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Wittite

A material that is NOT an approved mineral species

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Photos of Wittite (7)

Wittite Gallery Search Photos of Wittite

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Wittite, etc.

Falun mine, Falun, Dalarna County, Sweden

Wittite

Falun mine, Falun, Dalarna County, Sweden

Wittite, etc.

Falun mine, Falun, Dalarna County, Sweden

Wittite, etc.

Falun mine, Falun, Dalarna County, Sweden

Wittite

Falun mine, Falun, Dalarna County, Sweden

Wittite, etc.

Falun mine, Falun, Dalarna County, Sweden

Wittite, etc.

Falun mine, Falun, Dalarna County, Sweden

Wittite

Falun mine, Falun, Dalarna County, Sweden

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About WittiteHide

Formula:

Pb₉Bi₁₂(S,Se)₂₇

Colour:

Light lead-gray

Lustre:

Metallic

Hardness:

2 - 2½

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Name:

Named after T. Witt, Swedish mining engineer at the Falun Mine.

First Recorded Locality:

ⓘ Falun mine, Falun, Dalarna County, Sweden

Studies of the distribution of Se in the crystal structure are necessary to determine whether wittite is a Se-rich variety of cannizzarite or an independent species (Moëlo et al., 2008).

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

4301

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:4301:0

GUID
(UUID V4):

6fb5ecd0-c644-4868-bfb4-70aae1fd65a1

IMA Classification of WittiteHide

IMA status:

'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959), Questionable

IMA Formula:

Pb₈Bi₁₀(S,Se)₂₃

Classification of WittiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

2.JB.20

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
J : Sulfosalts of PbS archetype
B : Galena derivatives, with Pb

Dana 8th ed.:

3.6.5.2

3 : SULFOSALTS
6 : 2 < ø < 2.49

Hey's CIM Ref.:

5.6.31

5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
6 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb alone

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Wit	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of WittiteHide

Lustre:

Metallic

Transparency:

Opaque

Colour:

Light lead-gray

Streak:

Black

Hardness:

2 - 2½ on Mohs scale

Cleavage:

Distinct/Good
One good cleavage. Cleabage surfaces show striations at 57° to 57.5°.

Chemistry of WittiteHide

Mindat Formula:

Pb₉Bi₁₂(S,Se)₂₇

Elements listed:

Bi, Pb, S, Se - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of WittiteHide

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Cell Parameters:

a = 29.15 Å, b = 4.07 Å, c = 15.83 Å
β = 98.5°

Ratio:

a:b:c = 7.162 : 1 : 3.889

Unit Cell V:

1,857.45 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere	>4.45
12 : Hadean hydrothermal subsurface sulfide deposits (see also #33)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])

First Recorded Occurrence of WittiteHide

First Recorded Locality:

ⓘ Falun mine, Falun, Dalarna County, Sweden

Other Language Names for WittiteHide

Afrikaans:Wittite

German:Wittit

Simplified Chinese:硫硒铅铋矿

Spanish:Wittita

Varieties of WittiteHide

Silver-bearing Wittite

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

4 photos of Wittite associated with Quartz	SiO₂
4 photos of Wittite associated with Ikunolite	Bi₄S₃
2 photos of Wittite associated with Bismuthinite	Bi₂S₃
1 photo of Wittite associated with Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
1 photo of Wittite associated with Lillianite	Pb_3-2xAg_xBi_2+xS₆
1 photo of Wittite associated with Nordströmite	CuPb₃Bi₇(Se₄S₁₀)
1 photo of Wittite associated with Friedrichite	Pb₅Cu₅Bi₇S₁₈

