 1973
Actinopterygii	class	belongs to Osteichthyes	stated with evidence	Ahlberg, 1991
Actinopterygii	class	belongs to Osteichthyes	stated without evidence	Cvancara and Hoganson, 1993
Actinopterygii	class	belongs to Teleostomi	stated without evidence	Zalohar et al., 2009
Actinopterygii	class	belongs to Osteichthyes	stated without evidence	Poyato-Ariza, 2010
Actinopterygii	superclass	belongs to Osteichthyes	stated with evidence	Betancur-R et al., 2013
Actinopterygii	class	belongs to Chordata	stated without evidence	Fourriére et al., 2014

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

7,061

Extant Size (PBDB)

2,101 (30%)

First Recorded Appearance

388 - 383 Ma
Devonian

Environment

marine (based on Vertebrata)

Motility

actively mobile

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

A. Meyer and R. Zardoya. 2003. Recent advances in the (molecular) phylogeny of vertebrates. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 34:311-338

Common Name(s)

Strålfeniga Fiskar, Ray-finned Fishes, Променепері, 条鰭, Ray-finned Fish, Beenvissen, Strahlenflosser

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinopterygii

External Images

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Actinopteri class	listed (PBDB)		12,624	388 Ma Middle Devonian	0 Ma Extant
Cladistia class	listed (PBDB)		58	101 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Polypteri superorder	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Acipenseriformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		233	252 Ma Permian	0 Ma Extant
Aeduelliformes ✝ order	listed (PBDB)		5	323 Ma Carboniferous	296 Ma Permian
Albuliformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Bonefish	134	112 Ma Early Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Amiiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Bowfin	544	254 Ma Permian	0 Ma Extant
Anguilliformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Eel	219	145 Ma Late Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Asarotiformes ✝ order	listed (PBDB)		1	83.6 Ma Late Cretaceous	83.6 Ma Late Cretaceous
Ateleopodiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Jellynose Fish			0 Ma Extant
Atheriniformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Silverside	18	56.0 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Aulopiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		80	129 Ma Early Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Batrachoidiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Toadfish	25	47.8 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Beloniformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		47	56.0 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Beryciformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		103	101 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Bobastraniiformes ✝ order	listed (PBDB)
Cetomimiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Characiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		186	83.6 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Clupeiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		260	129 Ma Early Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Cypriniformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Carp-like Fish	277	152 Ma Late Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Cyprinodontiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		19	72.1 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Discordichthyiformes ✝ order	listed (PBDB)		19	269 Ma Permian	259 Ma Permian
Elopiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		234	156 Ma Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Esociformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		77	85.8 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Eurynotoidiformes ✝ order	listed (PBDB)		34	273 Ma Permian	259 Ma Permian
Gadiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		388	66.0 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Gasterosteiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		16	59.2 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Gobiesociformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Gonorynchiformes order	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gymnotiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Isospondyli order	listed (PBDB)		10	166 Ma Middle Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Lampriformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Lepisosteiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Gar	813	247 Ma Early Triassic	0 Ma Extant
Lophiiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Anglerfish	47	66.0 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Mugiliformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		18	33.9 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Myctophiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		457	101 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Notacanthiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	48.6 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Ophidiiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		226	72.1 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Osmeriformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	28.4 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Osteoglossiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		131	168 Ma Middle Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Paramblypteriformes order	listed (PBDB)		12	307 Ma Carboniferous	265 Ma Permian
Perciformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Perch-like Fish	682	83.6 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Percopsiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		7	70.6 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Pleuronectiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Flatfish	141	130 Ma Early Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Polymixiiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Beardfish	14	99.6 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Polypteriformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		58	101 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Saccopharyngiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Salmoniformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		208	125 Ma Early Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Scorpaeniformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		33	47.8 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Siluriformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Catfish	642	152 Ma Late Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Stephanoberyciformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Stomiiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		133	101 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Synbranchiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Syngnathiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		88	56.0 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Tarrasiiformes ✝ order	listed (PBDB)		1	345 Ma Carboniferous	345 Ma Carboniferous
Tetraodontiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		178	105 Ma Early Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Trachichthyiformes ✝ order	listed (PBDB)
Zeiformes order	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	47.8 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Aetheospondyli suborder	listed (PBDB)		3	101 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Protospondyli ✝ suborder	listed (PBDB)
Acentrophoridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aceratiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Acrolepididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aeduellidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	323 Ma Carboniferous	296 Ma Permian
Aeduelliidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aesopichthyidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		9	326 Ma Carboniferous	326 Ma Carboniferous
Aetheodontidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Alabidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Allothrissopidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Amblypteridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Amphicentridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Anarrhichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ankylophoridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Anoplopomidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aphareidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apidosiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Archaeomaenidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Asarotidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	83.6 Ma Late Cretaceous	83.6 Ma Late Cretaceous
Ascalaboidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ascelichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Asineopidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aspidophoroididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aspidorhynchidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Asterodontidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Atherstoniidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Atopoclinidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bajaichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Birgeriidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bleekeriidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Blennioidei family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Blepsiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bobasatraniidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Boreolepidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Boreolepididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bovictidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Brachydegmidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Brembodontidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bunocephalidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Butidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Calamoichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Callipurbeckiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Canobiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Carbovelidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Catervariolidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cebidichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Centrolepidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	199 Ma Early Jurassic	197 Ma Early Jurassic
Centrolepididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cephaloxenidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chanoididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Characinidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Characodontidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cheirolepididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chimarrhichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chirodontidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chongichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chuhsiungichthiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chuhsiungichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cladocyclidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cleiothrolepididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cleithrolepididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Coccocephalichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Coccodontidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Coccolepidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Coccolepididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Colobodontidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Commentryidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Coridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cornuboniscidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cosmoptychiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cottocomerphoridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cryphiolepididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cyclolepidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	48.6 Ma Eocene	48.6 Ma Eocene
Dalliidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dapediidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Denticidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Derepodichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dicellopygidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dictyopygidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diphyodontidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diploprionidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Discordichthyidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		19	269 Ma Permian	259 Ma Permian
Dorsetichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dwykiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Elassomidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Elonichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Emblemariidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Eoplethodidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Eosemionotidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Erilepidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Etheostomidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Eurycormidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Eurynotoidiidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		34	273 Ma Permian	259 Ma Permian
Evenkiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ferrifronsidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Fitzroyiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Flutidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Fuyuanperleididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gabanellidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gebrayelichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gigactinidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gladiopycnodontidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Glaucosomidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gobioidei family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gonatodidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gooeidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Guildayichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gyrodontidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Habroichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hadrodontidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Haplolepididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Helostomidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hemerocoetidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Henicichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hippoglossidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Holuridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hoplopagridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hysterocarpidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ichthyodectidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ichthyokentemidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Jordaniidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Kentuckiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Koonwarriidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Kyphosichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Labroidei family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Lawniidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Lepidoglanidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Lepidosteidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Lepidotidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	166 Ma Middle Jurassic	93.5 Ma Late Cretaceous
Leptolepididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Liparopidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Luganoiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Lycodapodidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Macrouroididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Marcopoloichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Medidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Mesturidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Milyeringidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Mimiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Muglioididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Muraenolepidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Neolabridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Neoletherinidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Neophrynichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Niphonidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nursallidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Oligopleuridae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	125 Ma Early Cretaceous	125 Ma Early Cretaceous
Oligoridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ophicephalidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ophioclinidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ophiodontidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ophiopsiellidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ophiopsiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Opisthomyzonidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Osorioichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Oxylebiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pachycormidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Palaeoniscidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		287	384 Ma Middle Devonian	145 Ma Late Jurassic
Panxianichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Paraclupeidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Peltopleuridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Periophthalmidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Perleididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phanerorhynchidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pharyngopilidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pholidicthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pholidophoridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pholidopleuridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Platysiagidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Platysomidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Plethodidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pleuropholidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Poecilidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Polyacanthidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Polymerichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Polzbergiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pomadasidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Priscacaridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Prohaleciteidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Protobramidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Protosyngnathidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Psammichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudobeaconiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pteropsaridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ptycholepididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pycnodontes family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		282	296 Ma Permian	0 Ma Extant
Pycnodontidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pygaeidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pygidiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pygopteridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Redfieldiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Rhabdolepidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Rhabodlepidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Rhadinichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Rhegmatidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Rogeniidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Runulidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Saurichthyidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		292	265 Ma Permian	168 Ma Middle Jurassic
Saurodontidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Sauropsidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Scanilepididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Sciaenoidei family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Scomberoidei family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Scorpaenichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Scorpidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Semiophoridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Sinipercidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Siphonognathidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Siyuichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Sorbinichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Sparisomidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Sparoidei family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		219	101 Ma Late Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Sphaerodontidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Stegotrachelidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Strepheoschematidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Styracopteridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Synapturidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Synchridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tarrasiidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tegeolepididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Thoracopteridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Trissolepididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tungusichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Uarbrichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Unamichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Urosthenidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Varialepididae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Verilidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Willomorichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Xenesthidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Xenichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Xiphiostomidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Xiphisternidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Yelangichthyidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aetheretmon ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Aethocephalichthys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	85.8 Ma Late Cretaceous	85.8 Ma Late Cretaceous
Akanolepis ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Akromystax genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ameghinichthys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	151 Ma Late Jurassic	151 Ma Late Jurassic
Anapterus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Andalusias genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Andreolepis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aneurolepis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	247 Ma Early Triassic	242 Ma Middle Triassic
Angatubichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Angolaichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apateodus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		7	105 Ma Early Cretaceous	72.1 Ma Late Cretaceous
Aphelolepis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apomesodon genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Arcodonichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Arduafrons genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Armigatus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Asialepidotus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Asiatolepis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Atacamichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Atkinsonella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Aulolepis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Australichthys ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Avonichthys ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	359 Ma Late Devonian	359 Ma Late Devonian
Baoqingichthys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		14	254 Ma Permian	252 Ma Permian
Bavarichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Beagiascus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	326 Ma Carboniferous	326 Ma Carboniferous
Beishanichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Caelatichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Camposichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cerinichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chandlerichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chanoides genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cheirodopsis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	345 Ma Carboniferous	345 Ma Carboniferous
Cheirothrix ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Chondrosteus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chuhsiungichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cipactlichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Coccocephalichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cooyoo genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cornuboniscus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Crenilepis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Crossognathus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ctenothrissa ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	93.5 Ma Late Cretaceous	93.5 Ma Late Cretaceous
Cuneognathus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	372 Ma Late Devonian	372 Ma Late Devonian
Dactylopogon ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Daninia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Daqingshaniscus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dialipina genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dinopteryx ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Diplospondichthys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	99.6 Ma Late Cretaceous	99.6 Ma Late Cretaceous
Ducanichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ebenaqua genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Echidnocephalus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	89.8 Ma Late Cretaceous	89.8 Ma Late Cretaceous
Elopoides genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Enchelurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Eurypoma ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	156 Ma Jurassic	156 Ma Jurassic
Exocoetoides ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Flugopterus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Frodoichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Fukangichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gigapteryx genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gimlichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gracilignathichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Grimmenodon genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Guaymayenia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	247 Ma Early Triassic	247 Ma Early Triassic
Gunterichthys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	323 Ma Carboniferous	323 Ma Carboniferous
Gyrosteus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Halecopsis ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		3	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Heterostrophus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Heterothrissa genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Histiothrissa ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Holcolepis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Holopterygius genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Huanghelepsis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hulettia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Humilichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ichthyokentema genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ichthyotringa genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Illiniichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Jinanichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Kalops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	339 Ma Carboniferous	339 Ma Carboniferous
Kelemejtubus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Khantausia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Kyphosichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Lawrenciella genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Leufuichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ligulalepis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Limnomis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Lineagruan ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	326 Ma Carboniferous	326 Ma Carboniferous
Longdeichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Lophosteus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Luederia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Macraulostomus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Mallotus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Meemania ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Melanecta genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Mendocinichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Mesoclupea genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Mesolepis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	359 Ma Late Devonian	359 Ma Late Devonian
Microcoelia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Moythomasia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Muensterichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Neochallaia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Neosemionotus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nozamichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Occithrissops genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ogunichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Opistopteryx ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Osorioichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pachylebias ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pacorichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Palaeoniscinotus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	228 Ma Late Triassic	228 Ma Late Triassic
Palaeothrissum genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Paralycoptera genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Paramblypterus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	299 Ma Carboniferous	265 Ma Permian
Parascopelus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	16.0 Ma Miocene	7.25 Ma Miocene
Paratarrasius ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	326 Ma Carboniferous	326 Ma Carboniferous
Pateroperca genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Peia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pelecorapis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phacodus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phoenicolepis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pholidophorichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phylactocephalus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pietschellus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Piranhamesodon genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Placidichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Placopleurus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Plethodus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Prolebias ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pronotacanthus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Proportheus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Prosantichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Protarpon genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Protaulopsis genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Protoclupea genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Prymnetes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudoberyx ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Ramphosus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Reticulolepis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	260 Ma Permian	260 Ma Permian
Rharbichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Rhinellus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Rhinopycnodus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Rhynchorhinus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Roslerichthys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	299 Ma Carboniferous	299 Ma Carboniferous
Sakamenichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Salmo genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Salmon			0 Ma Extant
Santanasalmo genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Santosius genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Sardinioides genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Schizospondylus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Sedenhorstia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Senekichthys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	359 Ma Late Devonian	359 Ma Late Devonian
Shuleichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Spinofacia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	323 Ma Carboniferous	323 Ma Carboniferous
Stegotrachelus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	388 Ma Middle Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
Subortichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Taemasacanthus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tanaocrossus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tanypterichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tarrasius ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	345 Ma Carboniferous	345 Ma Carboniferous
Tegeolepis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Telepholis ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Terenolepis ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	419 Ma Early Devonian	419 Ma Early Devonian
Tetragonopterus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Thryptodus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Tischlingerichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Todiltia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tonghuaichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Utahacanthus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Vallecillichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Wardichthys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Woodichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Zhejiangichthys genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Palaeoniscoidae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Palaeoniscoidae

