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Lophiodon ✝

Photos

Photo Gallery

Lophiodon sp.

Mücheln, Saalekreis, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany

Lophiodon sp.

Mücheln, Saalekreis, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany

Lophiodon sp.

Mücheln, Saalekreis, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany

Description

Lophiodon is an extinct genus of mammal related to tapirs. It lived in Eocene Europe, and is closely related to Hyrachyus.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lophiodon, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	3239473	https://www.gbif.org/species/3239473
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	43127	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=43127

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Anchilophidae : Lophiodon

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Lophiodontidae : Lophiodon

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
-	Placentalia	Owen 1837
order	Perissodactyla
-	Tapiromorpha
-	Ancylopoda
superfamily	Chalicotherioidea	Gill 1872
family	Lophiodontidae	Gill 1872
subfamily	Lophiodontinae	Cope 1881
genus	Lophiodon	Cuvier 1821-22

Scientific Name

Lophiodon Cuvier, 1821-22

Name Published In

Mém. Acad. R. Sci. Paris, 5, Hist. Ac.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Lophiodon	genus	belongs to Tapirina	stated without evidence	Gray, 1825
Lophiodon	genus	belongs to Perissodactyla	stated without evidence	Owen, 1848
Lophiodon	genus	belongs to Anchitheridae	stated with evidence	Leidy, 1873
Lophiodon	genus	belongs to Lophiodontinae	stated without evidence	Cope, 1881
Lophiodon	genus	belongs to Lophiodontidae	stated with evidence	Scott, 1883
Lophiodon	genus	belongs to Lophiodontidae	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Lophiodon	genus	belongs to Lophiodontidae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Lophiodon	genus	belongs to Lophiodontoidea	stated without evidence	Prothero and Schoch, 1989
Lophiodon	genus	belongs to Lophiodontidae	stated with evidence	Hooker and Dashzeveg, 2004
Lophiodon	genus	belongs to Lophiodontidae	stated without evidence	Franzen, 2004
Lophiodon	genus	belongs to Lophiodontinae	stated with evidence	Robinet et al., 2015

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

56.0 - 48.6 Ma
Eocene

Last Recorded Appearance

37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene

Environment

terrestrial

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

folivore

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

S. G. Lucas. 1984. Early Paleocene vertebrates, stratigraphy and biostratigraphy, West Fork of Gallegos Canyon, San Juan Basin, New Mexico. New Mexico Geology 6(3):56-60

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lophiodon

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Lophiodon ballardi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Lophiodon buchsowillanum ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Lophiodon cuvieri ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	6	56.0 Ma Paleocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Lophiodon eygalayense ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	56.0 Ma Paleocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Lophiodon filholi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Lophiodon filholi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	8	48.6 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Lophiodon isselense ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	6	47.8 Ma Eocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Lophiodon lautricense ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	18	56.0 Ma Paleocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Lophiodon leptorhynchum ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	10	48.6 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Lophiodon parisiense ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Lophiodon parvulum ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Lophiodon remensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	27	56.0 Ma Paleocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Lophiodon rhinocerodes ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	4	47.8 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Lophiodon sardus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Lophiodon thomasi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Tapirotherium Blainville, 1817	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Anchilophidae : *Tapirotherium*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1822	Lophiodon Cuvier
1825	Lophiodon Gray p. 342
1848	Lophiodon Owen p. 139
1873	Lophiodon Leidy p. 327
1881	Lophiodon Cope p. 381
1883	Lophiodon Scott p. 53
1902	Lophiodon Hay p. 624

Year	Name and Author
1986	Lophiodon Hooker p. 374
1988	Lophiodon Carroll
1989	Lophiodon Prothero and Schoch p. 532
2004	Lophiodon Franzen p. 218
2004	Lophiodon Hooker and Dashzeveg p. 1374
2015	Lophiodon Robinet et al.

References

Lucas S. G. (1984) Early Paleocene vertebrates, stratigraphy and biostratigraphy, West Fork of Gallegos Canyon, San Juan Basin, New Mexico, New Mexico Geology 6 3, 56-60

Gray J. E. An outline of an attempt at the disposition of Mammalia into Tribes and Families, with a list of genera apparently appertaining to each Tribe, Annals of Philosophy, new series 10, 337-344

Owen R. Description of teeth and portions of jaws of two extinct Anthracotherioid quadrupeds (Hyopotamus vectianus and Hyop. bovinus) discovered by the Marchioness of Hastings in the Eocene deposits on the NW coast of the Isle of Wight: with an attempt to develope Cuvier's idea of the Classification of Pachyderms by the number of their toes, Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 4, 103-141

Leidy J. Part I. Contributions to the extinct vertebrate fauna of the western territories, Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories 1, 1-358

Cope E. D. The systematic arrangement of the Order Perissodactyla, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 19 108, 377-401

Scott W. B. Two new Eocene lophiodonts, Contributions from the E. M. Museum of Geology and Archeology of Princeton College 3 4, 46-53

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Hooker J. J. (1986) Mammals from the Bartonian (middle/late Eocene) of the Hampshire Basin, southern England, Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 39 4, 191-478

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Prothero D. R., Schoch R. M. (1989) Classification of the Perissodactyla, The Evolution of Perissodactyla, 530-537

Franzen J. L. (2004) First fossil primates from Eckfeld Maar, Middle Eocene (Eifel, Germany), Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 97 2, 213-220

Hooker J. J., Dashzeveg D. (2004) The origin of chalicotheres (Perissodactyla, Mammalia), Palaeontology 47 6, 1363-1387 doi:10.1111/j.0031-0239.2004.00421.x

Robinet C., Remy J. A., et al (2015) A new genus of Lophiodontidae (Perissodactyla, Mammalia) from the early Eocene of La Borie (Southern France) and the origin of the genus Lophiodon Cuvier, 1822, Geobios 48, 25-38

NZ cross ref or inferred from publ. title - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Mém. Acad. R. Sci. Paris, 5, Hist. Ac. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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