Quick Links : Mindat手册 The Rock H. Currier Digital Library Mindat Newsletter [Free Download]

主页关于 Mindat Mindat手册 Mindat的历史版权 Who We Are 联系我们于 Mindat.org刊登广告

捐赠给 Mindat Corporate Sponsorship 赞助板页已赞助的板页在 Mindat刊登广告的广告商于 Mindat.org刊登广告

Learning Center What is a mineral?The most common minerals on earth Information for Educators Mindat Articles The Elements The Rock H. Currier Digital Library Geologic Time

搜索矿物的性质搜索矿物的化学 Advanced Locality Search 随意显示任何一种矿物 Random Locality 使用minID搜索邻近产地 Search Articles 搜索词汇表更多搜索选项

Mindat手册添加新照片 Rate Photos 产区编辑报告 Coordinate Completion Report 添加词汇表项目

Mining Companies 统计会员列表 Mineral Museums Clubs & Organizations 矿物展及活动 The Mindat目录表设备设置 The Mineral Quiz

照片搜索 Photo Galleries Search by Color 今天最新的照片昨天最新的照片用户照片相集过去每日精选照片相集 Photography

BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Myliobatidae

Photos

Photo Gallery

Description

The eagle rays are a group of cartilaginous fishes in the family Myliobatidae, consisting mostly of large species living in the open ocean rather than on the sea bottom.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myliobatidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2193	https://www.gbif.org/species/2193
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	80577	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=80577

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Myliobatiformes : Myliobatidae

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Myliobatiformes : Myliobatidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
class	Chondrichthyes	Huxley 1880
subclass	Elasmobranchii	Bonaparte 1838
infraclass	Euselachii
-	Neoselachii	Compagno 1977
-	Batoidea
order	Myliobatiformes	Compagno 1973
suborder	Myliobatoidei	Compagno 1973
family	Myliobatidae	Bonaparte 1838

Common Name

eagle ray

Scientific Name

Myliobatidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Selachii	stated without evidence	Woodward, 1889
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Masticura	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Tectospondyli	stated without evidence	Eastman, 1904
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Selachii	stated without evidence	Andrews, 1906
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Elasmobranchii	stated without evidence	Leriche, 1942
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Masticura	stated without evidence	Jordan, 1963
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Dasyatiformes	stated without evidence	Cassier, 1966
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Myliobatoidea	stated without evidence	Jonet, 1968
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Rajiformes	stated without evidence	Herman, 1975
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Dasyatoidei	stated without evidence	Case, 1979
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Myliobatoidea	stated without evidence	Thurmond and Jones, 1981
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Myliobatiformes	stated without evidence	Cappetta, 1987
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Dasyatoidei	stated without evidence	Case and Schwimmer, 1988
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Myliobatiformes	stated without evidence	Cvancara and Hoganson, 1993
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Rajiformes	stated without evidence	Underwood, 2006
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Myliobatiformes	stated without evidence	Buchanan et al., 2007
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Myliobatoidea	stated without evidence	Kriwet et al., 2007
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Myliobatiformes	stated without evidence	Cicimurri and Knight, 2009
Myliobatidae	family	belongs to Myliobatoidei	stated without evidence	Ebersole et al., 2019

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

107

Extant Size (PBDB)

13 (12%)

First Recorded Appearance

113 - 101 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Environment

marine (based on Vertebrata)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Myliobatiformes)

Diet

carnivore (based on Myliobatiformes)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

C. R. Eastman. 1904. Systematic Paleontology: Pisces. Maryland Geological Survey Miocene, Text

Common Name(s)

Eagle Rays, Manta Rays, örnrockor, ørneskatefamilien, トビエイ, Aigles De Mer, águilas Marinas, Eagle Ray

