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Parengonoceras ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4625696	https://www.gbif.org/species/4625696
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	15362	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=15362

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Knemiceratidae : Parengonoceras

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Knemiceratidae : Parengonoceras

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Cephalopoda	Cuvier 1797
subclass	Ammonoidea
order	Ammonitida	Hyatt 1889
suborder	Ammonitina	Hyatt 1889
superfamily	Engonoceratoidea	Hyatt 1903
family	Knemiceratidae	Hyatt 1903
genus	Parengonoceras	Spath 1924

Scientific Name

Parengonoceras Spath, 1924

Name Published In

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 14

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Parengonoceras	genus	belongs to Engonoceratidae	stated with evidence	Benavides-Caceres, 1956
Parengonoceras	genus	belongs to Engonoceratidae	stated without evidence	Renz, 1982
Parengonoceras	genus	belongs to Engonoceratidae	stated with evidence	Wright et al., 1996
Parengonoceras	genus	belongs to Ammonoidea	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Parengonoceras	genus	belongs to Knemiceratidae	stated with evidence	Bulot, 2010

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

113 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Last Recorded Appearance

105 - 100 Ma
Cretaceous

Motility

fast-moving (based on Ammonoidea)

Vision

well-developed (based on Cephalopoda)

Diet

carnivore (based on Ammonoidea)

Taphonomy

aragonite (based on Ammonoidea)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

L. F. Spath. 1924. On a new ammonite (Engonoceras iris, sp. nov.) from the Gault of Folkestone. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London, (Ninth Series) 14:504-508

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Parengonoceras algerianum ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Parengonoceras bussoni ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Parengonoceras caneroti ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Parengonoceras champaraense ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	109 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	109 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Parengonoceras duartei ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Parengonoceras ebrayi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	112 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	112 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Parengonoceras guadaloupaeforme ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Parengonoceras haasi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	112 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	112 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Parengonoceras mahmoudi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Parengonoceras pernodosum ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	109 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Parengonoceras roemeri ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	112 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	112 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Parengonoceras ziczag ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1924	Parengonoceras Spath p. 508
1956	Parengonoceras Benavides-Caceres p. 444
1982	Parengonoceras Renz p. 31
1996	Parengonoceras Wright et al. p. 130
1998	Parengonoceras Kennedy et al. p. 20
2002	Parengonoceras Sepkoski, Jr.
2010	Parengonoceras Bulot

References

Spath L. F. (1924) On a new ammonite (Engonoceras iris, sp. nov.) from the Gault of Folkestone, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London, (Ninth Series) 14, 504-508

Benavides-Caceres V.E. (1956) Cretaceous system in northern Peru, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 108 4, 1-493

Renz O. (1982) , The Cretaceous ammonites of Venezuela, 1-132

Wright C. W., Calloman J. H., et al (1996) Cretaceous Ammonoidea, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology L 4, 1-362

Kennedy W. J., Landman N. H., et al (1998) Engonoceratid ammonites from the Glen Rose Limestone, Walnut Clay, Goodland Limestone, and Comanche Peak Limestone (Albian) in Texas, American Museum Novitates 3221, 1-40

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Bulot L. G. (2010) Systematic palaeontology of Aptian and Albian ammonites from southwest Iran, GeoArabia, Special Publication 4 1, 167-195

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 14 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

GBIF/Paleo Database - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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