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1839	Lepidotus trotti Balsamo-Crivelli p. 427
1857	Pholidophorus lepturus Bellotti
1857	Semionotus dubius Bellotti
1857	Lepidotus pectoralis Bellotti p. 420
1857	Semionotus brevis Bellotti p. 422
1857	Pholidophorus rueppelli Bellotti p. 428
1876	Semionotus inornatus Henry p. 417 figs. Pl 2, fig 23
1885	Semionotus mendozaensis Geinitz
1887	Actinopterygii Cope
1890	Palaeoniscoidae Rohon
1895	Ophiopsis lepturus Woodward p. 172
1895	Heterolepidotus pectoralis Woodward p. 312
1895	Allolepidotus rueppelli Woodward p. 315
1898	Actinopterygii Gadow p. 7
1902	Actinopterygii Woodward p. 3
1906	Actinopterygii Andrews p. 313
1908	Actinopterygii Lambe
1910	Ophiopsis lepturus de Alessandri p. 87 figs. Pl 3, fig 4
1910	Ophiopsis lariensis de Alessandri p. 89 figs. Pl 3, figs 5,6
1910	Eugnathus trottii de Alessandri p. 97 figs. Pl 5, fig 3
1910	Heterolepidotus pectoralis de Alessandri p. 100 figs. Pl 5, fig 4; pl 6, fig 1; pl 7, fig 1
1910	Heterolepidotus brevis de Alessandri p. 107 figs. Pl 7, fig 2
1910	Allolepidotus rueppelli de Alessandri p. 118 figs. Pl 8, figs 3,4
1910	Eugnathus trottii de Allessandri p. 97 figs. Pl 5, fig 3
1916	Actinopterygii Woodward p. 23
1944	Gyrolepidoides cuyanus Cabrera
1946	Palaeoniscoidea Dunkle p. 402
1946	Cenechoia paramillensis Rusconi
1946	Eurynotus uspallatensis Rusconi
1946	Pholidophorus dentatus Rusconi
1946	Semionotus unicristatus Rusconi
1947	Cenechoia sulcata Rusconi
1947	Pholidophorus vallejensis Rusconi
1948	Gyrolepidoides multistriatus Rusconi