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

2.JB.	Senandorite	AgPbSb₃S₆	Orth. mm2 : Pmn2₁
2.JB.	Oscarkempffite	Ag₁₀Pb₄(Sb₁₇Bi₉)S₄₈	Orth. mm2
2.JB.	Chukotkaite	AgPb₇Sb₅S₁₅	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.	Arsenquatrandorite	Ag_17.6Pb_12.8Sb_38.1As_11.5S₉₆	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.	Clino-oscarkempffite	Ag₁₅Pb₆Sb₂₁Bi₁₈S₇₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.	Andreadiniite	CuHgAg₇Pb₇Sb₂₄S₄₈	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.	Ginelfite	Ag₂(Ag_0.5Fe)TlPb_23.5(Sb,As)_33.5S₇₆	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.	Lazerckerite	Ag_3.75Pb_4.50(Sb_7.75Bi₄)S₂₄	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.	Lasmanisite	Ag₁₂Pb₁₃Mn₁₁Sb₄₄S₉₆	Orth. 2 2 2 : P2₁ 2₁ 2₁
2.JB.	Montpelvouxite	AgPb₁₆Sb₂₇As₁₈S₈₄	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.	Selenojunoite	Cu₂Pb₃Bi₈Se₁₆	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.05	Diaphorite	Ag₃Pb₂Sb₃S₈	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.10	Cosalite	Pb₂Bi₂S₅	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.JB.15	Freieslebenite	AgPbSbS₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.15	Marrite	AgPbAsS₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.20	Cannizzarite	Pb₄₈Bi₅₆S₁₃₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.JB.25a	Junoite	Cu₂Pb₃Bi₈(S,Se)₁₆	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25i	Neyite	Ag₂Cu₆Pb₂₅Bi₂₆S₆₈	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25c	Nordströmite	CuPb₃Bi₇(Se₄S₁₀)	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.JB.25g	Nuffieldite	Cu_1.4Pb_2.4Bi_2.4Sb_0.2S₇	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.JB.25d	Proudite	CuPb_7.5Bi_9.33(S,Se)₂₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25h	Weibullite	Pb₅Bi₈Se₇S₁₁	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
2.JB.25b	Felbertalite	Cu₂Pb₆Bi₈S₁₉	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25j	Rouxelite	Cu₂HgPb₂₃Sb₂₇S_65.5	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25f	Ángelaite	Cu₂AgPbBiS₄	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
2.JB.25i	Cuproneyite	Cu₇Pb₂₇Bi₂₅S₆₈	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.30a	Geocronite	Pb₁₄Sb₆S₂₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.JB.30a	Jordanite	Pb₁₄As₆S₂₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.JB.30b	Kirkiite	Pb₁₀Bi₃As₃S₁₉	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.JB.30c	Tsugaruite	Pb₂₈As₁₅S₅₀Cl	Orth. mm2 : Pnn2
2.JB.30a	Marcobaldiite	Pb₁₂(Sb₃As₂Bi)_Σ6S₂₁	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.30a	Arsenmarcobaldiite	Pb₁₂(As_3.2Sb_2.8)_Σ6S₂₁	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.35c	Pillaite	Pb₉Sb₁₀S₂₃ClO_0.5	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.35a	Zinkenite	Pb₉Sb₂₂S₄₂	Hex. 6 : P6₃
2.JB.35b	Scainiite	Pb₁₄Sb₃₀S₅₄O₅	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.35d	Pellouxite	(Cu,Ag)Pb₁₀Sb₁₂S₂₇O(Cl,S)_0.6	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.35f	Tubulite	Ag₂Pb₂₂Sb₂₀S₅₃	Mon. m : Pb
2.JB.35e	Chovanite	Pb_15-2xSb_14+2xS₃₆O_x (x ~ 0.2)	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.40b	Aschamalmite	Pb_6-3xBi_2+xS₉	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.40a	Bursaite	Pb₅Bi₄S₁₁ (?)	Orth.
2.JB.40b	Eskimoite	Ag₇Pb₁₀Bi₁₅S₃₆	Mon.
2.JB.40a	Fizélyite	Ag₅Pb₁₄Sb₂₁S₄₈	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40a	Gustavite	AgPbBi₃S₆	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.JB.40a	Lillianite	Pb_3-2xAg_xBi_2+xS₆	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.JB.40c	Ourayite	Ag₃Pb₄Bi₅S₁₃	Orth.
2.JB.40a	Ramdohrite	Pb_5.9Fe_0.1Mn_0.1In_0.1Cd_0.2Ag_2.8Sb_10.8S₂₄	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40a	Roshchinite	Ag₁₉Pb₁₀Sb₅₁S₉₆	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
2.JB.40d	Schirmerite	PbAgBi₃S₆ - Pb₃Ag_1.5Bi_3.5S₉	Orth.
2.JB.40a	Treasurite	Ag₇Pb₆Bi₁₅S₃₂	Mon.
2.JB.40a	Uchucchacuaite	AgMnPb₃Sb₅S₁₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmm
2.JB.40e	Ustarasite	Pb(Bi,Sb)₆S₁₀ (?)
2.JB.40a	Vikingite	Ag₅Pb₈Bi₁₃S₃₀	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.40a	Xilingolite	Pb₃Bi₂S₆	Mon.
2.JB.40b	Heyrovskýite	Pb₆Bi₂S₉	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cccm
2.JB.40	UM1988-05-S:AgBiCuHgPb	(Hg,Ag,Cu,Pb)₅Pb₅Bi₁₁S₂₇
2.JB.40	UM1988-06-S:AgBiCuHgPb	(Pb,Hg)₁₂(Cu,Ag)₃(Bi,Sb)₁₀(S,Te)₂₇
2.JB.40a	Quatrandorite	AgPbSb₃S₆	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.40a	Menchettiite	AgPb_2.40Mn_1.60Sb₃As₂S₁₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.40a	Terrywallaceite	AgPb(Sb,Bi)₃S₆	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.40a	Jasrouxite	Ag₁₆Pb₄(Sb₂₄As₁₆)S₇₂	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.40a	Erzwiesite	Ag₈Pb₁₂Bi₁₆S₄₀	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
2.JB.40a	Staročeskéite	Ag_0.70Pb_1.60(Bi_1.35Sb_1.35)_Σ2.70S₆	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
2.JB.40a	Oyonite	Ag₃Mn₂Pb₄Sb₇As₄S₂₄	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40a	Holubite	Ag₃Pb₆(Sb₈Bi₃)S₂₄	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40b	Baiamareite	Ag₄Pb₁₂Fe₄Sb₂₀S₄₈	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.55	Gratonite	Pb₉As₄S₁₅	Trig. 3m : R3m
2.JB.60	Marrucciite	Hg₃Pb₁₆Sb₁₈S₄₆	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.65	Vurroite	Pb₂₀Sn₂(Bi,As)₂₂S₅₄Cl₆	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.JB.65	Tazieffite	Pb₂₀Cd₂(As,Bi)₂₂S₅₀Cl₁₀	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.JB.70	Daliranite	PbHgAs₂S₅	Mon.

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for WittiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-4301.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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References for WittiteHide

Reference List:

Johansson (1924), Arkiv för Kemi, Mineralogi och Geologi: 9: 2.

Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.

American Mineralogist (1977): 62: 397.

Mumme, William G. (1980) Seleniferous lead-bismuth sulphosalts from Falun, Sweden: weibullite, wittite, and nordströmite. American Mineralogist, 65 (7-8) 789-796

Mineralogy and Petrology (1992): 46: 137-153.

American Mineralogist (1993): 78: 238.

Borodaev, Y. S., Garavelli, A., Garbarino, C., Grillo, S. M., Mozgova, N. N., Organova, N. I., Trubkin, N. V., Vurro, F. (2000) Rare sulfosalts from Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy. III. Wittite and cannizzarite. The Canadian Mineralogist, 38 (1) 23-34 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.38.1.23

Moëlo, Yves, Makovicky, Emil, Mozgova, Nadejda N., Jambor, John L., Cook, Nigel, Pring, Allan, Paar, Werner, Nickel, Ernest H., Graeser, Stephan, Karup-Møller, Sven, Balic-unic, Tonči, Mumme, William G., Vurro, Filippo, Topa, Dan (2008) Sulfosalt systematics: a review. Report of the sulfosalt sub-committee of the IMA Commission on Ore Mineralogy. European Journal of Mineralogy, 20 (1) 7-62 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2008/0020-1778

(2023) Wittite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for WittiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Australia
Northern Territory Barkly Region Tennant Creek ⓘ Juno Mine ('Peko'; Explorer 8)	Simon et al. (1997)

China
Jiangxi Ganzhou Anyuan Co. ⓘ Pangushan Mine	Yingchen Ren (1999)
Yudu Co. ⓘ Tieshanlong Mine (Huangsha Mine)	Yingchen Ren (1999)

Germany
Baden-Württemberg Freiburg Region Waldshut Dachsberg Urberg ⓘ Gottesehre Mine ?	Walenta (1992)

Italy
Sicily Metropolitan City of Messina Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands) Lipari Vulcano Island ⓘ La Fossa crater	Borodaev et al. (2000)
Veneto Vicenza province Torrebelvicino ⓘ Castello Mountain	Antonio Zordan collection

Kazakhstan
Akmola Region Stepnogorsk Stepnyak group ⓘ Ishke-Ulmes deposit	Spiridonov (1982)

Morocco
Marrakesh-Safi Region Al Haouz Province Amizmiz Cercle Guedmioua Caïdat Azgour (Azegour) ⓘ Amensif deposit	Ilmen et al. (2024)

Poland
Lower Silesian Voivodeship Lwówek Śląski County Gmina Mirsk Gierczyn ⓘ Sn mine	Foltyn et al. (2020)

Romania
Bihor County Nucet ⓘ Băiţa mining district ?	Cook et al. (2002)
Caraş-Severin County ⓘ Oraviţa-Ciclova Cu-Mo-(W) ore field ?	Cook et al. (2002)

Russia
Chelyabinsk Oblast Plastovsky District Plast ⓘ Kochkar' Au deposit	Pekov (1998)
Magadan Oblast Omsukchansky District ⓘ Nevskoe W-Sn Deposit (Nevskoye; Nevskoje)	Can Min 38:23-34 +2 other references
Primorsky Krai Dalnegorsk Urban District Dalnegorsk ⓘ Partizanskoe Pb-Zn deposit (Partizansky)	Simanenko (2007)
Dalnerechensky District Malinovsky cluster ⓘ Kordonne deposit	Gvozdev et al. (2014)

Slovakia
Košice Region Rožňava District Ochtiná ⓘ Ochtiná-Rochovce Mo-W deposit	Koděra (1986)

Sweden (FRL)
Dalarna County Falun ⓘ Falun mine (FRL)	Arkiv Kemi Min.Geol. (1924) +2 other references

Switzerland
Valais Saint-Maurice Salvan Les Marécottes La Creusaz ⓘ La Creusaz U prospect	Brugger et al. (2003)

USA
Arizona Cochise County Middle Pass Mining District ⓘ Middlemarch Canyon	Anthony et al. (1990)
Middlemarch Pass area ⓘ Unnamed open pit prospect	Anthony et al. (1995)

Wittite

About WittiteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of WittiteHide

Classification of WittiteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Physical Properties of WittiteHide

Chemistry of WittiteHide

Crystallography of WittiteHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

First Recorded Occurrence of WittiteHide

Other Language Names for WittiteHide

Varieties of WittiteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for WittiteHide

References for WittiteHide

Localities for WittiteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide