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Cassiduloida

Photos

Photo Gallery

Rhyncholampas gouldii

Florida, USA

Rhyncholampas gouldii

Zephyrhills, Pasco County, Florida, USA

Rhyncholampas gouldii

Florida, USA

Rhyncholampas gouldii

Zephyrhills, Pasco County, Florida, USA

Rhyncholampas gouldii

Florida, USA

Rhyncholampas gouldii

Zephyrhills, Pasco County, Florida, USA

Description

Cassiduloida is an order of sea urchins. The group was extremely diverse with many families and species during the Mesozoic, but today, only seven extant species remain.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassiduloida, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	813	https://www.gbif.org/species/813
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	33187	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=33187

Rank

order

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cassiduloida

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cassiduloida

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ambulacraria
phylum	Echinodermata	Klein 1754
subphylum	Echinozoa	von Zittel 1895
class	Echinoidea
subclass	Euechinoidea	Bronn 1860
superorder	Acroechinoidea
-	Carinacea	Kroh and Smith 2010
-	Irregularia
-	Microstomata	Smith 1984
-	Neognathostomata	Smith 1981
order	Cassiduloida	Agassiz and Desor 1847

Scientific Name

Cassiduloida

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Cassiduloida	order	belongs to Atelostomata	stated without evidence	Larrain and Biró-Bagóczky, 1985
Cassiduloida	order	belongs to Irregularia	stated with evidence	Smith, 1991
Cassiduloida	order	belongs to Echinoidea	stated with evidence	Donovan, 1993
Cassiduloida	order	belongs to Irregularia	stated with evidence	Smith, 1995
Cassiduloida	order	belongs to Echinoidea	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Cassiduloida	order	belongs to Atelostomata	stated without evidence	Berndt, 2003
Cassiduloida	order	belongs to Echinoidea	stated without evidence	Manso and Andrade, 2008
Cassiduloida	order	belongs to Neognathostomata	stated with evidence	Kroh and Smith, 2010

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

11 (13%)

First Recorded Appearance

145 - 125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Environment

marine (based on Echinodermata)

Motility

slow-moving

Vision

limited (based on Echinoidea)

Diet

detritivore

Reproduction

dispersal=water,planktonic (based on Echinodermata)

Ontogeny

accretion,addition of parts (based on Echinodermata)

Taphonomy

high Mg calcite

Primary Reference (PBDB)

L. Agassiz and P. J. E. Desor. 1847. Catalogue raisonné des familles, des genres, et des espèces de la classe des échinodermes. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Troisième Série, Zoologie 7-8

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassiduloida

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Cassidulina suborder	listed (PBDB)		156	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Neolampadina suborder	listed (PBDB)		63	59.2 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Apatopygidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	55.8 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Archiaciidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		33	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cassidulidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		156	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Clypeidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		114	174 Ma Middle Jurassic	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Clypeolampadidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		11	89.8 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Neolampadidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		63	59.2 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Nucleolitidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		362	174 Ma Middle Jurassic	23.0 Ma Miocene
Pliolampadidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Anochanus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Astropygaulus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Bothryopneutes ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Calilampus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Centropygus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Clarkiella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		4	101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Claviaster ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Clypeanthus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Colliclypeus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Conoclypeus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	56.0 Ma Paleocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Eogaleropygus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Gentilia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gitolampas ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		11	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	47.8 Ma Eocene
Hardouinia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		98	145 Ma Late Jurassic	59.2 Ma Paleocene
Heteronucleus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Kassandrina genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Laticlypus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Lovenilampas ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Ovulechinus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	83.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	83.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Platypygus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		3	55.8 Ma Eocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Procassidulus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		15	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	28.4 Ma Oligocene
Pseudonucleus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pygurostoma ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		9	83.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Rostropygus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Stegopygus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Tropholampas genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1847	Cassiduloida Agassiz and Desor
1985	Cassiduloida Larrain and Biró-Bagóczky p. 1410
1991	Cassiduloida Smith p. 37
1993	Cassiduloida Donovan p. 99
1995	Cassiduloida Smith p. 189
2002	Cassiduloida Sepkoski, Jr.
2003	Cassiduloida Berndt p. 87
2008	Cassiduloida Manso and Andrade p. 322
2010	Cassiduloida Kroh and Smith p. 171

References

Agassiz L., Desor P. J. E. Catalogue raisonné des familles, des genres, et des espèces de la classe des échinodermes, Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Troisième Série, Zoologie 7-8

Larrain A. P., Biró-Bagóczky L. (1985) New Pygurus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) from the Tithonian of central Chile: first record from the Jurassic of the southern hemisphere, Journal of Paleontology 59 6, 1409-1413

Smith A. B. (1991) Taxonomic descriptions, in Cretaceous echinoids from north-eastern Brazil, Fossils and Strata 31, 1-88

Donovan S. K. (1993) Jamaican Cretaceous Echinoidea, Geological Society of America Memoir 182, 93-103

Smith A. B. (1995) Late Campanian-Maastrichtian echinoids from the United Arab Emirates-Oman border region, Bulletin of the Natural History Museum (Geology Series) 51, 121-240

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Berndt R. (2003) Cenomanian echinoids from Southern Jordan, N. Jb. Geol. Palaont. Mh 2003 2, 73-90

Manso C. L. C., Andrade E. J. (2008) Equinoides do Turoniano (Cretaceo Superior) de Sergipe, Brasil, São Paulo, UNESP, Geociencias 27 3, 319-327

Kroh A., Smith A. B. (2010) The phylogeny and classification of post-Palaeozoic echinoids, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 8 2, 147-212 doi:10.1080/14772011003603556

Hansson, H.G. (2001). Echinodermata, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,. 50: pp. 336-351. - via World Register of Marine Species

Kroh, A. & Smith, A.B. (2010): The phylogeny and classification of post-Palaeozoic echinoids. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 8/2: 147-212. - via World Register of Marine Species

Serafy, D. Keith, 1979: Echinoids (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises, vol. V, pt. III. 1-120. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Fell, F. Julian / Parker, Sybil P., ed., 1982: Echinodermata. Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms, vol. 2. 785-813. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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