Year	Name and Author
1950	Semionotus vallejensis Rusconi
1952	Neochallaia leonensis Rusconi
1960	Palaeoniscoidea Gardiner p. 241
1966	Actinopterygii Casier p. 103
1973	Actinopterygii Daly p. 564
1977	Actinopterygii Miles
1978	Actinopterygii Schaeffer and Dalquest p. 8
1981	Actinopterygii Thurmond and Jones p. 80
1987	Actinopterygii Kumar and Loyal p. 68
1988	Actinopterygii Case and Schwimmer p. 297
1991	Actinopterygii Ahlberg p. 280
1993	Actinopterygii Cvancara and Hoganson p. 13
1993	Actinopterygii Domning and Clark p. 413
1995	Ophiopsis lepturus Bürgin p. 818 figs. 12-14
1995	Palaeoniscimorpha Lund et al. pp. 215-220
1997	Actinopterygii Delsate p. 129
1999	Actinopterygii Cartanyá p. 540
1999	Actinopterygii Weems p. 32
2001	Furo trottii Lombardo p. 355 figs. 7-9; pl 2A
2002	Palaeoniscimorpha Poplin and Lund
2003	Actinopterygii Delsate p. 17
2003	Actinopterygii Meyer and Zardoya
2004	Palaeoniscimorpha Prokofiev
2006	Actinopterygii Grande and Hilton p. 5
2007	Actinopterygii Carnevale p. 8
2008	Actinopterygii Long et al.
2009	Palaeonisci Minikh and Minikh p. 144
2009	Actinopterygii Zalohar et al. p. 80
2010	Actinopterygii Poyato-Ariza p. 651
2011	Actinopterygii Long p. 242
2013	Actinopterygii Betancur-R. et al.
2013	Actinopterygii Denton p. 786
2014	Actinopterygii Fourriére et al. p. 380
2018	Actinopterygii Carnevale and Godfrey p. 163

