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Cyclotosaurus ✝

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Description

Cyclotosaurus is an extinct genus of temnospondyl within the family Mastodonsauridae. It was of great size for an amphibian, reaching 3–4.3 m (9.8–14.1 ft) in length with an elongated 70 cm (28 in) skull.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclotosaurus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4815937	https://www.gbif.org/species/4815937
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	37095	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=37095

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Capitosauridae : Cyclotosaurus

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Cyclotosauridae : Cyclotosaurus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Temnospondyli
-	Eutemnospondyli	Schoch 2013
-	Rhachitomi
-	Eryopiformes	Schoch 2013
-	Stereospondylomorpha	Yates and Warren 2000
-	Stereospondyli
-	Capitosauria	Yates and Warren 2000
-	Capitosauroidea
family	Cyclotosauridae	Shishkin 1964
genus	Cyclotosaurus	Fraas 1889

Scientific Name

Cyclotosaurus Fraas, 1889

Name Published In

Palaeontogr., 36

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Cyclotosaurus	genus	belongs to Capitosauridae	stated with evidence	Watson, 1919
Cyclotosaurus	genus	belongs to Capitosauridae	stated without evidence	Haughton, 1925
Cyclotosaurus	genus	belongs to Capitosauridae	stated with evidence	Welles and Cosgriff, 1965
Cyclotosaurus	genus	belongs to Capitosauridae	stated without evidence	Paton, 1976
Cyclotosaurus	genus	belongs to Capitosauridae	stated with evidence	Ingavat and Janvier, 1981
Cyclotosaurus	genus	belongs to Capitosauridae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Cyclotosaurus	genus	belongs to Cyclotosaurinae	stated with evidence	Schoch and Milner, 2000
Cyclotosaurus	genus	belongs to Mastodonsauridae	stated with evidence	Damiani, 2001
Cyclotosaurus	genus	belongs to Capitosauroidea	stated with evidence	Schoch, 2013
Cyclotosaurus	genus	belongs to Cyclotosauridae	stated with evidence	Marzola et al., 2017

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

247 - 242 Ma
Triassic

Last Recorded Appearance

209 - 201 Ma
Mesozoic

Environment

brackish,freshwater,terrestrial (based on Tetrapoda)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Temnospondyli)

Diet

piscivore

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclotosaurus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Capitosaurus robustus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Cyclotosaurus buechneri ✝ species	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Cyclotosaurus ebrachensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Cyclotosaurus hemprichi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Cyclotosaurus intermedius ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Cyclotosaurus naraserluki ✝ species	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Cyclotosaurus papilio ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	242 Ma Middle Triassic	242 Ma Middle Triassic
Cyclotosaurus posthumus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Labyrinthodon leptognathus (Owen, 1841)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Capitosauridae : *Labyrinthodon leptognathus*
Hercynosaurus carinidens Jaekel, 1914	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Capitosauridae : *Hercynosaurus carinidens*
Cyclotosaurus leptognathus (Owen, 1841)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Capitosauridae : *Cyclotosaurus leptognathus*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1836	Capitosaurus Münster
1841	Labyrinthodon leptognathus Owen
1842	Labyrinthodon leptognathus Owen p. 183
1845	Capitosaurus Meyer p. 282
1849	Capitosaurus d'Orbigny p. 213
1854	Labyrinthodon leptognathus Mantell p. 753
1861	Labyrinthodon leptognathus Owen p. 212
1889	Cyclotosaurus Fraas
1914	Hercynosaurus Jaekel p. 213
1914	Hercynosaurus carinidens Jaekel p. 213
1919	Capitosaurus Watson p. 67
1919	Cyclotosaurus Watson p. 67
1925	Capitosaurus Haughton p. 238

Year	Name and Author
1925	Cyclotosaurus Haughton p. 248
1965	Cyclotosaurus Welles and Cosgriff p. 35
1971	Capitosaurus Kuhn p. 6
1971	Cyclotosaurus Kuhn p. 7
1976	Cyclotosaurus Paton p. 415
1981	Cyclotosaurus Ingavat and Janvier p. 718 fig. 6
1981	Cyclotosaurus leptognathus Ingavat and Janvier p. 718 fig. 6
1988	Cyclotosaurus Carroll
2000	Cyclotosaurus Schoch and Milner
2001	Cyclotosaurus Damiani p. 400
2013	Cyclotosaurus Schoch
2017	Cyclotosaurus Marzola et al.

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Owen R. Report on British fossil reptiles, part II, Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 11, 60-204

Meyer H. v. System der fossilen Saurier [Taxonomy of fossil saurians], Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefakten-Kunde 1845, 278-285

Mantell G. A. , The Medals of Creation; or, First Lessions in Geology, and the Study of Organic Remains 2, 447-930

Owen R. , Palaeontology, or a Systematic Summary of Extinct Animals and their Geological Relations. Second Edition. Adam and Charles Black, Edinburgh, 1-463

Jaekel O. (1914) Über die Wirbeltierfunde in der oberen Trias von Halberstadt [On the vertebrate remains in the Upper Triassic of Halberstadt], Paläontologische Zeitschrift 1 1, 155-215

Watson D. M. S. (1919) The structure, evolution and origin of the Amphibia.—The "orders" Rachitomi and Stereospondyli, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 209, 1-73

Haughton S. H. (1925) Investigations in South African fossil reptiles and amphibians (Part 13), Annals of the South African Museum 22, 227-261

Kuhn O. (1971) , Die Saurier der deutschen Trias [Reptiles of the German Triassic], 1-105

Schoch R., Milner A. R. (2000) Stereospondyli, Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie - Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology 3B, 1-203

Damiani R. J. (2001) A systematic revision and phylogenetic analysis of Triassic mastodonsauroids (Temnospondyli: Stereospondyli), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 133 4, 379-482 doi:10.1006/zjls.2001.0304

Schoch R. R. (2013) The evolution of major temnospondyl clades: an inclusive phylogenetic analysis, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology doi:10.1080/14772019.2012.699006

Marzola M., Mateus O., et al (2017) Cyclotosaurus naraserluki, sp. nov., a new Late Triassic cyclotosaurid (Amphibia, Temnospondyli) from the Fleming Fjord Formation of the Jameson Land Basin (East Greenland), Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 37 2, e1303501 doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1303501

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Palaeontogr., 36 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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