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Helcionellidae ✝

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Description

The Helcionellids are small fossil shells that are universally interpreted as molluscs, though no sources spell out why this taxonomic interpretation is preferred. These animals are first found about 540 to 530 million years ago in the late Nemakit-Daldynian age, which is the earliest part of the Cambrian period. A single species persisted to the Early Ordovician. These fossils are component of the small shelly fossils (SSF) assemblages.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helcionellidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	3246229	https://www.gbif.org/species/3246229
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	58712	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=58712

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Helcionellidae

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Helcionelloida : Helcionellida : Helcionellidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Helcionelloida	Peel 1991
order	Helcionellida	Geyer 1994
superfamily	Helcionelloidea
family	Helcionellidae	Wenz 1938

Scientific Name

Helcionellidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Helcionellacea	stated with evidence	Knight et al., 1960
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Helcionelloidea	stated without evidence	Golikov and Starobogatov, 1975
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Helcionellacea	stated with evidence	Runnegar and Jell, 1976
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Eomonoplacophora	stated without evidence	Missarzhevsky, 1989
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Helcionellacea	stated with evidence	Wahlman, 1992
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Helcionellida	stated without evidence	Geyer, 1994
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Hypseloconida	stated without evidence	Feng et al., 2000
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Helcionelloidea	stated with evidence	Parkhaev, 2001
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Helcionellida	stated without evidence	Landing et al., 2002
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Helcionelloidea	stated without evidence	Parkhaev, 2002
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Helcionellida	stated without evidence	Gubanov et al., 2004
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Helcionelloidea	stated without evidence	Parkhaev, 2004
Helcionellidae	family	invalid subgroup of Scenellidae	stated without evidence	Bouchet et al., 2005
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Helcionellida	stated without evidence	Wotte, 2006
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Helcionelloidea	stated with evidence	Parkhaev and Demidenko, 2010
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Helcionellida	stated with evidence	Jacquet and Brock, 2016
Helcionellidae	family	belongs to Helcionelloidea	stated with evidence	Wagner, 2017

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

223

First Recorded Appearance

541 - 530 Ma
Cambrian

Last Recorded Appearance

485 - 478 Ma
Paleozoic

Motility

slow-moving

Vision

blind (based on Helcionelloida)

Diet

detritivore

Ecospace Comments

322; BODY SIZE: Based on component genera; 8 of 8 genera share 10 to < 100 length, inconsistency among genera for width. LIFE HISTORY: Surficial, fully motile slow, surficial deposit-feeder or grazer according to Bambach et al (2007).

Primary Reference (PBDB)

W. Wenz. 1938. Handbuch der Paläozoologie; Gastropoda. Handbuch der Paläozoologie

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helcionellidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Hampilininae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)
Yangtzeconinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)		34	541 Ma Cambrian	504 Ma Cambrian
Absidaticonus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		8	541 Ma Cambrian	530 Ma Cambrian
Aegitellus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		21	541 Ma Cambrian	530 Ma Cambrian
Anabaroconus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	513 Ma Cambrian	513 Ma Cambrian
Anhuiconus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		15	541 Ma Cambrian	507 Ma Cambrian
Anuliconus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		10	530 Ma Cambrian	516 Ma Cambrian
Asiapatella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	541 Ma Cambrian	541 Ma Cambrian
Asperconella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		8	516 Ma Cambrian	516 Ma Cambrian
Auricullina ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	530 Ma Cambrian	516 Ma Cambrian
Bemella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		48	541 Ma Cambrian	505 Ma Cambrian
Calyptroconus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Capitoconus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		19	520 Ma Cambrian	513 Ma Cambrian
Chuiliella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	501 Ma Cambrian	485 Ma Cambrian
Cycloholcus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	501 Ma Cambrian	501 Ma Cambrian
Daedalia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	516 Ma Cambrian	516 Ma Cambrian
Davidonia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		84	541 Ma Cambrian	516 Ma Cambrian
Emarginoconus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		16	541 Ma Cambrian	530 Ma Cambrian
Eocyrtolites ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	516 Ma Cambrian	516 Ma Cambrian
Fenqiaronia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		5	516 Ma Cambrian	516 Ma Cambrian
Figurina ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		14	516 Ma Cambrian	507 Ma Cambrian
Guadalquivirospira ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	520 Ma Cambrian	520 Ma Cambrian
Hampilina ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		2	516 Ma Cambrian	513 Ma Cambrian
Helcionella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		59	541 Ma Cambrian	501 Ma Cambrian
Hispanoconus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	520 Ma Cambrian	520 Ma Cambrian
Hujiagouella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	520 Ma Cambrian	520 Ma Cambrian
Igorella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		60	541 Ma Cambrian	505 Ma Cambrian
Ilsanella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		34	541 Ma Cambrian	505 Ma Cambrian
Kuonamkaella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	513 Ma Cambrian	513 Ma Cambrian
Lamaureriella genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Lenoconus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Leptostega ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		11	530 Ma Cambrian	505 Ma Cambrian
Mackinnonia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Manasoconus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	513 Ma Cambrian	513 Ma Cambrian
Marocella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		28	541 Ma Cambrian	513 Ma Cambrian
Minastirithella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	520 Ma Cambrian	520 Ma Cambrian
Miroconulus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		2	520 Ma Cambrian	516 Ma Cambrian
Nyuella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Oelandia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	516 Ma Cambrian	513 Ma Cambrian
Oelandiella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		96	541 Ma Cambrian	513 Ma Cambrian
Papilloconus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pararaconus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	520 Ma Cambrian	516 Ma Cambrian
Paucella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pedrocheotheca ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	520 Ma Cambrian	520 Ma Cambrian
Perssuakiella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	513 Ma Cambrian	513 Ma Cambrian
Postacanthella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	541 Ma Cambrian	541 Ma Cambrian
Prosinuites ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	530 Ma Cambrian	530 Ma Cambrian
Protowenella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		21	530 Ma Cambrian	504 Ma Cambrian
Pseudomyona ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	513 Ma Cambrian	507 Ma Cambrian
Pseudopollicina ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Randomia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	530 Ma Cambrian	516 Ma Cambrian
Salanyella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	541 Ma Cambrian	530 Ma Cambrian
Securiconus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		75	541 Ma Cambrian	513 Ma Cambrian
Tannuella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		12	541 Ma Cambrian	513 Ma Cambrian
Totoralia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	513 Ma Cambrian	513 Ma Cambrian
Truncatoconus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		4	541 Ma Cambrian	530 Ma Cambrian

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Eosoconidae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Mollusca : Eosoconidae
Helcionellinae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Mollusca : Helcionellinae

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1938	Helcionellidae Wenz
1960	Helcionellidae Knight et al. p. 172
1975	Helcionellidae Golikov and Starobogatov p. 207
1976	Helcionellidae Runnegar and Jell p. 116
1979	Eosoconidae Yu pp. 240, 262
1989	Helcionellidae Missarzhevsky p. 171
1992	Helcionellidae Wahlman
1994	Helcionellidae Geyer p. 77
1996	Helcionellidae Landing and Bartowski p. 752
2000	Helcionellidae Feng et al. p. 373

Year	Name and Author
2001	Helcionellidae Parkhaev p. 136
2002	Helcionellidae Landing et al. p. 298
2002	Helcionellidae Parkhaev p. 34
2004	Helcionellidae Gubanov et al. p. 205
2004	Helcionellidae Parkhaev p. 594
2006	Helcionellidae Wotte p. 149
2010	Helcionellidae Parkhaev and Demidenko p. 1008
2016	Helcionellidae Jacquet and Brock
2020	Helcionellidae Wagner p. G

References

Wenz W. (1938) Handbuch der Paläozoologie; Gastropoda, Handbuch der Paläozoologie

Knight J. B., Cox L. R., et al (1960) Systematic descriptions, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Mollusca I 1, 169-339

Golikov A. N., Starobogatov Y. I. (1975) Systematics of prosobranch gastropods, Malacologia 15 2, 185-232

Runnegar B., Jell P.A. (1976) Australian Middle Cambrian molluscs and their bearing on early molluscan evolution, Alcheringa 1 1/2, 109-132

Missarzhevsky V. V. (1989) Oldest skeletal fossils of late Precambrian and early Cambrian age: a review of recent work, Trudy Geologicheskogo Instituta AN SSSR 443, 1-231

Wahlman G.P. (1992) Middle and Upper Ordovician symmetrical univalved mollusks (Monoplacophora and Bellerophontina) of the Cincinnati Arch region, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066 O, 1-123

Geyer G. (1994) Middle Cambrian mollusks from Idaho and early conchiferan evolution, New York State Museum Bulletin 481 1, 69-86

Landing E., Bartowski K.E. (1996) Oldest shelly fossils from the Taconic Allochthon and late Early Cambrian sea-levels in eastern Laurentia, Journal of Paleontology 70 5, 741-761

Feng W. M., Sun W. G., et al (2000) Earliest Cambrian monoplacophora in northeastern Yunnan with some new genera and species, Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica 17, 365-377

Parkhaev P. Yu. (2001) Molluscs and siphonoconchs, The Cambrian biostratigraphy of the Stansbury Basin, South Australia 282, 133-210

Landing E., Geyer G., et al (2002) Latest Early Cambrian small shelly fossils, trilobites and Hatch Hill dysaerobic interval on the Québec contental slope, Journal of Paleontology 76 2, 287-305

Parkhaev P. Yu. (2002) Phylogenesis and the systematics of the Cambrian univalved mollusks, Paleontological Journal 35 1, 27-39

Gubanov A. P., Fernández-Remolar D.C., et al (2004) Early Cambrian molluscs from Sierra de Córdoba (Spain), Géobios 37 2, 199-215

Parkhaev P. Yu. (2004) Malacofauna of the Lower Cambrian Bystraya Formation of Eastern Transbaikalia, Paleontological Journal 38 6, 590-608

Wotte T. (2006) New Middle Cambrian mollucs from the Láncara Formation of the Cantabrian Mountains (north-western Spain), Revista Española de Paleontología 21 2, 145-158

Parkhaev P. Y., Demidenko Y. (2010) Zooproblematica and mollusca from the Lower Cambrian Meishucun section (Yunnan, China) and taxonomy and systematics of the Cambrian small shelly fossils of China, Paleontological Journal 44 8, 883-1161 doi:10.1134/s0031030110080010

Jacquet S. M., Brock G. A. (2016) Lower Cambrian helcionelloid macromolluscs from South Australia, Gondwana Research 36, 333-358 doi:10.1016/j.gr.2015.06.012

Wagner P. J. (2017) Paleozoic Gastropod, Rostroconch, Helcionelloid and Tergomyan Database

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Parkhaev, 2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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