References

Meyer A., Zardoya R. (2003) Recent advances in the (molecular) phylogeny of vertebrates, Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 34, 311-338

Balsamo-Crivelli G. Descrizione d'un nuovo rettile fossile della famiglia dei Paleosauri, e di due pesci fossili trovati nel calcareo nero, sopra Varenna sul lago di Como, dal nobile sig. Lodovico Trotti, con alcune riflessioni geologiche, Il Politecnico 1, 421-431

Henry M. J. L'Infralias dans la Franche-Comté [The Lower Lias of Franche-Comté], Mémoires de la Société d'Émulation du Doubs, 4e série 10, 287-486

Woodward A. S. , Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the British Museum (Natural History), Part III, 1-544

Gadow H. , A Classification of Vertebrata Recent and Extinct, xvii-82

Woodward A. S. (1902) The fishes of the English chalk, Palaeontographical Society 56, 1-56

Andrews C. W. (1906) , A Descriptive Catalogue of the Tertiary Vertebrata of Fayum, Egypt, 1-324

Lambe L. M. (1908) The Vertebrata of the Oligocene of the Cypress Hills, Saskatchewan, Contributions to Canadian Palaeontology 3 4, 1-65 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.61444

de Alessandri G. (1910) Studii sui pesci Triasici della Lombardia, Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 7 1, 1-145

Woodward A. S. (1916) The fossil fishes of the English Wealden and Purbeck Formations, Palaeontographical Society, London 1915, 1-48

Dunkle D. H. (1946) A new palaeoniscoid fish from the Lower Permian of Texas, Journal of the Washington Academy of Science 36, 402-409

