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Placodus gigas

Description

Placodus (meaning 'flat tooth') was a genus of marine reptiles, belonging to the order Placodontia, which swam in the shallow seas of the middle Triassic period (c. 240 million years ago). Fossils of Placodus have been found in Central Europe (Germany, France, Poland) and China.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)5935995https://www.gbif.org/species/5935995
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)95794https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=95794
Rankspecies
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Placodontidae : Placodus : Placodus gigas
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Placodontia : Placodontidae : Placodus : Placodus gigas
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
orderSauropterygiaOwen 1861
-PlacodontiformesNeenan et al. 2013
orderPlacodontiaCope 1871
superfamilyPlacodontoideaNopcsa 1923
familyPlacodontidaeCope 1871
genusPlacodusAgassiz 1843
speciesPlacodus gigasAgassiz 1833
Generic NamePlacodus
Scientific NamePlacodus gigas Agassiz, 1833
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Placodus gigasspeciesbelongs to Placodusstated without evidenceAgassiz, 1833
Placodus gigasspeciesbelongs to Placodusstated with evidenceKuhn, 1971
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)1
First Recorded Appearance247 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Last Recorded Appearance242 - 237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Environmentmarine (based on Sauropterygia)
Motilityslow-moving (based on Placodontidae)
Visionwell-developed (based on Placodontidae)
Dietdurophage (based on Placodontidae)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. Owen. 1861. Palaeontology, or a Systematic Summary of Extinct Animals and their Geological Relations. Second Edition. Adam and Charles Black, Edinburgh
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placodus_gigas

Fossil Distribution

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Placodus hypsiceps Meyer, 1863GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Placodontidae : Placodus : Placodus hypsiceps
Placodus antiquior Pinna, 1990GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Placodontidae : Placodus : Placodus antiquior
Placodus quinmolaris Braun, 1863GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Placodontidae : Placodus : Placodus quinmolaris
Placodus hypsicephalus Meyer, 1863GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Placodontidae : Placodus : Placodus hypsicephalus

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1833Placodus gigas Agassiz
1861Placodus gigas Owen p. 238
1863Placodus quinmolaris Braun
1863Placodus hypsicephalus Braun p. 10
1863Placodus hypsiceps Meyer
1905Anomosaurus strunzi Huene p. 331 figs. Figs 1-13; Plates 5-7
1936Placodus antiquior Huene p. 149 figs. Fig. 1
YearName and Author
1971Placodus antiquior Kuhn p. 20
1971Placodus gigas Kuhn p. 20
1990Placodus antiquior Pinna p. 149 figs. Fig. 1
1994Placodus gigas Rieppel p. 41 fig. 41
1995Placodus gigas Rieppel pp. 2-3, 5
2002Omphalosaurus peyeri Maisch and Lehmann

References

Owen R. , Palaeontology, or a Systematic Summary of Extinct Animals and their Geological Relations. Second Edition. Adam and Charles Black, Edinburgh, 1-463
Kuhn O. (1971) , Die Saurier der deutschen Trias [Reptiles of the German Triassic], 1-105
Rieppel O. (1994) Osteology of Simosaurus gaillardoti and the relationships of stem-group Sauropterygia, Fieldiana: Geology, new series 28, 1-85
Rieppel O. (1995) The genus Placodus: systematics, morphology, paleobiogeography, and paleobiology, Fieldiana: Geology, new series 31, 1-44
Maisch M. W., Lehmann J. (2002) A new basal omphalosaurid from the Middle Triassic of Germany, Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Monatshefte 9, 513-525
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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