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Gigatitan

Description

Gigatitan is an extinct genus of titanopteran insect that lived in Kyrgyzstan during the Triassic period. The type species is G. vulgaris, described by Aleksandr Grigorevich Sharov in 1968. Fossils of Gigatitan have been found in the Madygen Formation. In life, Gigatitan was a mantis-like predator with a wingspan of approximately 33 centimetres (13 in). Its forelimbs were similarly enlarged and bore spines for prey capture. The ovipositor of Gigatitan bore sharp cutting ridges. These were likely used to excise holes in plant matter for oviposition, similar to some modern Orthoptera . It is the type genus of the family Gigatitanidae, in which the closely related Nanotitan and Ootitan are also included.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4403465https://www.gbif.org/species/4403465
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)193086https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=193086
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Mesotitanidae : Gigatitan
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-Bilateria
-EubilateriaAx 1987
-ProtostomiaGrobben 1908
-Ecdysozoa
-Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
subphylumMandibulata
-Pancrustacea
superclassHexapodaLatreille 1825
-CercofilataKukalová-Peck 1987
classInsectaLinnaeus 1758
-Dicondylia
-ParanotaliaSroka et al. 2014
subclassPterygotaBrauer 1885
-NeopterygotaCrampton 1924
infraclassNeopteraMartynov 1923
-PolyneopteraMartynov 1938
superorderOrthopteridaBoudreaux 1979
orderOrthopteraOlivier 1789
suborderTitanoptera
superfamilyTcholmanvissioideaZalessky 1934
familyMesotitanidaeTillyard 1925
subfamilyMesotitaninaeGorochov 2003
tribeMesotitaniniTillyard 1925
genusGigatitanSharov 1968
Scientific NameGigatitan Sharov, 1968
Name Published InSharov. 1968. Filogniya orthopteroidnykh nasekomykh [1971 English translation: Phylogeny of the Orthopteroidea]. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta, Akademiia Nauk SSSR [= Transactions of the Institute of Paleontology, USSR Academy of Sciences] (Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta) 118:1-216 [251pp]
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Gigatitangenusbelongs to Gigatitanidaestated with evidenceSharov, 1968
Gigatitangenusbelongs to Mesotitaninistated with evidenceBéthoux, 2007
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)6
First Recorded Appearance237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Last Recorded Appearance237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Type SpecimenGigatitan vulgaris Sharov, 1968
Designated BySharov. 1968. Filogniya orthopteroidnykh nasekomykh [1971 English translation: Phylogeny of the Orthopteroidea]. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta, Akademiia Nauk SSSR [= Transactions of the Institute of Paleontology, USSR Academy of Sciences] (Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta) 118:200[207]
Type Information SourceOrthoptera Species File
Environmentterrestrial (based on Insecta)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Arthropoda)
Taphonomychitin (based on Insecta)
Primary Reference (PBDB)A. G. Sharov. 1968. Filogeniya ortopteroidnykh nasekomykh. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 118:1-216
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigatitan

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Gigatitan extensus
species
listed (PBDB)2237 Ma
Middle Triassic
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Gigatitan magnificus
species
listed (PBDB)2237 Ma
Middle Triassic
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Gigatitan ovatus
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1237 Ma
Middle Triassic
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Gigatitan similis
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1237 Ma
Middle Triassic
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Gigatitan vulgaris
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3237 Ma
Middle Triassic
237 Ma
Middle Triassic

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1968Gigatitan Sharov
2007Gigatitan Béthoux p. 154

References

Sharov A. G. (1968) Filogeniya ortopteroidnykh nasekomykh, Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 118, 1-216
Béthoux O. (2007) Cladotypic Taxonomy Applied: Titanopterans are Orthopterans, Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 65 2, 135-156
Sharov. 1968. Filogniya orthopteroidnykh nasekomykh [1971 English translation: Phylogeny of the Orthopteroidea]. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta, Akademiia Nauk SSSR [= Transactions of the Institute of Paleontology, USSR Academy of Sciences] (Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta) 118:200[207] - via Orthoptera Species File
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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