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Nectridea ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	37260	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=37260

Rank

unranked clade (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Nectridea

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Amphibia	Linnaeus 1758
-	Lepospondyli
suborder	Nectridea

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Nectridea	order	belongs to Microsauria	stated without evidence	Jaekel, 1911
Nectridea	suborder	belongs to Lepospondyli	stated with evidence	Kuhn, 1946
Nectridea	suborder	belongs to Pseudocentrophori	stated without evidence	Huene, 1954
Nectridea	suborder	belongs to Lepospondyli	stated without evidence	Olson, 1970
Nectridea	order	belongs to Lepospondyli	stated with evidence	Gardiner, 1982
Nectridea	order	belongs to Lepospondyli	implied	Thayer, 1985
Nectridea	unranked clade	belongs to Tetrapoda	stated with evidence	Gauthier et al., 1989
Nectridea	order	belongs to Lepospondyli	stated without evidence	Carroll et al., 1998
Nectridea	unranked clade	belongs to Lepospondyli	stated with evidence	Maddin et al., 2012

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

323 - 315 Ma
Carboniferous

Last Recorded Appearance

260 - 254 Ma
Permian

Environment

brackish,freshwater,terrestrial (based on Tetrapoda)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Reproduction

dispersal=water (based on Amphibia)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

L. C. Miall. 1875. On the Structure and Classification of the Labyrinthodonts. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 44:149-192

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Diplocaulidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	103	323 Ma Carboniferous	260 Ma Permian
Scincosauridae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	4	311 Ma Carboniferous	290 Ma Permian
Urocordylidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	16	323 Ma Carboniferous	290 Ma Permian
Arizonerpeton ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	318 Ma Carboniferous	318 Ma Carboniferous

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1875	Nectridea Miall p. 168
1911	Nectridei Jaekel p. 119
1946	Nectridia Kuhn p. 53
1954	Nectridia Huene p. 6
1970	Nectridea Olson p. 403
1982	Nectridia Gardiner p. 228

Year	Name and Author
1985	Nectridea Thayer p. 693
1988	Nectridea Carroll
1989	Nectridea Gauthier et al. p. 339
1998	Nectridea Carroll et al. p. xi
2012	Nectridea Maddin et al.

References

Miall L. C. On the Structure and Classification of the Labyrinthodonts, Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 44, 149-192

Jaekel O. (1911) , Die Wirbeltiere. Eine Übersicht über die Fossilen und Lebenden Formen [The Vertebrates. An Overview of the Fossil and Living Forms], viii-252

Kuhn O. (1946) Das System der fossilen und rezenten Amphibien und Reptilien [The system of fossil and recent amphibians and reptiles], Bericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Bamberg 29, 49-67

Huene F. v. (1954) , Die Saurierwelt und ihre Geschichtlichen Zusammenhänge [The World of Reptiles and the History of Their Interrelationships]. 2nd, revised edition, 1-66

Olson E. C. (1970) New and little known genera and species of vertebrates from the Lower Permian of Oklahoma, Fieldiana: Geology 18 3, 359-434

Thayer D. W. (1985) New Pennsylvanian Lepospondyl Amphibians from the Swisshelm Mountains, Arizona, Journal of Paleontology 59 3, 684-700

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Gauthier J. A., Cannatella D., et al (1989) Tetrapod phylogeny, In B. Fernholm, K. Bremer, & H. Jörnvall (eds.), The Hierarchy of Life. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., Amsterdam, 337-353

Carroll R. L., Bossy K. A., et al (1998) Handbuch der Palaoherpetologie / Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology Teil 1 / Part 1 Lepospondyli: Microsauria, Nectridea, Lysorophia, Adelospondyli, Aistopoda, Acherontiscidae, 1-216

Maddin H. C., Jenkins Jr F. A., et al (2012) The Braincase of Eocaecilia micropodia (Lissamphibia, Gymnophiona) and the Origin of Caecilians, PLoS One 7 12, e50743 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050743

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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