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myliobatidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Aetobatinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)
Mobulinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		107	56.0 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Myliobatinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		123	58.7 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Rhinopterinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)	Cow-nosed Ray	131	101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Ceratopterina tribe	listed (PBDB)
Myliobatina tribe	listed (PBDB)
Aetobatus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aetomylaeus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apocopodon ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Brachyrhizodus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		16	93.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Garabatis genus	listed (PBDB)		3	47.8 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Hylaeobatis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Igdabatis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		11	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Indomanta genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Leidybatis genus	listed (PBDB)		4	56.0 Ma Paleocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Manta genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Meridiania genus	listed (PBDB)		3	56.0 Ma Paleocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Mesobatis ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Mobula genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Myliobatis genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		326	83.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Plinthicus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		9	28.4 Ma Oligocene	13.8 Ma Miocene
Pseudaetobatus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudohypolophus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		13	113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pteromylaeus genus	listed (PBDB)	Bull Ray	14	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Rhinoptera genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Promyliobatis gazolae ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	56.0 Ma Paleocene	47.8 Ma Eocene

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Myliobatididae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Myliobatiformes : Myliobatididae

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1838	Myliobatidae Bonaparte
1889	Myliobatidae Woodward p. 109
1894	Promyliobatis Jaekel p. 152
1901	Myliobatidae Ameghino p. 82
1902	Myliobatidae Hay p. 319
1904	Myliobatidae Eastman p. 73
1906	Myliobatidae Andrews p. 317
1916	Myliobatidae Woodward p. 19
1942	Myliobatidae Leriche p. 17
1963	Myliobatidae Jordan p. 605
1966	Myliobatidae Cassier p. 92
1968	Myliobatidae Jonet p. 253
1975	Myliobatidae Herman p. 283
1979	Myliobatidae Case p. 85
1981	Myliobatidae Case p. 71
1981	Myliobatidae Thurmond and Jones p. 75

Year	Name and Author
1987	Myliobatidae Cappetta p. 170
1987	Myliobatidae Kumar and Loyal p. 68
1988	Myliobatidae Case and Schwimmer p. 295
1993	Myliobatidae Cvancara and Hoganson p. 11
2001	Myliobatidae Purdy et al. p. 93
2002	Myliobatidae Silva et al. p. 4
2005	Myliobatidae Tabuce et al. p. 387
2006	Myliobatidae Underwood p. 234
2007	Myliobatidae Buchanan et al. p. 35
2007	Myliobatidae Kriwet et al.
2009	Myliobatidae Cicimurri and Knight p. 639
2014	Myliobatidae Carnevale et al. p. 41
2017	Myliobatidae Szabo et al.
2018	Myliobatidae Kent p. 127
2019	Myliobatidae Ebersole et al. p. 123

References

Eastman C. R. (1904) Systematic Paleontology: Pisces, Maryland Geological Survey Miocene, Text, 71-93

Woodward A. S. , Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the British Museum (Natural History) Part 1, 1-613

Jaekel O. , Die eocanen Selachier vom Monte Bolca, 1-176

Ameghino F. (1901) L' age des Formations sedimentaires de Patagonie, Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina 52, 189-197

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Andrews C. W. (1906) , A Descriptive Catalogue of the Tertiary Vertebrata of Fayum, Egypt, 1-324

Woodward A. S. (1916) The fossil fishes of the English Wealden and Purbeck Formations, Palaeontographical Society, London 1915, 1-48

Leriche M. (1942) Contribution a l'etude des faunes ichthyologiques marines des terrains tertiaires de la plaine cotiere Atlantique et du centre des Etats-Unis, Memoires de la Societe Geologique de France (Nouvelle Serie) 45, 1-111

Jordan D. S. (1963) The Genera of Fishes and a Classification of Fishes, Stanford University Press, 1-816

Cassier F. C. (1966) Faune Ichthyologique du London Clay, 1-496

Jonet S. (1968) Notes d'ichthyologie Miocene Portugaise; V, Queleques batoides, Revista de Faculdade de Ciencias 2a Ser. C. Ciencias Naturais 15, 233-257

Herman J. (1975) Les Selaciens de sterrains neocretaces and paleocenes de Belgique and des contrees limitrophes Elements d'une biostratigraphie intercontinentale, Memoires pour servier a l'explications des Cartes geologiques et minieres de la Belgique 15, 1-401

Case G. R. (1979) Cretaceous selachians from the Peedee Formation (Late Maestrichtian) of Duplin County, North Carolina, Brimleyana 2, 77-89

Case G. R. (1981) Late Eocene Selachians from South-Central Georgia, Palaeontographica Abteilung A 176 Lfg. 1-3, 52-79

Thurmond J. T., Jones D. E. (1981) , Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama, 1-244

Cappetta H. (1987) , Handbook of Paleoichthyology: Chondrichthyes II Mesozoic and Cenozoic Elasmobranchii, 1-193

Kumar K., Loyal R. S. (1987) Eocene ichthyofauna from the Subathu Formation, Northwestern Himalaya, India., Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 32, 60-84

Case G. R., Schwimmer D. R. (1988) Late Cretaceous Fish from the Blufftown Formation (Campanian) in Western Georgia, Journal of Paleontology 62 2, 290-301

Cvancara A. M., Hoganson J. W. (1993) Vertebrates of the Cannonball Formation (Paleocene) in North and South Dakota, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13 1, 1-23

Purdy R. W., Schneider V. P., et al (2001) The Neogene sharks, rays, and bony fishes from Lee Creek Mine, Aurora, North Carolina, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 90, 71-202

Silva E. M., Gallo V., et al (2002) New occurrence of Myliobatiformes (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea) in the Maria Farinha Formation, Paleocene of the Pernambuoc-Paraiba Basin, Northeastern Brazil, Boletim do Museu Nacional 65, 1-11

Tabuce R., Adnet S., et al (2005) Aznag (bassin d'Ouarzazate, Maroc), nouvelle localite a selaciens et mammiferes de l'Eocene moyen (Lutetien) d'Afrique, Bulletin de la societe Geologique du France 2005 176, 381-400

Underwood C. J. (2006) Diversification of the Neoselachii (Chondrichthyes) during the Jurassic and Cretaceous, Paleobiology 32 2, 215-235

Buchanan L. A., Consoli C. P., et al (2007) Early Paleocene marine vertebrates from the Wangaloa Formation, South Island, New Zealand, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 2007 50, 33-37

Kriwet J., Soler-Gijón R., et al (2007) Neoselachians from the upper Campanian and lower Maatrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of the southern Pyrenees, northern Spain, Palaeontology 50 5, 1051-1071 doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2007.00695.x

Cicimurri D. J., Knight J. L. (2009) Late Oligocene sharks and rays from the Chandler Bridge Formation, Dorchester County, South Carolina, USA, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 54 4, 627-647

Carnevale G., Bannikov A. F., et al (2014) The Pesciara-Monte Postale Fossil-Lagerstätte: 2. Fishes and other vertebrates, Rendiconti della Società Paleontologica Italiana 4, 37-63

Szabo M., Botfalvai G., et al (2017) Upper Oligocene marine fishes from nearshore deposits of the Central Paratethys (Máriahalom, Hungary), Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments doi:10.1007/s12549-017-0285-0

Kent B. W. (2018) The Cartilaginous Fishes (Chimaeras, Sharks, and Rays) of Calvert Cliffs, Maryland, USA, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 100, 45-160

Ebersole J. A., Cicimurri D. J., et al (2019) Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, European Journal of Taxonomy 585, 1-274 doi:10.5852/ejt.2019.585

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Eschmeyer online (Jul 2012) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS Editorial Board (2017) World Register of Marine Species - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

FishBase - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (eds). (2019). Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2019. - via World Register of Marine Species

Van Der Laan, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Fricke, R. (2014). Family-group names of Recent fishes. Zootaxa. 3882(1): 1-230. - via World Register of Marine Species

Kullander (2007) Nationalnyckeln Broskfiskar manus - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Kullander, O, Stach, Nyman, Samuelsson, Hansson, G, Delling, Blom & Jilg (2011) Nationalnyckeln till Sveriges Flora och Fauna. Ryggsträngsdjur: Lansettfiskar–broskfiskar, Chordata: Branchiostomatidae–Chondrichthyes. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 357-374 - via World Register of Marine Species

Eschmeyer, W., Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (2012) Family Group Names of Fishes (Draft 2, 2 Oct. 2012). Online: http://research.calacademy.org/ichthyology/catalog/family - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Compagno, Leonard J. V. / Hamlett, William C., ed., 1999: Checklist of Living Elasmobranchs. Sharks, Skates, and Rays: The Biology of Elasmobranch Fishes. 471-498. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Nelson, Joseph S., 1994: null. Fishes of the World, Third Edition. xvii + 600. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

Quick NavTop External Images Fossil Distribution Subtaxa Obsolete Names Synonymy List References

Go to top of page