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Rhinopterinae

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	170198	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=170198

Rank

subfamily (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Myliobatiformes : Myliobatidae : Rhinopterinae

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
class	Chondrichthyes	Huxley 1880
subclass	Elasmobranchii	Bonaparte 1838
infraclass	Euselachii
-	Neoselachii	Compagno 1977
-	Batoidea
order	Myliobatiformes	Compagno 1973
suborder	Myliobatoidei	Compagno 1973
family	Myliobatidae	Bonaparte 1838
subfamily	Rhinopterinae	(Jordan and Evermann 1896)

Common Name

cow-nosed ray

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Rhinopterinae	family	belongs to Masticura	stated without evidence	Jordan, 1963
Rhinopterinae	family	belongs to Myliobatiformes	stated without evidence	Jonet, 1968
Rhinopterinae	family	belongs to Myliobatoidea	stated without evidence	Thurmond and Jones, 1981
Rhinopterinae	family	belongs to Myliobatiformes	stated without evidence	Purdy et al., 2001
Rhinopterinae	subfamily	belongs to Myliobatidae	stated without evidence	Cicimurri and Knight, 2009
Rhinopterinae	family	belongs to Myliobatiformes	stated without evidence	Szabo et al., 2017
Rhinopterinae	subfamily	belongs to Myliobatidae	stated without evidence	Ebersole et al., 2019

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

2 (12%)

First Recorded Appearance

101 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous

Environment

marine (based on Vertebrata)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Myliobatiformes)

Diet

carnivore (based on Myliobatiformes)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

D. J. Cicimurri and J. L. Knight. 2009. Late Oligocene sharks and rays from the Chandler Bridge Formation, Dorchester County, South Carolina, USA. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 54(4):627-647

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Eorhinoptera ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Rhinoptera genus	listed (PBDB)	Cownose Ray	128	101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1896	Rhinopteridae Jordan and Evermann
1963	Rhinopteridae Jordan p. 605
1968	Rhinopteridae Jonet p. 254
1981	Rhinopteridae Thurmond and Jones p. 76
1987	Rhinopteridae Cappetta p. 172
2001	Rhinopteridae Purdy et al. p. 95
2009	Rhinopterinae Cicimurri and Knight p. 641
2017	Rhinopteridae Szabo et al.
2018	Rhinopteridae Kent p. 130
2019	Rhinopterinae Ebersole et al. p. 135

References

Cicimurri D. J., Knight J. L. (2009) Late Oligocene sharks and rays from the Chandler Bridge Formation, Dorchester County, South Carolina, USA, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 54 4, 627-647

Jordan D. S. (1963) The Genera of Fishes and a Classification of Fishes, Stanford University Press, 1-816

Jonet S. (1968) Notes d'ichthyologie Miocene Portugaise; V, Queleques batoides, Revista de Faculdade de Ciencias 2a Ser. C. Ciencias Naturais 15, 233-257

Thurmond J. T., Jones D. E. (1981) , Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama, 1-244

Cappetta H. (1987) , Handbook of Paleoichthyology: Chondrichthyes II Mesozoic and Cenozoic Elasmobranchii, 1-193

Purdy R. W., Schneider V. P., et al (2001) The Neogene sharks, rays, and bony fishes from Lee Creek Mine, Aurora, North Carolina, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 90, 71-202

Szabo M., Botfalvai G., et al (2017) Upper Oligocene marine fishes from nearshore deposits of the Central Paratethys (Máriahalom, Hungary), Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments doi:10.1007/s12549-017-0285-0

Kent B. W. (2018) The Cartilaginous Fishes (Chimaeras, Sharks, and Rays) of Calvert Cliffs, Maryland, USA, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 100, 45-160

Ebersole J. A., Cicimurri D. J., et al (2019) Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, European Journal of Taxonomy 585, 1-274 doi:10.5852/ejt.2019.585

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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