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Ophidiiformes
| Description | Ophidiiformes is an order of ray-finned fish that includes the cusk-eels (family Ophidiidae), pearlfishes (family Carapidae), viviparous brotulas (family Bythitidae), and others. Members of this order have small heads and long slender bodies. They have either smooth scales or no scales, a long dorsal fin and an anal fin that typically runs into the caudal fin. They mostly come from the tropics and subtropics, and live in both freshwater and marine habitats, including abyssal depths. They have adopted a range of feeding methods and lifestyles, including parasitism. The majority are egg-laying, but some are viviparous. From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophidiiformes, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source Data |
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| Rank | order | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (GBIF) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Ophidiiformes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Ophidiiformes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification (PBDB,GBIF) |
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| Scientific Name | Ophidiiformes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opinions (PBDB) |
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| Status (PBDB) | extant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 118 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Extant Size (PBDB) | 50 (42%) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First Recorded Appearance | 72.1 - 66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Environment | marine (based on Vertebrata) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Motility | actively mobile | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diet | carnivore, parasite | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taphonomy | phosphatic (based on Vertebrata) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Name(s) | Naaldvisachtigen, アシロ, Ormfiskartade Fiskar, Ophidiiforms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophidiiformes |
External Images
Fossil Distribution
Subtaxa
| Name | Status | Common Name(s) | Fossil Occurrences | Oldest | Youngest |
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| Bythitoidei suborder | listed (PBDB) | 40 | 66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Ophidioidei suborder | listed (PBDB) | 112 | 72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Aphyonidae family | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Bythitidae family | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Carapidae family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 33 | 61.6 Ma Paleocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Ophididae family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 34 | 61.6 Ma Paleocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Ophidiidae family | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Parabrotulidae family | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Rhodichthyidae family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 0 Ma Extant | |||
| Benthocometes genus | listed (PBDB) | 0 Ma Extant | |||
| Dannevigia genus | listed (PBDB) | 0 Ma Extant | |||
| Dermatopsis genus | listed (PBDB) | 1 | 55.8 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Diplacanthopoma genus | listed (PBDB) | 0 Ma Extant | |||
| Dipulus genus | listed (PBDB) | 0 Ma Extant | |||
| Monomitopus genus | listed (PBDB) | 1 | 47.8 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Propteridium ✝ genus | listed (PBDB) | 2 | 33.9 Ma Oligocene | 33.9 Ma Oligocene | |
| Protobrotula genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Saccogaster genus | listed (PBDB) | 0 Ma Extant | |||
| Sirembo genus | listed (PBDB) | 3 | 47.8 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Myxonus caudalis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
Synonymy List
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 1937 | Ophidiiformes Berg |
| 1963 | Ophidiiformes Jordan p. 737 |
| 2002 | Ophidiiformes Sepkoski, Jr. |
| 2006 | Ophidiiformes Nelson |
| 2012 | Ophidiiformes Fierstine et al. p. 75 |
| 2013 | Ophidiiformes Betancur-R. et al. |
| 2014 | Ophidiiformes Bannikov p. 26 |
References
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
