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Archimyrmex

Description

Archimyrmex is an extinct genus of ant in the formicid subfamily Myrmeciinae, described by palaeoentomologist Theodore Cockerell in 1923. The genus contains four described species, Archimyrmex rostratus, Archimyrmex piatnitzkyi, Archimyrmex smekali and Archimyrmex wedmannae. Archimyrmex is known from a group of Middle Eocene fossils which were found in North America, South America, and Europe. The genus was initially placed in the subfamily Ponerinae, but it was later placed in Myrmeciinae; it is now believed to be the ancestor of the extant primitive genus Myrmecia from Australia. Despite this, Archimyrmex is not a member to any tribe and is regarded as incertae sedis within Myrmeciinae. However, some authors believe Archimyrmex should be assigned as incertae sedis within Formicidae. These ants can be characterised by their large mandibles and body length, ranging from 13.2 to 30 mm (0.52 to 1.18 in). They also have long, thin legs and an elongated mesosoma (thorax) and petiole.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)1319426https://www.gbif.org/species/1319426
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)152053https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=152053
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Archimyrmex
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Archimyrmex
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-Bilateria
-EubilateriaAx 1987
-ProtostomiaGrobben 1908
-Ecdysozoa
-Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
subphylumMandibulata
-Pancrustacea
superclassHexapodaLatreille 1825
-CercofilataKukalová-Peck 1987
classInsectaLinnaeus 1758
-Dicondylia
-ParanotaliaSroka et al. 2014
subclassPterygotaBrauer 1885
-NeopterygotaCrampton 1924
infraclassNeopteraMartynov 1923
-Holometabola
orderHymenopteraLinnaeus 1758
-UnicalcaridaSchulmeister et al. 2002
suborderVespina
suborderApocritaGerstaecker 1867
-Aculeata
superfamilyVespoideaLatreille 1802
familyFormicidaeLatreille 1802
subfamilyMyrmeciinaeSmith 1851
genusArchimyrmexCockerell 1923
Scientific NameArchimyrmex Cockerell, 1923
Name Published InEntomologist, 56
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Archimyrmexgenusbelongs to Formicidaestated without evidenceCarpenter, 1992
Archimyrmexgenusbelongs to Myrmeciinaestated with evidenceDlussky and Rasnitsyn, 2002
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)5
First Recorded Appearance50.3 - 46.2 Ma
Eocene
Last Recorded Appearance46.2 - 40.4 Ma
Eocene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Insecta)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Arthropoda)
Taphonomychitin (based on Insecta)
Primary Reference (PBDB)T. D. A. Cockerell. 1923. The earliest known ponerine ant. The Entomologist 56:51-52
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimyrmex

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Archimyrmex piatnitzkyi
species
listed (PBDB)147.8 Ma
Eocene
47.8 Ma
Eocene
Archimyrmex rostratus
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
850.3 Ma
Eocene
46.2 Ma
Eocene
Archimyrmex smekali
species
listed (PBDB)147.8 Ma
Eocene
47.8 Ma
Eocene
Archimyrmex wedmannae
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
148.6 Ma
Eocene
48.6 Ma
Eocene
Polanskiella smekali
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1923Archimyrmex Cockerell p. 52
1957Ameghinoia Viana and Haedo Rossi p. 109
1983Polanskiella Rossi de Garcia
1992Ameghinoia Carpenter
1992Archimyrmex Carpenter
2002Archimyrmex Dlussky and Rasnitsyn p. 418
2003Ameghinoia Bolton p. 30
YearName and Author
2003Archimyrmex Bolton p. 30
2003Polanskiella Bolton p. 30
2003Archimyrmex Dlussky and Perfilieva p. 40
2006Archimyrmex Archibald et al. p. 488
2012Archimyrmex Bolton
2012Archimyrmex Dlussky p. 289

References

Cockerell T. D. A. (1923) The earliest known ponerine ant, The Entomologist 56, 51-52
Viana M. J., Haedo Rossi J. A. (1957) Primer hallazgo en el hemisferio sur de Formicidae extinguidos y catalogo mundial de los Formicidae fosiles, Ameghiniana 1, 108-113
Rossi de Garcia E. (1983) Insectos fosiles en la Formacion Vetana (Eoceno). Provincia de Neuquen, Asociación Geológica Argentina, Revista 38, 17-23
Carpenter F. M. (1992) , Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part R, Arthropoda 4: Superclass Hexapoda 3/4, 1-655
Dlussky G. M., Rasnitsyn A. P. (2002) Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Formation Green River and some other middle Eocene deposits of North America, Russian Entomological Journal 11, 411-436
Bolton B. (2003) Synopsis and classification of Formicidae, Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 71, 1-370
Dlussky G. M., Perfilieva K. S. (2003) Paleogene ants of the genus Archimyrmex Cockerell, 1923 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmeciinae), Paleontological Journal 37, 39-47
Archibald S. B., Cover S. P., et al (2006) Bulldog Ants of the Eocene Okanagan Highlands and History of the Subfamily (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmeciinae), Annals of the Entomological Society of America 99 3, 487-523
Bolton B. (2012) , Catalogue of Ants of the World
Dlussky G. M. (2012) New fossil ants of the subfamily Myrmeciinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Germany, Paleontological Journal 46, 288-292
CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000 unverified - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Entomologist, 56 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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