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Anguillidae

Description

The Anguillidae are a family of ray-finned fish that contains the freshwater eels. Eighteen of the 19 extant species and six subspecies in this family are in the genus Anguilla. They are elongated fish with snake-like bodies, their long dorsal, caudal and anal fins forming a continuous fringe. They are catadromous fish, spending their adult lives in fresh water, but migrating to the ocean to spawn. Eels are an important food fish and some species are now farm-raised, but not bred in captivity. Many populations in the wild are now threatened, and Seafood Watch recommend consumers avoid eating anguillid eels.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)2949https://www.gbif.org/species/2949
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)265729https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=265729
Rankfamily
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Anguilliformes : Anguillidae
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Anguilliformes : Anguillidae
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
superclassActinopterygii
classActinopteri
subclassNeopterygii
-TeleosteomorphaArratia et al. 2004
-Teleostei
-Elopocephalai
-Elopocephala
-Elopomorpha
orderAnguilliformesGreenwood et al. 1966
familyAnguillidaeRafinesque 1810
Scientific NameAnguillidae
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Anguillidaefamilybelongs to Anguilloideistated without evidenceJordan, 1963
Anguillidaefamilybelongs to Anguilliformesstated with evidenceBetancur-R et al., 2013
Anguillidaefamilybelongs to Anguilliformesstated without evidenceBannikov, 2014
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)3
Extant Size (PBDB)1 (33%)
First Recorded Appearance56.0 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Environmentmarine (based on Vertebrata)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Anguilliformes)
Dietcarnivore (based on Anguilliformes)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. Betancur-R., R. E. Broughton, and E. O. Wiley, K. Carpenter, J. A. López, C. Li, N. I. Holcroft, D. Arcila, M. Sanciangco, J. C. Cureton, F. Zhang, T. Buser, M. A. Campbell, J. A. Ballesteros, A. Roa-Varon, S. Willis, W. C. Borden, T. Rowley, P. C. Reneau, G. Lu, T. Grande, G. Arratia, G. 2013. The tree of life and a new classification of bony fishes. PLOS Currents Tree of Life
Common Name(s) Freshwater Eels, Anguilles D'eau Douce, Anguilas De Río, Egentliga ålar, ålfiskar, Palingen, ålefamilien, ウナギ
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anguillidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Anguilla
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Eoanguilla
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
156.0 Ma
Paleocene
56.0 Ma
Paleocene
Neoanguilla
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1810Anguillidae Rafinesque
1963Anguillidae Jordan p. 630
2003Anguillidae Schwarzhans p. 29
2013Anguillidae Betancur-R. et al.
2014Anguillidae Bannikov p. 25
2014Anguillidae Carnevale et al. p. 41

References

Betancur-R. R., Broughton R. E., et al (2013) The tree of life and a new classification of bony fishes, PLOS Currents Tree of Life doi:10.1371/currents.tol.53ba26640df0ccaee75bb165c8c26288
Jordan D. S. (1963) The Genera of Fishes and a Classification of Fishes, Stanford University Press, 1-816
Schwarzhans W. (2003) Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Denmark, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 2, 1-94
Bannikov A. F. (2014) The systematic composition of the Eocene actinopterygian fish fauna from Monte Bolca, northern Italy, as known to date, Studi e ricerche sui giacimenti terziari di Bolca, XV - Miscellanea paleontologica 12, 23-34
Carnevale G., Bannikov A. F., et al (2014) The Pesciara-Monte Postale Fossil-Lagerstätte: 2. Fishes and other vertebrates, Rendiconti della Società Paleontologica Italiana 4, 37-63
Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes, 2003: null. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Smith, D. G. / Carpenter, Kent E., and Volker H. Niem, eds., 1999: Anguillidae: Freshwater eels. FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes: The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific, vol. 3: Batoid fishes, chimaeras and Bony fishes, part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). 1630-1636. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Matsuura, Keiichi, 2014: Taxonomy and systematics of tetraodontiform fishes: a review. Ichthyological Research, vol. 62, no. 1. 72-113. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Nelson, Joseph S., Edwin J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, et al., eds., 2004: Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico, Sixth Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 29. ix + 386. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Eschmeyer online (Jul 2012) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Nelson, Joseph S., 1994: null. Fishes of the World, Third Edition. xvii + 600. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
FishBase - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Kullander, O, Nyman, Jilg & Delling (2012) Nationalnyckeln till Sveriges flora och fauna. Ryggsträngsdjur: Strålfeniga fiskar. Chordata: Actinopterygii. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
Eschmeyer, W., Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (2012) Family Group Names of Fishes (Draft 2, 2 Oct. 2012). Online: http://research.calacademy.org/ichthyology/catalog/family - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (eds). (2019). Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2019. - via World Register of Marine Species
Van Der Laan, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Fricke, R. (2014). Family-group names of Recent fishes. Zootaxa. 3882(1): 1-230. - via World Register of Marine Species
van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 357-374 - via World Register of Marine Species
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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