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Spinosuchus

Description

Spinosuchus (meaning "spined crocodile") is an extinct genus of trilophosaurid allokotosaur from the Late Triassic of Texas, southern United States. It has been assigned to a variety of groups over its history, from coelophysid dinosaur to pseudosuchian to uncertain theropod dinosaur and to Proterosuchidae. This uncertainty is not unusual, given that it was only known from a poorly preserved, wall-mounted, partial vertebral column of an animal that lived in a time of diverse, poorly known reptile groups. However, newly collected material and recent phylogenetic studies of early archosauromorphs suggest that is represents an advance trilophosaurid very closely related to Trilophosaurus.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4819201https://www.gbif.org/species/4819201
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)65105https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=65105
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Trilophosauridae : Spinosuchus
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Trilophosauridae : Spinosuchus
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
familyTrilophosauridaeGregory 1945
genusSpinosuchusvon Huene 1932
Scientific NameSpinosuchus von Huene, 1932
Name Published Inin Soergel, Mon. Geol. Palaeont., Pt. 1
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Spinosuchusgenusbelongs to Saurischiastated without evidenceHuene, 1940
Spinosuchusgenusbelongs to PodokesauridaeimpliedRomer, 1956
Spinosuchusgenusbelongs to Podokesauridaestated with evidenceTatarinov, 1964
Spinosuchusgenusbelongs to ProcompsognathidaeimpliedRomer, 1966
Spinosuchusgenusbelongs to Podokesauridaestated without evidenceSteel, 1970
Spinosuchusgenusbelongs to Archosauromorphastated without evidenceMurry and Long, 1997
Spinosuchusgenusbelongs to Archosauriformesstated without evidenceNesbitt et al., 2007
Spinosuchusgenusbelongs to Trilophosauridaestated with evidenceSpielmann et al., 2009
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)2
First Recorded Appearance237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Last Recorded Appearance228 - 209 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Environmentterrestrial (based on Diapsida)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)F. v. Huene. 1932. Die fossile Reptil-Ordnung Saurischia, ihre Entwicklung und Geschichte [The fossil reptile order Saurischia, their development and history]. Monographien zur Geologie und Palaeontologie, serie 1 4(1-2):1-361
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinosuchus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Spinosuchus caseanus
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
4237 Ma
Middle Triassic
228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1932Spinosuchus Huene p. 37 fig. 4
1940Spinosuchus Huene p. 284
1956Spinosuchus Romer p. 611
1964Spinosuchus Tatarinov p. 530
1966Spinosuchus Romer p. 369
1970Spinosuchus Steel p. 12
1978Spinosuchus Anderson and Cruickshank p. 31
1997Spinosuchus Murry and Long p. 192
2007Spinosuchus Nesbitt et al. p. 225
2009Spinosuchus Spielmann et al.

References

Huene F. v. (1932) Die fossile Reptil-Ordnung Saurischia, ihre Entwicklung und Geschichte [The fossil reptile order Saurischia, their development and history], Monographien zur Geologie und Palaeontologie, serie 1 4 1-2, 1-361
Romer A. S. (1956) , Osteology of the Reptiles, University of Chicago Press, 1-772
Tatarinov L. P. (1964) Nadotryad Dinosauria. Dinozavry [Superorder Dinosauria. Dinosaurs], Osnovy Paleontologii [Fundamentals of Paleontology] 12, 523-589
Romer A. S. (1966) , Vertebrate Paleontology, 3rd edition, 1-468
Steel R. (1970) Part 14. Saurischia, Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie/Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1-87
Nesbitt S. J., Irmis R. B., et al (2007) A critical re-evaluation of the Late Triassic dinosaur taxa of North America, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 5 2, 209-243
Spielmann J. A., Lucas S. G., et al (2009) Redescription of Spinosuchus caseanus (Archosauromorpha: Trilophosauridae) from the Upper Triassic of North America, Palaeodiversity 2, 283-313
NZ cross ref or inferred from publ. title - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Nomenclator Zoologicus (authority adjusted) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
in Soergel, Mon. Geol. Palaeont., Pt. 1 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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