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Myrmecophaga tridactyla

Description

The giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), also known as the ant bear, is an insectivorous mammal native to Central and South America. It is one of four living species of anteaters, the only extant member of the genus Myrmecophaga, and is classified with sloths in the order Pilosa. This species is mostly terrestrial, in contrast to other living anteaters and sloths, which are arboreal or semiarboreal. The giant anteater is the biggest of its family, 182 to 217 cm (5.97 to 7.12 ft) in length, with weights of 33 to 50 kg (73 to 110 lb) for males and 27 to 47 kg (60 to 104 lb) for females. It is recognizable by its elongated snout, bushy tail, long fore claws, and distinctively colored pelage.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)2436346https://www.gbif.org/species/2436346
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)48923https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=48923
Rankspecies
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Pilosa : Myrmecophagidae : Myrmecophaga : Myrmecophaga tridactyla
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Xenarthra : Myrmecophagidae : Myrmecophaga : Myrmecophaga tridactyla
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
subclassTribosphenida
infraclassEutheria
-PlacentaliaOwen 1837
-AmericatheriaShockey 2017
-Xenarthra
infraorderPilosaFlower 1883
superfamilyVermilingua
familyMyrmecophagidae
genusMyrmecophagaLinnaeus 1758
speciesMyrmecophaga tridactylaLinnæus 1758
Generic NameMyrmecophaga
Common Namegiant anteater
Scientific NameMyrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758
Name Published InLinnæus, Carolus. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae. Vol. Tomus I, Editio decima, reformata: i-ii, 1-824.
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Myrmecophaga tridactylaspeciesbelongs to Myrmecophagastated without evidenceLinnaeus, 1758
Myrmecophaga tridactylaspeciesbelongs to Tamanduastated with evidenceMatschie, 1894
Myrmecophaga tridactylaspeciesbelongs to Myrmecophagastated with evidenceThomas, 1911
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)1
Extant Size (PBDB)1 (100%)
First Recorded Appearance4.90 - 1.80 Ma
Cenozoic
Environmentterrestrial (based on Eutheria)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietinsectivore (based on Myrmecophagidae)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)C. Linnaeus. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima 1:1-824
Common Name(s) Giant Anteater, Großer Ameisenbär
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myrmecophaga_tridactyla

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Myrmecophaga tridactyla artata
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Myrmecophaga tridactyla centralis
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Myrmecophaga tridactyla tridactyla
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Tamandua tridactyla (Linnaeus, 1758)GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Pilosa : Myrmecophagidae : Myrmecophaga : Tamandua tridactyla
Myrmecophaga centralis Lyon, 1906GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Pilosa : Myrmecophagidae : Myrmecophaga : Myrmecophaga centralis

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1758Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus p. 35
1766Myrmecophaga jubata Linnaeus
1826Myrmecophaga iubata Wied-Neuwied p. 537
1883Myrmecophaga jubata Giebel p. 511
1894Tamandua tridactyla Matschie p. 63
1900Falcifer jubata Rehn p. 576
1906Myrmecophaga centralis Lyon p. 570
1911Myrmecophaga tridactyla Thomas p. 132
1989Myrmecophaga trydactyla Utrera and Ramo p. 65
2007Myrmecophaga tridactyla Smith p. 1

References

Linnaeus C. , Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima 1, 1-824 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.542
Thomas O. (1911) The Mammals of the Tenth Edition of Linnaeus; an Attempt to fix the Types of the Genera and the exact Bases and Localities of the Species, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 81 1, 120-158 doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1911.tb06995.x
Smith P. (2007) Giant anteater Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758, FAUNA Paraguay Handbook of the Mammals of Paraguay 2, 1-18
GARDNER AL. 2008b ( 2007 ). Suborder Vermilingua Illiger, 1811. Pp: 168-177 en: Mammals of South America. Volume 1. Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews, and Bats (AL Gardner, ed.). The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA. 669 pp. - via Mamíferos de Colombia
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
ALBERICO M, A CADENA, JI HERNÁNDEZ-CAMACHO y Y MUÑOZ-SABA. 2000b. Mamíferos (Synapsida: Theria) de Colombia. Biota Colombiana 1:43-75. - via Mamíferos de Colombia
CUERVO DÍAZ A, JI HERNÁNDEZ-CAMACHO y A CADENA. 1986. Lista actualizada de los mamíferos de Colombia: anotaciones sobre su distribución. Caldasia 15:471-501. - via Mamíferos de Colombia
Gardner, Alfred L., ed., 2007: null. Mammals of South America, Vol. 1: Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews, and Bats. xx + 669. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole, 2000: null. Common Names of Mammals of the World. xiv + 204. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. (1992) Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing - via Catalogue of Life
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. (2005) Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2 - via Catalogue of Life
Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole (2000) Common Names of Mammals of the World - via Catalogue of Life
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Direction 22 Addition to the Official List of Specific Names in Zoology of (a) the specific names of fifty-seven species, each of which is the type species of a genus in the class Mammalia, the name of which was placed on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology in the period up to the end of 1936, and (B) of the specific names of two species belonging to the same class, each of which is currently regarded as the oldest available name for the type species of a genus, the name of which was placed on the Official List in the same period.Opinions and declarations rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1C(C13), 179-200 (1955) - via Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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