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Notharctidae ✝

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Description

Notharctidae is an extinct family of adapiform primates found primarily in North America and Europe.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notharctidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	3239591	https://www.gbif.org/species/3239591
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	91590	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=91590

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Notharctidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
order	Primates	Linnaeus 1758
suborder	Strepsirrhini	Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1812
infraorder	Adapiformes	Hoffstetter 1977
superfamily	Adapoidea	Trouessart 1879
family	Notharctidae	Trouessart 1879

Scientific Name

Notharctidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Notharctidae	subfamily	belongs to Adapidae	stated with evidence	Simpson, 1940
Notharctidae	subfamily	belongs to Adapidae	stated without evidence	Gingerich, 1979
Notharctidae	family	belongs to Adapiformes	stated without evidence	Franzen, 1994
Notharctidae	family	belongs to Adapiformes	stated with evidence	Gebo, 2002
Notharctidae	family	belongs to Adapoidea	stated without evidence	Rose et al., 2007
Notharctidae	family	belongs to Adapiformes	stated without evidence	Gunnell et al., 2008
Notharctidae	family	belongs to Adapoidea	stated with evidence	Rose et al., 2009
Notharctidae	family	belongs to Euprimates	stated with evidence	Franzen et al., 2009
Notharctidae	family	belongs to Primates	stated with evidence	Rose et al., 2012
Notharctidae	family	belongs to Adapoidea	stated with evidence	Fleagle, 2013

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

59.2 - 50.3 Ma
Paleogene

Last Recorded Appearance

33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Mammalia)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

omnivore (based on Primates)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. L. Franzen. 1994. The Messel Primates and Anthropoid Origins. Anthropoid Origins, J. G. Fleagle and R. F. Kay (eds.), Plenum Press

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notharctidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Asiadapinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)	8	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Cercamoniinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)	49	56.0 Ma Paleocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Notharctinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)	26	55.8 Ma Eocene	50.3 Ma Eocene
Pondaunginae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)
Asiadapis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Buxella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	48.6 Ma Eocene	48.6 Ma Eocene
Cantius ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	421	59.2 Ma Paleocene	46.2 Ma Eocene
Copelemur ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	23	55.8 Ma Eocene	50.3 Ma Eocene
Darwinius ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	48.6 Ma Eocene	48.6 Ma Eocene
Europolemur ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	56.0 Ma Paleocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Marcgodinotius ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Notharctus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	105	55.8 Ma Eocene	46.2 Ma Eocene
Pelycodus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	11	56.0 Ma Paleocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Rouzilemur ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Smilodectes ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	59	50.3 Ma Eocene	50.3 Ma Eocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1879	Notharctidae Trouessart
1940	Notharctinae Simpson p. 200
1975	Notharctinae Gingerich p. 168
1979	Notharctinae Gingerich p. 155
1994	Notharctidae Franzen p. 115
2002	Notharctidae Gebo

Year	Name and Author
2007	Notharctidae Rose et al. p. 380
2008	Notharctidae Gunnell et al. p. 4
2009	Notharctidae Franzen et al. p. 5
2009	Notharctidae Rose et al. p. 369
2012	Notharctidae Rose et al.
2013	Notharctidae Fleagle

References

Franzen J. L. (1994) The Messel Primates and Anthropoid Origins, Anthropoid Origins, J. G. Fleagle and R. F. Kay (eds.), Plenum Press, 99-122

Simpson G. G. (1940) Studies on the earliest primates, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 77 4, 185-212

Gingerich P. D. (1975) A new genus of Adapidae (Mammalia, Primates) from the late Eocene of southern France, and its significance for the origin of higher primates, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 24 15, 163-170

Gingerich P. D. (1979) Phylogeny of middle Eocene Adapidae (Mammalia, Primates) in North America: Smilodectes and Notharctus, Journal of Paleontology 53 1, 153-163

Gebo D.L. (2002) Adapiformes: Phylogeny and adaptation, The Primate Fossil Record, 21-43

Rose K. D., Rana R. S., et al (2007) A new adapoid primate from the early Eocene of India, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 31 14, 379-385

Gunnell G. F., Gingerich P. D., et al (2008) New primates (Mammalia) from the early and middle Eocene of Pakistan and their paleobiogeographical implications, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 32 1, 1-14

Franzen J. L., Gingerich P. D., et al (2009) Complete primate skeleton from the Middle Eocene of Messel in Germany: Morphology and Paleobiology, PloSone 4 5, 1-27

Rose K. D., Rana R. S., et al (2009) Early Eocene primates from Gujarat, India, Journal of Human Evolution 56 4, 366-404 doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.01.008

Rose K. D., Chew A. E., et al (2012) Earliest Eocene mammalian fauna from the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum at Sand Creek Divide, southern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 36, 1-122

Fleagle J.G. (2013) Primate adaptation and evolution

web search (AJR) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Maas & O'Leary, 1996 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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