Phyllotungstite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Phyllotungstite
Formula:
(H2O,M)x(W,Fe)(O,OH)3 · yH2O (M = Ca, Cs, Pb or K)
Based on the assumption that H2O fills up 10 A sites.
Colour:
Yellow
Lustre:
Pearly
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
5.26 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Name:
For the appearance (Greek phyllos) and the chemical composition (tungsten).
Structurally and chemically similar to Pittongite.
Orthorhombic-pseudohexagonal.
Originally proposed formula is HCaFe3+3(WO4)6.10H2O (Walenta, 1984). Formula revised by Grey et al. (2006).
Note: Pb-, K- and Cs-dominant members have been described by Walenta (2008) and Walenta & Theye (2010a,b). The K-member is pseudohexagonal and forms aragonite-like drillings. Re-analysis of phyllotungstite type material showed that Cs and Pb are also present, in variable amounts (Walenta, 2008).
The orthorhombic-pseudohexagonal crystal structure of a Pb-bearing phyllotungstite (Cmcm, with a = 7.298(1), b = 12.640(2), c = 19.582(4) Å) was reported by Grey et al. (2013).
Compare also ferritungstite.
Orthorhombic-pseudohexagonal.
Originally proposed formula is HCaFe3+3(WO4)6.10H2O (Walenta, 1984). Formula revised by Grey et al. (2006).
Note: Pb-, K- and Cs-dominant members have been described by Walenta (2008) and Walenta & Theye (2010a,b). The K-member is pseudohexagonal and forms aragonite-like drillings. Re-analysis of phyllotungstite type material showed that Cs and Pb are also present, in variable amounts (Walenta, 2008).
The orthorhombic-pseudohexagonal crystal structure of a Pb-bearing phyllotungstite (Cmcm, with a = 7.298(1), b = 12.640(2), c = 19.582(4) Å) was reported by Grey et al. (2013).
Compare also ferritungstite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3203
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3203:8
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
d1804d07-24fe-41ec-abed-560dc3e18614
IMA Classification of Phyllotungstite
Classification of Phyllotungstite
7.GB.20
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
G : Molybdates, Wolframates and Niobates
B : With additional anions and/or H2O
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
G : Molybdates, Wolframates and Niobates
B : With additional anions and/or H2O
49.2.4.1
49 : HYDRATED MOLYBDATES AND TUNGSTATES
2 : Hydrated Normal Molybdates and Tungstates
49 : HYDRATED MOLYBDATES AND TUNGSTATES
2 : Hydrated Normal Molybdates and Tungstates
27.4.17
27 : Sulphites, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
4 : Tungstates
27 : Sulphites, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
4 : Tungstates
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Ptgs | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Phyllotungstite
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Phyllotungstite
Pearly
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Yellow
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
5.26 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Phyllotungstite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 2.100 nβ = 2.183 - 2.185 nγ = 2.185
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.085
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Dispersion:
r < v extreme
Chemistry of Phyllotungstite
Mindat Formula:
(H2O,M)x(W,Fe)(O,OH)3 · yH2O (M = Ca, Cs, Pb or K)
Based on the assumption that H2O fills up 10 A sites.
Based on the assumption that H2O fills up 10 A sites.
Crystallography of Phyllotungstite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Class (H-M):
6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) - Dihexagonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P63/mmc
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.31(3) Å, c = 19.55(1) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 2.674
Unit Cell V:
904.72 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
3
Morphology:
Platy.
Twinning:
On {110} (original orthorhomic description).
Comment:
Originally given cell was orthorhombic, with 7.29, 12.59 and 19.55. Since the mineral is optically biaxial, the space group given by Grey (2006) might refer to an average cell (due to twinning?).
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
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CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
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Labels
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0019816 | Phyllotungstite | Grey I E, Mumme W G, MacRae C M (2013) Lead-bearing phyllotungstite from the Clara mine, Germany with an ordered pyrochlore-hexagonal tungsten bronze intergrowth structure Mineralogical Magazine 77 57-67 | 2013 | Clara mine, Germany | 0 | 293 | |
| 0019817 | Phyllotungstite | Grey I E, Mumme W G, MacRae C M (2013) Lead-bearing phyllotungstite from the Clara mine, Germany with an ordered pyrochlore-hexagonal tungsten bronze intergrowth structure Mineralogical Magazine 77 57-67 | 2013 | Clara mine, Germany | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 6.33 Å | (70) |
| 6.01 Å | (60) |
| 3.25 Å | (80) |
| 3.13 Å | (100) |
| 2.92 Å | (70) |
| 2.45 Å | (70) |
| 1.822 Å | (80) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Phyllotungstite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Crusts, composed of tabular crystals and scaly, in part radial, aggregates. Crystals are up to 0.25 mm in size.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, number 161199.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, number 161199.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Secondary mineral from the oxidized zone of a hydrothermal polymetallic deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Phyllotungstite
Other Language Names for Phyllotungstite
German:Phyllotungstit
Common Associates
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.GB. | Wangpuite | K3(PO4)(Mo12O36) |
| 7.GB. | Natromolybdite | Na2MoO4 · 2H2O |
| 7.GB. | Ootannite | Th4+2W6+4O16 · 5H2O |
| 7.GB.05 | Lindgrenite | Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 |
| 7.GB.10 | Szenicsite | Cu3(MoO4)(OH)4 |
| 7.GB.15 | Cuprotungstite | Cu2(WO4)(OH)2 |
| 7.GB.15 | UM1999-38-WO:CrV | (V, Cr, W, O, H) [V:Cr:W ratio about 2:1:3] |
| 7.GB.15 | Huenite | Cu4(MoO4)3(OH)2 |
| 7.GB.25 | Rankachite | Ca0.5(V4+,V5+)(W6+,Fe3+)2O8(OH) · 2H2O |
| 7.GB.30 | Ferrimolybdite | Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O |
| 7.GB.35 | Anthoinite | AlWO3(OH)3 |
| 7.GB.35 | Mpororoite | WAlO3(OH)3 · 2(H2O) |
| 7.GB.40 | Obradovicite-KCu | [K2(H2O)17Cu(H2O)6][Mo8As2Fe3+3O34(OH)3] |
| 7.GB.45 | Mendozavilite-NaFe | [Na2(H2O)15Fe3+(H2O)6][Mo8P2Fe3+3O35(OH)2] |
| 7.GB.45 | Paramendozavilite | [KAl4(H2O)30][Mo12P6Fe3+6O60(OH)13] |
| 7.GB.45 | Obradovicite-NaCu | Na2(H2O)17Cu(H2O)6][Mo8As2Fe3+3O34(OH)3] |
| 7.GB.45 | Obradovicite-NaNa | [Na2(H2O)16Na(H2O)6][Mo8As2Fe3+3O33(OH)4] |
| 7.GB.50 | Tancaite-(Ce) | FeCe(MoO4)3 · 3H2O |
| 7.GB.50 | Mendozavilite-NaCu | [Na2(H2O)15Cu(H2O)6][Mo8P2Fe3+3O34(OH)3] |
| 7.GB.50 | Mendozavilite-KCa | [K2(H2O)15Ca(H2O)6][Mo8P2Fe3+3O34(OH)3] |
| 7.GB.60 | Peterandresenite | Mn4Nb6O19 · 14H2O |
| 7.GB.60 | Melcherite | Ba2Na2Mg[Nb6O19] · 6H2O |
| 7.GB.60 | Hansesmarkite | Ca2Mn2Nb6O19 · 20H2O |
| 7.GB.65 | Ichnusaite | Th(MoO4)2 · 3H2O |
| 7.GB.70 | Markascherite | Cu3(MoO4)(OH)4 |
| 7.GB.75 | Nuragheite | Th(MoO4)2 · H2O |
| 7.GB.80 | Ophirite | Ca2Mg4[Zn2Mn3+2(H2O)2(Fe3+W9O34)2] · 46H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Phyllotungstite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3203.html
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Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Phyllotungstite
Reference List:
Grey, Ian E., Birch, William D., Bougerol, Catherine, Mills, Stuart J. (2006) Unit-cell intergrowth of pyrochlore and hexagonal tungsten bronze structures in secondary tungsten minerals. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 179. 3860-3869 doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2006.08.030
Birch, W. D., Grey, I. E., Mills, S. J., Bougerol, C., Pring, A., Ansermet, S. (2007) Pittongite, a new tungstate with a mixed-layer, pyrochlore hexagonal tungsten bronze structure, from Victoria, Australia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 45 (4) 857-864 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.45.4.857
Localities for Phyllotungstite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Germany (TL) | |
| Walenta (1984) +3 other references |
Spain | |
| Rewitzer C. +1 other reference |
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Clara Mine, Oberwolfach, Ortenaukreis, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany