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Actiniaria

Description

Sea anemones are a group of marine, predatory animals of the order Actiniaria. They are named after the anemone, a terrestrial flowering plant, because of the colourful appearance of many. Sea anemones are classified in the phylum Cnidaria, class Anthozoa, subclass Hexacorallia. As cnidarians, sea anemones are related to corals, jellyfish, tube-dwelling anemones, and Hydra. Unlike jellyfish, sea anemones do not have a medusa stage in their life cycle.


From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actiniaria, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.
Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)705https://www.gbif.org/species/705
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)4786https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=4786
Rankorder
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Actiniaria
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
phylumCnidariaHatschek 1888
classAnthozoaEhrenberg 1834
orderActiniaria
Common Namesea anemone
Scientific NameActiniaria
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Actiniariaorderbelongs to Anthozoasecond handSepkoski, 2002
Actiniariaorderbelongs to AnthozoaimpliedBambach et al., 2007
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)4
Extant Size (PBDB)1 (25%)
First Recorded Appearance635 - 541 Ma
Neoproterozoic
Motilitystationary, attached
Visionblind (based on Anthozoa)
Dietsuspension feeder
Ecospace CommentsECOSPACE CODE: 365
Primary Reference (PBDB)J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560
Common Name(s) Anemones, Sea Anemones, Actinies, Anémones, Sea Anemone, Seeanemonen, Zeeanemonen, イソギンチャク, Havsanemoner, Actinians
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actiniaria

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Acontiophoridae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Acricoactinidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Actinernidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Actiniidae
family		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		10.01 Ma
Pleistocene		0 Ma
Extant
Actinodendridae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Actinoscyphiidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Actinostolidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Aiptasiidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Aiptasiomorphidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Aliciidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Amphianthidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Andresiidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Andvakiidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Antheidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Antheomorphidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Antipodactinidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Aurelianidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Bathyphelliidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Boloceroididae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Capneidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Condylanthidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Diadumenidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Edwardsiidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Exocoelactiidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Exocoelactinidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Galatheanthemidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Gonactiniidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Halcampidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Halcampulactidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Halcuriidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Haliactinidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Haliplanellidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Haloclavidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Homostichanthidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Hormathiidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Ilyanthidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Iosactiidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Iosactinidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Isanthidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Isophelliidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Kadosactinidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Limnactiniidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Liponematidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Metridiidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Minyadidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Nemanthidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Nevadneidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Octineonidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Oractiidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Ostiactinidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Paractidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Phelliidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Phymanthidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Polyopidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Preactiniidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Ptychodactinidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Relicanthidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Sagartiidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Sagartiomorphidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Sarcophinanthidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Spongiactinidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Stichodactylidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Thalassianthidae
family		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Actinodactylus
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Anactis
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Archisaccophyllia
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Beltanelliformis ✝
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		17635 Ma
Neoproterozoic		635 Ma
Neoproterozoic
Chermadion
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Chrysoela
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Corticifera
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Cyrtactis
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Cystiactis
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Eumenides
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Halcampomorphe
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Inaria
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Kalliphobe
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Leiotealia
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Mackenzia ✝
genus		doubtful (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		2513 Ma
Cambrian		513 Ma
Cambrian
Nemactis
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Paractis
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Petalactis
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Physactis
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Robsonactis
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Spyractis
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Taractostephanus
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Thelactis
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Tilesia
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Urtica
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Williamsactis
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Xianguangia
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
2002Actiniaria Sepkoski, Jr.
2007Actinaria Bambach et al. p. S80

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560
Bambach R. K., Bush A. M., et al (2007) Supplement to Autecology and the filling of ecospace: Key metazoan radiations, Palaeontology 50 1, 1-22
Manuel, R.L. (1981) - via Taxa Watermanagement the Netherlands (TWN)
Daly, M., M.R. Brugler, P. Cartwright, A.G. Collins, M.N. Dawson, D.G. Fautin, S.C. France, C.S. McFadden, D.M. Opresko, E. Rodriquez, S.L. Romano, J.L. Stake. (2007). The phylum Cnidaria: A review of phylogenetic patterns and diversity 300 years after Linnaeus. Zootaxa. (1668): 127-182. - via World Register of Marine Species
Hayward, P.J.; Ryland, J.S. (Ed.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. ISBN 0-19-857356-1. 627 pp. - via World Register of Marine Species
Leeuwis, Rob (2002) - via Taxa Watermanagement the Netherlands (TWN)
Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. - via World Register of Marine Species
WoRMS (2015) Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/ - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
Hansson, Hans G. (2008) "MESS - Marina Evertebrater från Södra Skandinavien (Marine Invertebrates from South Scandinavia) - a teaching aid for students. Marina syd-skandinaviska ""evertebrater"", ett naturhistoriskt urval. Web-upplaga mars 2008. http://www.tmbl.gu.se/staff/HansGHanssonP.html" - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
Daly, M., M.R. Brugler, P. Cartwright, A.G. Collins, M.N. Dawson, D.G. Fautin, S.C. France, C.S. McFadden, D.M. Opresko, E. Rodriquez, S.L. Romano, J.L. Stake. (2007). The phylum Cnidaria: A review of phylogenetic patterns and diversity 300 years after Linnaeus. Zootaxa. (1668): 127-182. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)
Hayward, P.J.; Ryland, J.S. (Ed.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. ISBN 0-19-857356-1. 627 pp. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)
Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
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