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Hemerobiidae

Description
"Hemerobioidea" redirects here. Numerous lacewing families were formerly included there but now are placed elsewhere; see text for details.

Hemerobiidae is a family of Neuropteran insects commonly known as brown lacewings, comprising about 500 species in 28 genera. Most are yellow to dark brown, but some species are green. They are small; most have forewings 4–10 mm long (some up to 18 mm). These insects differ from the somewhat similar Chrysopidae (green lacewings) not only by the usual coloring but also by the wing venation: hemerobiids differ from chrysopids in having numerous long veins (two or more radial sectors) and forked costal cross veins. Some genera (Hemerobius, Micromus, Notiobiella, Sympherobius, Wesmaelius) are widespread, but most are restricted to a single biogeographical realm. Some species have reduced wings to the degree that they are flightless. Imagines (adults) of subfamily Drepanepteryginae mimic dead leaves. Hemerobiid larvae are usually less hairy than chrysopid larvae.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)3532https://www.gbif.org/species/3532
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)133985https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=133985
Rankfamily
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Hemerobiidae
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-Bilateria
-EubilateriaAx 1987
-ProtostomiaGrobben 1908
-Ecdysozoa
-Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
subphylumMandibulata
-Pancrustacea
superclassHexapodaLatreille 1825
-CercofilataKukalová-Peck 1987
classInsectaLinnaeus 1758
-Dicondylia
-ParanotaliaSroka et al. 2014
subclassPterygotaBrauer 1885
-NeopterygotaCrampton 1924
infraclassNeopteraMartynov 1923
-Holometabola
-Aparaglossata
superorderNeuropterida
-EidoneuropteraEngel et al. 2018
orderNeuropteraLinnaeus 1758
-EuneuropteraEngel et al. 2018
-NeoneuropteraEngel et al. 2018
superfamilyHemerobioideaLatreille 1802
familyHemerobiidaeLatreille 1802
Common Namebrown lacewing
Scientific NameHemerobiidae
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Hemerobiidaefamilybelongs to Neuropterastated without evidenceCockerell, 1908
Hemerobiidaefamilybelongs to Planipenniastated without evidenceCarpenter, 1992
Hemerobiidaefamilybelongs to Neuropterastated with evidenceArchibald and Mathewes, 2000
Hemerobiidaefamilybelongs to Hemerobioideastated with evidenceEngel and Grimaldi, 2008
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)52
Extant Size (PBDB)12 (23%)
First Recorded Appearance166 - 157 Ma
Jurassic
Environmentterrestrial (based on Insecta)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Arthropoda)
Taphonomychitin (based on Insecta)
Primary Reference (PBDB)P. A. Latreille. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes, Tome Troisième
Common Name(s) Brown Lacewings, Brown Lacewing, Trashbugs, Bruine Gaasvliegen, Florsländor
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemerobiidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Drepanepteryginae
subfamily
listed (PBDB)856.0 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Hemerobiinae
subfamily
listed (PBDB)256.0 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Megalominae
subfamily
listed (PBDB)656.0 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Sympherobiinae
subfamily
listed (PBDB)838.0 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Adelphohemerobius
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Anapsectra
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Austromegalomus
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Biramus
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Bothromicromus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
247.8 Ma
Eocene
33.9 Ma
Oligocene
Brasilopsychopsis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1122 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
122 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Carobius
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Conchopterella
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Cratopsychopsis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1122 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
122 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cretomerobius
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Drepanacra
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Drepanepteryx
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
338.0 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Gayomyia
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Hemeroberotha
genus
listed (PBDB)199.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
99.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hemerobiella
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Hemerobius
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
316.0 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Megalomina
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Megalomus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
656.0 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Mesohemerobius
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1166 Ma
Middle Jurassic
166 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Micromus
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Neomicromus
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Neosympherobius
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Nesobiella
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Neuronema
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
238.0 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Noius
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Nomerobius
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Notherobius
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Notiobiella
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
220.4 Ma
Miocene
20.4 Ma
Miocene
Nusalala
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Plesiorobius
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
385.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Polystoechotes
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
0 Ma
Extant
Prolachlanius
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
538.0 Ma
Eocene
38.0 Ma
Eocene
Promegalomus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1166 Ma
Middle Jurassic
166 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Proneuronema
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
556.0 Ma
Paleocene
38.0 Ma
Eocene
Prospadobius
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
138.0 Ma
Eocene
38.0 Ma
Eocene
Psectra
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Psychobiella
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Purbemerobius
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1145 Ma
Late Jurassic
145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Sympherobius
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
338.0 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Wesmaelius
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
256.0 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Zachobiella
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Promegalomidae GBIFfamilyAnimalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Promegalomidae

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1802Hemerobini Latreille p. 288
1908Hemerobiidae Cockerell
1980Promegalomidae Panfilov p. 87
1992Hemerobiidae Carpenter
2000Hemerobiidae Archibald and Mathewes p. 1448
2008Hemerobiidae Engel and Grimaldi
2018Hemerobiidae Engel et al.

References

Latreille P. A. , Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes, Tome Troisième, 1-467
Cockerell T. D. A. (1908) Fossil Insects from Florissant, Colorado, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 24, 59-69
Panfilov D. V. (1980) New representatives of the Neuropterans (Neuroptera) from the Jurassic of the Karatau region, Fossil insects of the Mesozoic, 82-111
Carpenter F. M. (1992) , Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part R, Arthropoda 4: Superclass Hexapoda 3/4, 1-655
Archibald S. B., Mathewes R. W. (2000) Early Eocene insects from Quilchena, British Columbia, and their paleoclimatic implications, Canadian Journal of Zoology 78, 1441-1462
Engel M. S., Grimaldi D. A. (2008) Diverse Neuropterida in Cretaceous amber, with particular reference to the paleofauna of Myanmar (Insecta), Nova Supplementa Entomologica 20, 1-86
Engel M. S., Winterton S. L., et al (2018) Phylogeny and evolution of Neuropterida: where have wings of lace taken us?, Annual Review of Entomology 63, 531-551
Penny, Norman D., Philip A. Adams, and Lionel A. Stange, 1997: Species catalog of the Neuroptera, Megaloptera, and Raphidioptera of America North of Mexico. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, vol. 50, no. 3. 39-114. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Gärdenfors, Ulf, Hall, Ragnar, Hallingbäck, Tomas, Hansson, Hans G. & Hedström, Lars (2003) Djur, svampar och växter i Sverige 2003. Förteckning över antal arter per familj. ArtDatabanken Rapporterar 5, ArtDatabanken, Uppsala. (reviderad excelfil med svenska djurfamiljer). - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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