Philoxenite
A valid IMA mineral species
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Formula:
(K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8
Colour:
Colourless to very pale yellowish
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
3.027 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
The name is derived from the ancient Greek words ϕίλος, a friend, and ξένος, a guest, in allusion to the complex cationic composition of the mineral and the presence of significant amounts of admixtures at nine of eleven independent cationic positions in its crystal structure.
New structure type. Unique combination of elements.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
47599
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:47599:0
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
7013f205-3fde-40f8-9a1c-93ed59dc862c
IMA Classification of Philoxenite
Approved
IMA Formula:
(K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8
Approval year:
2016
First published:
2020
Classification of Philoxenite
7.AC.60
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
A : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, without H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
A : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, without H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Pxn | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Philoxenite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Colourless to very pale yellowish
Streak:
White
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.027 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Philoxenite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.562(2) nβ = 1.572(2) nγ = 1.580(2)
2V:
Measured: 85° (5)
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.018
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Low
Dispersion:
Very strong, r > v
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Philoxenite
Mindat Formula:
(K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8
Crystallography of Philoxenite
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pedial
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.8410(3) Å, b = 8.9971(3) Å, c = 16.1861(5) Å
α = 91.927(3)°, β = 94.516(3)°, γ = 90.118(3)°
α = 91.927(3)°, β = 94.516(3)°, γ = 90.118(3)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.983 : 1 : 1.799
Unit Cell V:
1,282.76 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.70 Å | (18) |
| 4.030 Å | (24) |
| 3.146 Å | (100) |
| 3.136 Å | (72) |
| 2.965 Å | (36) |
| 2.912 Å | (35) |
| 2.834 Å | (36) |
| 2.784 Å | (42) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 45a : [Sulfates, arsenates, selenates, antimonates] |
Type Occurrence of Philoxenite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Isolated oblique-angled, pseudotrigonal or polygonal tabular crystals up to 0.3 × 0.6 mm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
collections of the Fersman Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia (registration number 4809/1)
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Fumarole at 250 C
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Pekov, I.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Zubkova, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G. (2020) Philoxenite, (K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3( Al0.5)(SO4)8, a new mineral from fumarole exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Notes of the Russian Mineralogical Society: 149(4): 67-77.
Synonyms of Philoxenite
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.AC. | Aluminopyracmonite | (NH4)3Al(SO4)3 |
| 7.AC. | Amgaite | Tl+32Te6+O6 |
| 7.AC.05 | Vanthoffite | Na6Mg(SO4)4 |
| 7.AC.08 | Pyracmonite | (NH4)3Fe(SO4)3 |
| 7.AC.10 | Efremovite | (NH4)2Mg2(SO4)3 |
| 7.AC.10 | Langbeinite | K2Mg2(SO4)3 |
| 7.AC.10 | Manganolangbeinite | K2Mn2(SO4)3 |
| 7.AC.10 | Ferroefremovite | (NH4)2Fe2+2(SO4)3 |
| 7.AC.15 | Yavapaiite | KFe(SO4)2 |
| 7.AC.15 | Eldfellite | NaFe3+(SO4)2 |
| 7.AC.20 | Godovikovite | (NH4)Al(SO4)2 |
| 7.AC.20 | Sabieite | (NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 |
| 7.AC.20 | Steklite | KAl(SO4)2 |
| 7.AC.35 | Aphthitalite | (K,Na)3Na(SO4)2 |
| 7.AC.35 | Möhnite | (NH4)K2Na(SO4)2 |
| 7.AC.35 | Belomarinaite | KNa(SO4) |
| 7.AC.35 | Natroaphthitalite | KNa3(SO4)2 |
| 7.AC.40 | Itelmenite | Na4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8 |
| 7.AC.45 | Saranchinaite | Na2Cu(SO4)2 |
| 7.AC.50 | Majzlanite | K2Na(ZnNa)Ca(SO4)4 |
| 7.AC.75 | Petrovite | Na12Cu2(SO4)8 |
Fluorescence of Philoxenite
None
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Philoxenite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-47599.html
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References for Philoxenite
Localities for Philoxenite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Russia (TL) | |
| Hålenius et al. (2016) +1 other reference |
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