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Livonia
| Description | Livonia (Livonian: Līvõmō, Estonian: Liivimaa, Finnish: Liivinmaa, German and Scandinavian languages: Livland, archaic German Liefland, Latvian and Lithuanian: Livonija, Polish: Inflanty, archaic English Livland, Liwlandia; Russian: Лифляндия, romanized: Liflyandiya) is a historical region on the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea. It is named after the Livonians, who lived on the shores of present-day Latvia. From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livonia, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source Data |
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| Rank | genus | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Livonia | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification (PBDB,GBIF) |
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| Scientific Name | Livonia Gray, 1855 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name Published In | List Moll. Coll. Brit. Mus., 1, Volut. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opinions (PBDB) |
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| Status (PBDB) | extant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Extant Size (PBDB) | 1 (20%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First Recorded Appearance | 28.4 - 23.0 Ma Cenozoic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Motility | actively mobile (based on Volutidae) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vision | limited (based on Gastropoda) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diet | carnivore (based on Volutidae) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taphonomy | aragonite (based on Gastropoda) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livonia |
Fossil Distribution
Subtaxa
| Name | Status | Common Name(s) | Fossil Occurrences | Oldest | Youngest |
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| Livonia joerinkensi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Livonia limpusi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Livonia mammilla species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Livonia mervcooperi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Livonia nodiplicata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Livonia roadnightae species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pterospira alticostata ✝ species | listed (PBDB) | 2 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 16.0 Ma Miocene | |
| Pterospira hannafordi ✝ species | listed (PBDB) | 2 | 16.0 Ma Miocene | 16.0 Ma Miocene | |
| Pterospira mortoni ✝ species | listed (PBDB) | 1 | 16.0 Ma Miocene | 16.0 Ma Miocene | |
| Pterospira stephensi ✝ species | listed (PBDB) | 1 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 23.0 Ma Miocene | |
| Voluta alticostata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Voluta hannafordi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Voluta mortoni species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Voluta stephensi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
Obsolete Names
| Name | Source | Taxon Rank | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cottonia Iredale, 1934 | GBIF | genus | Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Cottonia |
| Mamillana Crosse, 1871 | GBIF | genus | Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Mamillana |
Synonymy List
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 1855 | Livonia Gray |
| 1871 | Mamillana Crosse |
| 1897 | Pterospira Harris |
| 1934 | Cottonia Iredale |
| 1994 | Livonia Wilson p. 124 |
| 2002 | Cottonia Sepkoski, Jr. |
| 2002 | Livonia Sepkoski, Jr. |
| 2002 | Pterospira Sepkoski, Jr. |
References
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