Gardiner B. G. (1960) A revision of certain actinopterygian and coelacanth fishes, chiefly from the Lower Lias, Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology 4 7, 241-384

Casier E. (1966) , Faune ichthyologique du London Clay, 1-510

Daly E. (1973) A Lower Permian vertebrate fauna from southern Oklahoma, Journal of Paleontology 47 3, 562-589

Miles R. S. (1977) Dipnoan (lungfish) skulls and the relationships of the group: a study based on new species from the Devonian of Australia, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 61, 1-328

Schaeffer B., Dalquest W. W. (1978) A palaeonisciform braincase from the Permian of Texas, with comments on cranial fissures and the posterior myodome, American Museum Novitates 2658, 1-15

Thurmond J. T., Jones D. E. (1981) , Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama, 1-244

Kumar K., Loyal R. S. (1987) Eocene ichthyofauna from the Subathu Formation, Northwestern Himalaya, India., Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 32, 60-84

Case G. R., Schwimmer D. R. (1988) Late Cretaceous Fish from the Blufftown Formation (Campanian) in Western Georgia, Journal of Paleontology 62 2, 290-301

Ahlberg P. E. (1991) A re-examination of sarcopterygian interrelationships, with special reference to the Porolepiformes, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 103 3, 241-287 doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1991.tb00905.x

Cvancara A. M., Hoganson J. W. (1993) Vertebrates of the Cannonball Formation (Paleocene) in North and South Dakota, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13 1, 1-23

Domning D. P., Clark J. M. (1993) Jamaican Tertiary marine Vertebratra, Geological Society of America Memoir 182, 413-415

Bürgin T. (1995) Actinopterygian fishes (Osteichthyes; Actinopterygii) from the Kalkschieferzone (uppermost Ladinian) near Meride (Canton Ticino, southern Switzerland), Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 88 3, 803-826

Delsate D. (1997) Actinoptérygiens du Toarcien inférieur du Grand Duché de Luxembourg: Présence de Leptoplepis normandica Nybelin 1962 (Téléostéen) ave otolithes in situ, Travaux scientifiques du Musée d’Histoire Naturelle de Luxembourg 27, 125-129

Cartanyá J. (1999) An overview of the Middle Triassic actinopterygians from Alcover, Mont-ral and El Pinetell (Catalonia, Spain), Mesozoic Fishes 2 - Systematics and the Fossil Record 2, 535-551

Weems R. E. (1999) Part 4. Actinopterygian Fishes from the Fisher/Sullivan Site, Virginia Division of Mineral Resources Publication 152, 53-100

Lombardo C. (2001) Actinopterygians from the Middle Triassic of Northern Italy and Canton Ticino (Switzerland): Anatomical Descriptions and Nomenclatural Problems, Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 107 3, 345-369

Poplin C. M., Lund R. (2002) Two Carboniferous fine-eyed palaeoniscoids (Pisces, Actinopterygii) from Bear Gluch (USA), Journal of Paleontology 76 6, 1014-1028

Delsate D. (2003) Une nouvelle faune des poissons et requins Toarciens du sud du Luxembourg (Dudelange) et de L'Allemange (Schömberg), Bulletin de l'Académie Lorrain des Sciences 42, 13-49

Prokofiev A. M. (2004) A remarkable new paleoniscoid fish (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii) from the Lower Carboniferous of Tuva Republic (Russia), Paleontological Research 8 2, 109-114

Grande L., Hilton E. J. (2006) An exquisitely preserved skeleton representing a primitive sturgeon from the Upper Cretaceous Judith River Formation of Montana (Acipenseriformes: Acipenseridae: n. gen. and sp.), The Paleontological Society Memoir 65, Journal of Paleontology 80 4, suppl., 1-39

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Long J. A., Choo B., et al (2008) A new basal actinopterygian fish from the Middle Devonian Aztec\r\nSiltstone of Antarctica, Antarctic Science 20 4, 393-412 doi:10.1017/S0954102008001144

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Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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