Penkvilksite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Penkvilksite
Formula:
Na4Ti2Si8O22 · 4H2O
Colour:
White
Lustre:
Silky, Pearly, Dull
Hardness:
5
Specific Gravity:
2.58
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named from the Lapp words "penk" and "vilkis", meaning "white" and "curly", because of its appearance.
This page provides mineralogical data about Penkvilksite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3149
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3149:9
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
fbe6f6cf-01b2-43a4-bc40-798f443cf969
IMA Classification of Penkvilksite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Na2TiSi4O11 · 2H2O
First published:
1974
Classification of Penkvilksite
9.EA.60
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
A : Single nets of tetrahedra with 4-, 5-, (6-), and 8-membered rings
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
A : Single nets of tetrahedra with 4-, 5-, (6-), and 8-membered rings
70.2.2.1
70 : INOSILICATES Column or Tube Structures
2 : Column or Tube Structures with Si2O7 dimers
70 : INOSILICATES Column or Tube Structures
2 : Column or Tube Structures with Si2O7 dimers
14.10.28
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
10 : Silicates of Zr or Hf
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
10 : Silicates of Zr or Hf
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Pvl | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Penkvilksite
Silky, Pearly, Dull
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
White
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5 on Mohs scale
Density:
2.58 g/cm3 (Measured)
Optical Data of Penkvilksite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.640 nβ = 1.646 nγ = 1.675
2V:
Measured: 50° , Calculated: 50°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.035
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
relatively weak
Chemistry of Penkvilksite
Mindat Formula:
Na4Ti2Si8O22 · 4H2O
Crystallography of Penkvilksite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pbcn
Cell Parameters:
a = 16.3721(5) Å, b = 8.7492(3) Å, c = 7.4020(2) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.871 : 1 : 0.846
Unit Cell V:
1,060.28 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0001688 | Penkvilksite | Merlino S, Pasero M, Artioli G, Khomyakov A P (1994) Penkvilksite, a new kind of silicate structure: OD character, X-ray single-crystal (1M), and powder Rietveld (2O) refinements of two MDO polytypes American Mineralogist 79 1185-1193 |  | 1994 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0001689 | Penkvilksite | Merlino S, Pasero M, Artioli G, Khomyakov A P (1994) Penkvilksite, a new kind of silicate structure: OD character, X-ray single-crystal (1M), and powder Rietveld (2O) refinements of two MDO polytypes Data has been corrected according to the ICSD American Mineralogist 79 1185-1193 | | 1994 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0010347 | Penkvilksite | Cadoni M, Ferraris G (2008) Penkvilksite-2O: Na2TiSi4O11*2H2O Acta Crystallographica C64 i87-i90 |  | 2008 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 8.2 Å | (100) |
| 3.37 Å | (90) |
| 2.84 Å | (80) |
| 3.32 Å | (70) |
| 3.10 Å | (70) |
| 3.07 Å | (70) |
| 1.713 Å | (70) |
| 3.42 Å | (60) |
| 2.674 Å | (60) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks |
Type Occurrence of Penkvilksite
General Appearance of Type Material:
White clotted masses to 3 cm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Geology Museum, Kola Branch, Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Russia, 3244, 3781.
Mining Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, 1065/1.
A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 75126.
National School of Mines, Paris, France.
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1994,24.
Mining Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, 1065/1.
A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 75126.
National School of Mines, Paris, France.
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1994,24.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Alkaic massif, pegmatite, central natrolite zone.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Bussen, I.V., Men'shikov, Yu.P., Merkov, A.M., Nedorezova, A.P., Uspenskaya, E.I., Khomyakov, A.P. (1974) Penkvilksite, a new hydrous silicate of titanium and sodium.Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR: 217: 1161-1164.
Synonyms of Penkvilksite
Other Language Names for Penkvilksite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 8 photos of Penkvilksite associated with Raite | Mn2+Mn2+2Na2(◻1.75Ti0.25)Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · Na(H2O)6 |
| 4 photos of Penkvilksite associated with Zorite | Na8(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 14H2O |
| 2 photos of Penkvilksite associated with Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| 1 photo of Penkvilksite associated with Terskite | Na4ZrSi6O16 · 2H2O |
| 1 photo of Penkvilksite associated with Labuntsovite-Mn | Na4K4(Ba,K)2Mn2+(Ti,Nb)8(Si4O12)4(O,OH)8 · 10-12H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.EA. | Bussyite-(Y) | (Y,REE,Ca)3(Na,Ca)6MnSi9Be5(O,OH,F)34 |
| 9.EA. | Fluorapophyllite-(NH₄) | NH4Ca4(Si8O20)F · 8H2O |
| 9.EA. | Hydroxymcglassonite-(K) | KSr4Si8O20(OH) · 8H2O |
| 9.EA.05 | Cuprorivaite | CaCuSi4O10 |
| 9.EA.05 | Gillespite | BaFe2+Si4O10 |
| 9.EA.05 | Effenbergerite | BaCuSi4O10 |
| 9.EA.05 | Wesselsite | SrCuSi4O10 |
| 9.EA.07 | Fluorapophyllite-(Cs) | CsCa4(Si8O20)F · 8H2O |
| 9.EA.10 | Ekanite | Ca2ThSi8O20 |
| 9.EA.15 | Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| 9.EA.15 | Hydroxyapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O |
| 9.EA.15 | Fluorapophyllite-(Na) | NaCa4(Si8O20)F · 8H2O |
| 9.EA.20 | Magadiite | Na2Si14O29 · 11H2O |
| 9.EA.25 | Dalyite | K2ZrSi6O15 |
| 9.EA.25 | Davanite | K2TiSi6O15 |
| 9.EA.30 | Sazhinite-(Ce) | Na2CeSi6O14 · 6H2O |
| 9.EA.30 | Sazhinite-(La) | Na3La[Si6O15] · 2H2O |
| 9.EA.35 | Armstrongite | CaZr[Si6O15] · 3H2O |
| 9.EA.40 | Okenite | Ca10Si18O46 · 18H2O |
| 9.EA.45 | Nekoite | Ca3Si6O15 · 7H2O |
| 9.EA.45 | Perettiite-(Y) | Y2Mn4FeSi2B8O24 |
| 9.EA.45 | Badakhshanite-(Y) | Y2Mn4Al(Si2B7BeO24) |
| 9.EA.47 | Shlykovite | KCa[Si4O9(OH)] · 3H2O |
| 9.EA.50 | Cavansite | Ca(VO)Si4O10 · 4H2O |
| 9.EA.50 | Diegogattaite | Na2CaCu2Si8O20 · H2O |
| 9.EA.52 | Yangite | PbMnSi3O8 · H2O |
| 9.EA.55 | Pentagonite | Ca(VO)Si4O10 · 4H2O |
| 9.EA.60 | Tumchaite | Na2Zr(Si4O11) · 2H2O |
| 9.EA.65 | Nabesite | Na2BeSi4O10 · 4H2O |
| 9.EA.70 | Ajoite | (K,Na)Cu7AlSi9O24(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 9.EA.75 | Zeravshanite | Na2Cs4Zr3[Si18O45]*2H2O |
| 9.EA.80 | Bussyite-(Ce) | (Ce,REE)3(Na,H2O)6MnSi9Be5(O,OH)30F4 |
| 9.EA.85 | Plumbophyllite | Pb2Si4O10 · H2O |
Other Information
Thermal Behaviour:
DTA Endrothermic breaks at 220 C (dehydration) and 720 C (fusion).
TGA Gradual water loss 100-400 C.
TGA Gradual water loss 100-400 C.
Notes:
Slowly gels with cold 5% HCl or HNO3, or with warm H2SO4.
Fuses with a Bunsen burner to a dark brown glass.
Fuses with a Bunsen burner to a dark brown glass.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Penkvilksite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3149.html
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References for Penkvilksite
Localities for Penkvilksite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Canada | |
| Horváth et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
Russia | |
| YAKOVENCHUK et al. (2005) |
| Mikhailova et al. (2015) |
| Bussen et al. (1974) +4 other references |
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Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada