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Heptodon ✝

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Description

Heptodon is an extinct genus of tapir-type herbivore of the family Helaletidae endemic to North America during the Early Eocene. It lived from 50.3—48.6 mya, existing for approximately 1.7 million years.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heptodon, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4830327	https://www.gbif.org/species/4830327
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	43095	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=43095

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Helaletidae : Heptodon

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Heptodon

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
-	Placentalia	Owen 1837
order	Perissodactyla
-	Tapiromorpha
-	Ceratomorpha
superfamily	Tapiroidea	Gill 1872
genus	Heptodon	Cope 1882

Scientific Name

Heptodon Cope, 1882

Name Published In

Amer. Natural., 16,

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Heptodon	genus	belongs to Ceratomorpha	stated without evidence	Cope, 1882
Heptodon	genus	belongs to Lophiodontidae	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Heptodon	genus	belongs to Helaletidae	stated with evidence	Radinsky, 1963
Heptodon	genus	belongs to Helaletinae	stated with evidence	Radinsky, 1966
Heptodon	genus	belongs to Tapiridea	stated without evidence	Prothero and Schoch, 1989
Heptodon	genus	belongs to Ceratomorpha	stated with evidence	Colbert and Schoch, 1998
Heptodon	genus	belongs to Heptodontidae	stated with evidence	Holbrook, 1999
Heptodon	genus	belongs to Tapiroidea	stated with evidence	Hooker and Dashzeveg, 2004

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

55.8 - 50.3 Ma
Eocene

Last Recorded Appearance

50.3 - 46.2 Ma
Eocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Eutheria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

browser (based on Tapiroidea)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

E. D. Cope. 1882. Two new genera of Mammalia from the Wasatch Eocene. American Naturalist 16(12):1029

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heptodon

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Heptodon minimus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	55.8 Ma Eocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Heptodon niushanensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	55.8 Ma Eocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Heptodon tianshanensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Lophiodon calciculus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		56	55.8 Ma Eocene	50.3 Ma Eocene
Pachynolophus posticus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		24	55.8 Ma Eocene	50.3 Ma Eocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1882	Heptodon Cope
1902	Heptodon Hay p. 625
1963	Heptodon Radinsky p. 24
1966	Heptodon Radinsky p. 633
1989	Heptodon Prothero and Schoch p. 533
1998	Heptodon Colbert and Schoch p. 573
1999	Heptodon Holbrook p. 347
2004	Heptodon Hooker and Dashzeveg p. 1377
2005	Heptodon Colbert p. 12

References

Cope E. D. Two new genera of Mammalia from the Wasatch Eocene, American Naturalist 16 12, 1029

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Radinsky L. B. (1963) Origin and Early Evolution of North American Tapiroidea, Peabody Museum of Natural History Bulletin 17, 1-118

Radinsky L. B. (1966) The families of the Rhinocerotoidea (Mammalia, Perissodactyla), Journal of Mammalogy 47 4, 631-639

Prothero D. R., Schoch R. M. (1989) Origin and evolution of the Perissodactyla: Summary and Synthesis, The Evolution of Perissodactyls, 530-529

Colbert M. W., Schoch R. M. (1998) Tapiroidea and other moropomorphs, Evolution of Tertiary mammals of North America, 569-582

Holbrook L. T. (1999) The Pphylogeny and classification of tapiromorph perissodactyls (Mammalia), Cladistics 15 3, 331-350

Hooker J. J., Dashzeveg D. (2004) The origin of chalicotheres (Perissodactyla, Mammalia), Palaeontology 47 6, 1363-1387 doi:10.1111/j.0031-0239.2004.00421.x

Colbert M. W. (2005) The facial skeleton of the early Oligocene Colodon (Perissodactyla, Tapiroidea), Palaeontologia Electronica 8 1, 1-27

Amer. Natural., 16, - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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