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Leptaeninae ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	103892	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=103892

Rank

subfamily (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Rafinesquinidae : Leptaeninae

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
-	Lophophorata
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Strophomenata	Williams et al 1996
order	Strophomenida	Opik 1934
superfamily	Strophomenoidea	King 1846
family	Rafinesquinidae	Schuchert 1893
subfamily	Leptaeninae	Hall and Clarke 1894

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Leptaeninae	subfamily	belongs to Strophomenidae	stated without evidence	Bassett and Cocks, 1974
Leptaeninae	subfamily	belongs to Rafinesquinidae	stated with evidence	Williams et al., 2000

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

144

First Recorded Appearance

467 - 461 Ma
Middle Ordovician

Last Recorded Appearance

318 - 315 Ma
Carboniferous

Motility

stationary (based on Rafinesquinidae)

Vision

blind (based on Strophomenata)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Rafinesquinidae)

Taphonomy

low Mg calcite (based on Brachiopoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

L.R.M. Cocks. 2005. Strophomenate Brachiopods from the late Ordovician Boda Limestone of Sweden: their systematics and implications for palaeogeography. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 3:243-282

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Astamena ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	10	461 Ma Middle Ordovician	458 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Bracteoleptaena ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	431 Ma Silurian
Estonomena ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	9	466 Ma Middle Ordovician	464 Ma Middle Ordovician
Glossoleptaena ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	22	458 Ma Middle Ordovician	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Harjumena ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	14	452 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	452 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Hingganoleptaena ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Hollardina ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	20	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Lepidoleptaena ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	27	433 Ma Silurian	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Leptaena ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1,492	461 Ma Middle Ordovician	339 Ma Carboniferous
Leptaenopyxis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	40	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	403 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Leptagonia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	167	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	318 Ma Carboniferous
Limbimurina ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	461 Ma Middle Ordovician	453 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Lioleptaena ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Lissoleptaena ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Mackerrovia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	439 Ma Silurian
Notoleptaena ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	15	443 Ma Silurian	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Oandumena ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	458 Ma Middle Ordovician	458 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Rhactomena ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	445 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Rugoleptaena ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	12	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	403 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Schmidtomena ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	12	446 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	443 Ma Silurian
Tchadania ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1894	Leptaeninae Hall and Clarke
1894	Leptaenidae Hall and Clarke p. 48
1974	Leptaeninae Bassett and Cocks
1977	Leptaenidae Mitchell
1982	Leptaenidae Owen and Harper
1996	Leptaenidae Villas and Cocks p. 584
1997	Leptaenidae Jin and Chatterton

Year	Name and Author
2000	Leptaeninae Williams et al. p. 241
2004	Leptaeninae Rõõmusoks
2005	Leptaeninae Cocks p. 255
2010	Leptaeninae Cocks
2011	Leptaeninae Rubel
2015	Leptaeninae Hints and Harper

References

Cocks L.R.M. (2005) Strophomenate Brachiopods from the late Ordovician Boda Limestone of Sweden: their systematics and implications for palaeogeography, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 3, 243-282

Bassett M. G., Cocks L. R. M. (1974) A review of Silurian brachiopods from Gotland, Fossils and Strata 3, 1-56

Mitchell W. I. (1977) The Ordovician Brachiopoda from Pomeroy, Co. Tyrone, The Palaeontographical Society Monographs 130 545, 1-138

Owen A. W., Harper D. A. T. (1982) The Middle Ordovician of the Oslo Region, Norway, 31. The upper Caradoc trilobites and brachiopods from Vestbraten, Ringerike, Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 62, 95-120

Villas E., Cocks L. R. M. (1996) The first early Silurian brachiopod fauna from the Iberian Peninsula, Journal of Paleontology 70 4, 571-588

Jin J., Chatterton B. D. E. (1997) Latest Ordovician-Silurian articulate brachiopods and biostratigraphy of the Avalanche Lake area, southwestern District of Mackenzie, Canada, Palaeontographica Canadiana 13, 1-62

Williams A., Carlson S. J., et al (2000) Part H Brachiopoda (revised): Volumes 2 & 3, Linguliformea, Craniiformea, Rhynchonelliformea (part)., Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, 1-919

Roomusoks A. (2004) Ordovician strophomenoid brachiopods of northern Estonia, Fossilia Baltica 3, 1-150

Cocks L. R. (2010) Caradoc Strophomenoid and Plectambonitoid Brachiopods from Wales and the Welsh Borderland, Palaeontology 53 5, 1155-1200

Rubel M. (2011) Silurian brachiopods Dictyonellida, Strophomenida, Productida, Orthotetida, Protorthida and Orthida from Estonia, Fossilia Baltica 4, 1-65

Hints L., Harper D. A. T. (2015) The Hirnantian (Late Ordovician) brachiopod fauna of the East Baltic: Taxonomy of the key species, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 60 2, 395-420 doi:10.4202/app.2013.0010

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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