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Cupalite

A valid IMA mineral species

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Edit Add Synonym Edit CIF structures Clear Cache

Formula:

(Cu,Zn)Al

Colour:

Steel yellow

Lustre:

Metallic

Hardness:

4 - 4½

Specific Gravity:

5.12 (Calculated)

Crystal System:

Orthorhombic

Name:

Named for its chemical constituents, copper and aluminium.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Khatyrka meteorite, Iomrautvaam massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia

This page provides mineralogical data about Cupalite.

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Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

1171

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:1171:2

GUID
(UUID V4):

98539b48-0b3d-4c19-9951-95eba32a22a4

IMA Classification of CupaliteHide

IMA status:

Approved

IMA Formula:

CuAl

First published:

1985

Type description reference:

Razin, L.V., Rudashevskij, N.S., and Vyalsov, L.N. (1985) New natural intermetallic compounds of aluminium, copper and zinc—khatyrkite CuAl2, cupalite, CuAl and zinc aluminides—from hyperbasites of dunite-harzburgite formation. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 114: 90–100 (in Russian).

Classification of CupaliteHide

Strunz-mindat (2023):

1.AA.20

1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
A : Metals and Intermetallic Alloys
A : Copper-cupalite family

Dana 7th ed.:

1.1.23.1

Dana 8th ed.:

1.1.15.1

1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS
1 : Metals, other than the Platinum Group

Hey's CIM Ref.:

1.23

1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Cup	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of CupaliteHide

Lustre:

Metallic

Transparency:

Opaque

Colour:

Steel yellow

Hardness:

4 - 4½ on Mohs scale

Hardness:

VHN₂₀=272 - 318 kg/mm² - Vickers

Density:

5.12 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of CupaliteHide

Anisotropism:

Weak from light gray to gray.

Bireflectance:

Very weak, gray to dark gray

Reflectivity:

Wavelength	R
440nm	66.8%
480nm	65.3%
520nm	63.7%
560nm	62.1%
600nm	60.4%
640nm	58.9%
680nm	57.7%
720nm	56.9%

Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 66.8%.

Chemistry of CupaliteHide

Mindat Formula:

(Cu,Zn)Al

Elements listed:

Al, Cu, Zn - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of CupaliteHide

Crystal System:

Orthorhombic

Cell Parameters:

a = 6.94 Å, b = 4.12 Å, c = 10.14 Å

Ratio:

a:b:c = 1.684 : 1 : 2.461

Unit Cell V:

289.93 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Grains to 35 microns

Comment:

Point Group: n.d.; Space Group: n.d

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0020057	Cupalite	El-Boragy M, Szepan R, Schubert K (1972) Kristallstruktur von Cu3Al2+ (h) und CuAl (r) Journal of the Less-Common Metals 29 133-140		1972	synthetic	0	293
0020058	Cupalite	El-Boragy M, Szepan R, Schubert K (1972) Kristallstruktur von Cu3Al2+ (h) und CuAl (r) Journal of the Less-Common Metals 29 133-140		1972	synthetic	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Cupalite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'El-Boragy M'
'Szepan R'
'Schubert K'
_journal_name_full 'Journal of the Less-Common Metals'
_journal_volume 29 
_journal_year 1972
_journal_page_first 133
_journal_page_last 140
_publ_section_title
;
 Kristallstruktur von Cu3Al2+ (h) und CuAl (r)
;
_database_code_amcsd 0020057
_chemical_compound_source 'Synthetic'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Cu5 Al5'
_cell_length_a 9.889
_cell_length_b 4.105
_cell_length_c 6.913
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 89.996
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 280.629
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      5.357
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'I 1 2/m 1'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,1/2+z'
  'x,-y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,1/2+z'
  '-x,y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,1/2-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,1/2-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
Cu1   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000
Cu2   0.25600   0.00000   0.01600
Cu3   0.10900   0.00000   0.33700
Al1   0.00000   0.50000   0.50000
Al2   0.15500   0.00000   0.69800
Al3   0.38200   0.00000   0.39500

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
5.07 Å	(10)
4.12 Å	(8)
3.59 Å	(2)
2.83 Å	(1)
2.607 Å	(1)
2.316 Å	(1)
2.023 Å	(1)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration	4.566-4.550
6 : Secondary asteroid phases	4.566-4.560

Type Occurrence of CupaliteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Khatyrka meteorite, Iomrautvaam massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia

General Appearance of Type Material:

Myrmekitic and dendritic droplike grains to 5x35 um within khatyrkite and as rounded or irregular grains from to 10x20 um in cracks and interstices in khatyrkite.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Mining Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia, number 1688/1.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Placers derived from serpentine.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Khatyrkite

Reference:

Download:

http://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/ZVMO114N1_90.pdf

Synonyms of CupaliteHide

IMA1983-084

Other Language Names for CupaliteHide

German:Cupalit

Spanish:Cupalita

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

1.AA.05	Aluminium	Al	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05	Copper	Cu	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05	Gold	Au	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05	Lead	Pb	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05	Nickel	Ni	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05	Silver	Ag	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05	UM2004-08-E:AuCuPd	Cu₂PdAu
1.AA.05	UM1991-06-E:AuCu	Au₃Cu
1.AA.05	Copper Group
1.AA.05	Steinhardtite	Al_0.38Ni_0.32Fe_0.30	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Im3m
1.AA.05a	Auricupride Subgroup
1.AA.10a	Auricupride	Cu₃Au	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Pm3m
1.AA.10b	Tetra-auricupride	AuCu	Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/mmm
1.AA.10a	Cuproauride	Cu₃Au
1.AA.10	Nickel Group
1.AA.15	Anyuiite	AuPb₂	Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mcm
1.AA.15	Khatyrkite	(Cu,Zn)Al₂	Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mcm
1.AA.15	Novodneprite	AuPb₃	Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m
1.AA.15	UM1985-02-E:AlZn	(Zn,Cu)Al₂
1.AA.25	Hunchunite	Au₂Pb	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
1.AA.30	Stolperite	AlCu	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Pm3m
1.AA.35	Hollisterite	Al₃Fe	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
1.AA.40	Icosahedrite	Al₆₃Cu₂₄Fe₁₃	Icos. 5 3m : Fm 3 5
1.AA.45	Kryachkoite	(Al,Cu)₆(Fe,Cu)	Orth. mm2 : Cmc2₁
1.AA.50	Proxidecagonite	Al₃₄Ni₉Fe₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for CupaliteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-1171.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for CupaliteHide

Reference List:

Bradley, A.J., Goldschmidt, H.J., Lipson, H. (1938) The intermediate phases in the aluminium-copper system after slow cooling. The Journal of the Institute of Metals: 63: 149-161.

El-Boragy, M., Szepan, R., Schubert, K. (1972) Kristallstruktur von Cu3Al2+ (h) und CuAl (r). Journal of the Less-Common Metals: 29: 133-140.

Hawthorne, Frank C., Fleischer, Michael, Grew, Edward S., Grice, Joel D., Jambor, John L., Puziewicz, J., Roberts, Andrew C., Vanko, D. A., Zilczer, J. A. (1986) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 71. 1277-1282

Ivanova, M.A., Lorenz, C.A., Borisovskiy, S.E., Burmistrov, A.A., Korost, D.V., Korochantsev, A.V., Logunova, M.N., Shornikov, S.I., Petaev, M.I. (2017) Composition and origin of holotype Al-Cu-Zn minerals in relation to quasicrystals in the Khatyrka meteorite. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 52(5), 869-883.

Andronicos, C.L., Bindi, L., Distler, V.V., Hollister, L.S., Lin, C., MacPherson, G.J., Steinhardt, P.J., Yudovskaya, M. (2018) Comment on “Composition and origin of holotype Al-Cu-Zn minerals in relation to quasicrystals in the Khatyrka meteorite” by M. Ivanova et al.(2017). Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 53(11), 2430-2340.

(2023) Cupalite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for CupaliteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Russia (TL)
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Anadyrsky District Iomrautvaam massif ⓘ Khatyrka meteorite (TL)	*Pekov, Igor V. (1998) Minerals first discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union. Ocean Pictures, Moscow. 369pp.* *Bindi, L., Steinhardt, P. J., Yao, N., Lu, P. J. (2011) Icosahedrite, Al₆₃Cu₂₄Fe₁₃, the first natural quasicrystal. American Mineralogist, 96 (5) 928-931 doi:10.2138/am.2011.3758*
Sverdlovsk Oblast Nevyansky District ⓘ Nevyansk	Steffen Möckel analysis

Cupalite

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of CupaliteHide

Classification of CupaliteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Physical Properties of CupaliteHide

Optical Data of CupaliteHide

Chemistry of CupaliteHide

Crystallography of CupaliteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of CupaliteHide

Synonyms of CupaliteHide

Other Language Names for CupaliteHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for CupaliteHide

References for CupaliteHide

Localities for CupaliteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide