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BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Hemiptera

Photos

Photo Gallery

Rhepocoris praevalens

Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument, Florissant Area, Florissant, Teller County, Colorado, USA

Stenovelia nigra

Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument, Florissant Area, Florissant, Teller County, Colorado, USA

Rhepocoris praevalens

Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument, Florissant Area, Florissant, Teller County, Colorado, USA

Stenovelia nigra

Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument, Florissant Area, Florissant, Teller County, Colorado, USA

Rhepocoris praevalens

Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument, Florissant Area, Florissant, Teller County, Colorado, USA

Stenovelia nigra

Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument, Florissant Area, Florissant, Teller County, Colorado, USA

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	94230	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=94230

Rank

order (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
-	Pancrustacea
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
-	Cercofilata	Kukalová-Peck 1987
class	Insecta	Linnaeus 1758
-	Dicondylia
-	Paranotalia	Sroka et al. 2014
subclass	Pterygota	Brauer 1885
-	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
-	Clareocercaria	Prokop et al. 2017
-	Acercaria
superorder	Pancondylognatha	Yoshizawa and Leinhard 2016
-	Condylognatha	Börner 1904
order	Hemiptera	Linnaeus 1758

Common Name

true bug

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Hemiptera	order	belongs to Insecta	stated with evidence	Linnaeus, 1758
Hemiptera	order	belongs to Pterodicera	stated with evidence	Latreille, 1802
Hemiptera	order	belongs to Cimicoides	stated without evidence	Vega et al., 2006
Hemiptera	order	belongs to Paraneoptera	stated with evidence	Cryan and Urban, 2012
Hemiptera	order	belongs to Condylognatha	stated with evidence	Misof et al., 2014
Hemiptera	order	belongs to Acercaria	stated without evidence	Prokop et al., 2015
Hemiptera	order	belongs to Condylognatha	stated with evidence	Yoshizawa and Leinhard, 2016

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

5,613

Extant Size (PBDB)

937 (17%)

First Recorded Appearance

318 - 315 Ma
Carboniferous

Environment

terrestrial (based on Insecta)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Arthropoda)

Taphonomy

chitin (based on Insecta)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

C. Linnaeus. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima 1:1-824

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Auchenorrhyncha suborder	listed (PBDB)	True Bug	1,162	304 Ma Carboniferous	0 Ma Extant
Coleorrhyncha suborder	listed (PBDB)		125	254 Ma Permian	0 Ma Extant
Heteroptera genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1,928	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	0 Ma Extant
Homoptera genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		23	269 Ma Permian	0 Ma Extant
Palaeohemiptera ✝ suborder	listed (PBDB)
Paleorrhyncha ✝ suborder	listed (PBDB)		90	299 Ma Carboniferous	183 Ma Early Jurassic
Peloridiina ✝ suborder	listed (PBDB)
Sternorrhyncha suborder	listed (PBDB)		1,013	290 Ma Permian	0 Ma Extant
Auchenorinques infraorder	listed (PBDB)	True Bug			0 Ma Extant
Aphidii family	listed (PBDB)	Aphid			0 Ma Extant
Biturritidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Cicadariae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Cicada	1	254 Ma Permian	0 Ma Extant
Cicadopsyllidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)		4	290 Ma Permian	279 Ma Permian
Cimicides family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Gallinsecta family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Hydrocorisae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Protoprosbolidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	318 Ma Carboniferous	318 Ma Carboniferous
Alydus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Belostomum genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Giant Water Bug			0 Ma Extant
Flata genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Halys genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	12.7 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Hypocixius ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ludibrium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	201 Ma Early Jurassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Meshemipteron ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Mesococcus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	201 Ma Early Jurassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Planophlebia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Poekilloptera genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Shaandongia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	242 Ma Middle Triassic	242 Ma Middle Triassic
Tetyra genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	12.7 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Hemelytrata unranked clade	listed (PBDB)		631	315 Ma Carboniferous	0 Ma Extant
Heteropterodea unranked clade	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1758	Hemiptera Linnaeus
1759	Hemiptera Schreber p. 11
1761	Hemiptera Linnaeus p. 239
1762	Hemiptera Geoffroy p. 408
1763	Proboscidea Scopoli p. 112
1764	Hemiptera Müller p. 25
1766	Hemiptera Schaeffer
1767	Hemiptera Linnaeus
1770	Hemiptera Drury
1771	Hemiptera Forster p. 67
1775	Ryngota Fabricius p. 673
1776	Hemiptera Müller p. 102
1780	Hemiptera Harris p. 88
1796	Hemiptera Latreille p. 83
1798	Ryngota Fabricius p. 510
1802	Hemiptera Latreille p. 240
1862	Limnochares antiquus von Heyden p. 63 figs. Pl 10, figs 27-29

Year	Name and Author
1865	Protocoris ovalis Heer p. 91
1869	Lystra vollenhoveni Weyenbergh p. 25 fig. 24
1877	Delphax senilis Scudder p. 760
1890	Delphax senilis Scudder p. 295 figs. Pl 5 fig 95
1925	Delphax senilis Cockerell p. 9 figs. Pl 2, fig 3
1940	Lithopsis lineatus Piton p. 169 fig. 38
1940	Lithopsis punctinervis Piton p. 170 fig. 39
1950	Delphax rhenana Statz p. 5 figs. Pl III fig 31
1982	Eofulgoridium chanmaense Hong p. 89 figs. Pl 11, fig 1; text-figs 64,65
2006	Hemiptera Vega et al. p. 327
2012	Hemiptera Cryan and Urban
2012	Hemiptera Nel et al. p. 385
2014	Hemiptera Misof et al.
2015	Hemiptera Prokop et al. p. 40
2016	Hemiptera Yoshizawa and Leinhard p. 236
2018	Hemiptera Johnson et al.

References

Linnaeus C. , Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima 1, 1-824 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.542

Schreber J. C. D. , Novae Species Insectorum, 1-16

Linnaeus C. , Fauna Svecica: Sistens Animalia Sveciae Regni: Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes, Distributa per Classes & Ordines, Genera & Species, cum Differentiis Specierum, Synonymis Auctorum, Nominibus Incolarum, Locis Natalium, Descriptionibus Insectorum, 1-578

Geoffroy E. L. , Histoire Abregée des Insectes qui se Trouvent aux Environs de Paris, Tome Premier, 1-523

Scopoli G. A. , Entomologica Carniolica Exhibens Insecta Carnioliae Indigena et Distributa in Ordines, Genera, Species, Varietates Methodo Linnaeana, 1-421

Müller O. F. , Fauna Insectorum Fridrichsdalina, Sive Methodica Descriptio Insectorum Agri Fridrichsdalensis, cum Characteribus Genericis et Specificis, Nominibus Trivialibus, Locis Natalibus, Iconibus Allegatis, Novisque Pluribus Speciebus Additis, 1-96

Linnaeus C. , Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Duodecima 1 2, 533-1327

Drury D. , Illustrations of Natural History. Wherein are Exhibited Upwards of Two Hundred and Forty Figures of Exotic Insects, According to Their Different Genera; Very Few of Which Have Hitherto Been Figured by any Author, Being Engraved and Coloured from Nature, with the Greatest Accuracy, and Under the Author's Own Inspection, on Fifty Copper-Plates. With a Particular Description of each Insect: Interspersed with Remarks and Reflections on the Nature and Properties of Many of Them 1, 1-130

Forster J. R. , Novae Species Insectorum. Centuria I, 1-100

Fabricius J. C. , Systema Entomologiae, Sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species Adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus, 1-832

Müller O. F. , Zoologicae Danicae Prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum. Characteres, Nomina et Synonyma Imprimis Popularium, 1-281

Harris M. , An Exposition of English Insects, Including the Several Classes of Neuroptera, Hymenoptera, & Diptera, or Bees, Flies, & Libellulae, 73-166

Latreille P. A. , Précis des Caractères Génériques des Insectes Disposés dans un Ordre Naturel, 1-201

Fabricius J. C. , Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae, 1-572

Latreille P. A. , Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes, Tome Troisième, 1-467

von Heyden C. Gliederthiere aus der Braunkohle des Niederrhein's, der Wetterau und der Röhn, Palaeontographica 10, 62-82

Heer O. , Die Urwelt der Schweiz, 1-622

Weyenbergh H. Sur les Insectes fossiles du Calcaire Lithographique de la Bavière, qui se trouvent au Musée Teyler, Archives de Musée Teyler 2, 1-48

Scudder S. H. The First Discovered Traces of Fossil Insects in the American Tertiaries, Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories 3, 741-762

Scudder S. H. The Tertiary Insects of North America, Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories XIII, 1-734

Cockerell T. D. A. (1925) Fossil insects in the United States National Museum, Proceedings of the United States National Museum 64 13, 1-15

Piton L. (1940) , Paléontologie du Gisement Éocéne de Menat (Puy-de-Dôme) (Flore et Faune), 1-303

Statz G. (1950) Cicadariae (Zikaden) aus den Oberoligocanen Ablagerungen von Rott, Palaeontographica Abteilung A 98, 1-46

Hong Y. C. (1982) , Mesozoic Fossil Insects of Jiuquan Basin in Gansu Province, 1-187

Vega F. J., García-Barrera P., et al (2006) El Espinal, a new plattenkalk facies locality from the Lower Cretaceous Sierra Madre Formation, Chiapas, southeastern Mexico, Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 23 3, 323-333

Nel P., Azar D., et al (2012) From Carboniferous to Recent: wing venation enlightens evolution of thysanopteran lineage, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 10, 385-399

Misof B., Liu S. L., et al (2014) Phylogenomics resolves the timing and pattern of insect evolution, Science 346, 763-767

Prokop J., Szwedo J., et al (2015) New Middle Permian insects from Salagou Formation of the Lodève Basin in southern France (Insecta: Pterygota), Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 51, 14-51

Yoshizawa K., Leinhard C. (2016) Bridging the gap between chewing and sucking in the hemipteroid insects: new insights from Cretaceous amber, Zootaxa 4079, 229-245

Johnson K. P., Dietrich C. H., et al (2018) Phylogenomics and the evolution of hemipteroid insects, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences doi:10.1073/pnas.1815820115

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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