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Flexibilia
| Source Data |
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| Rank | superorder (PBDB) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Flexibilia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification (PBDB,GBIF) |
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| Opinions (PBDB) |
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| Status (PBDB) | extant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 145 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Extant Size (PBDB) | 3 (2.1%) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First Recorded Appearance | 470 - 458 Ma Middle Ordovician | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Environment | marine (based on Echinodermata) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Motility | stationary, attached (based on Flexibilia) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vision | blind (based on Crinoidea) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diet | suspension feeder (based on Flexibilia) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reproduction | dispersal=water,planktonic (based on Echinodermata) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ontogeny | accretion,addition of parts (based on Echinodermata) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ecospace Comments | LIFE HISTORY: Majority of component taxa have stem lengths of >5 cm and <25 cm cm according to Brett (1984), therefore intermediate level epifaunal. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taphonomy | high Mg calcite (based on Crinoidea) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | G. D. Webster, D. J. Hafley, and D. B. Blake, A. Glass. 1999. Crinoids and Stelleroids (Echinodermata) from the Broken Rib Member, Dyer Formation (Late Devonian, Famennian) of the White River Plateau, Colorado. Journal of Paleontology 73(3):461-486 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subtaxa
| Name | Status | Common Name(s) | Fossil Occurrences | Oldest | Youngest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sagenocrinida ✝ order | listed (PBDB) | 221 | 461 Ma Middle Ordovician | 265 Ma Permian | |
| Taxocrinida ✝ order | listed (PBDB) | 140 | 456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician | 290 Ma Permian | |
| Pinnata suborder | listed (PBDB) | 4 | 101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Taxocrinoidea ✝ suborder | listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Cupulocrinus ✝ genus | listed (PBDB) | 121 | 470 Ma Middle Ordovician | 419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian | |
| Icthyocrinus ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 29 | 443 Ma Silurian | 409 Ma Early/Lower Devonian | |
| Metichthyocrinus ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 8 | 354 Ma Carboniferous | 345 Ma Carboniferous |
Synonymy List
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 1895 | Flexibilia Zittel |
| 1915 | Flexibilia Clark and Twitchell p. 39 |
| 1998 | Flexibilia Ausich p. 17 |
| 1999 | Flexibilia Webster et al. p. 475 |
| 2009 | Flexibilia Webster et al. p. 248 |
| 2010 | Flexibilia Ausich and Copper p. 54 |
| 2017 | Flexibilia Wright et al. |
| 2018 | Flexibilia Mao et al. p. 1076 |
| 2019 | Flexibilia Wright et al. |
References
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
