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Sylvite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About SylviteHide

08796830014946374492563.jpg
François Sylvius de le Boe
Formula:
KCl
Colour:
Colourless, grey, white, yellowish to reddish, seldom blue or violet
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
1½ - 2
Specific Gravity:
1.993
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Name:
From Latin "sal digestibus Sylvii", salts of Sylvius, named after François Sylvius de le Boe (1614-1672), a physician and chemist of Leyden, Netherlands.
May deposit from volcanic gas, as shown in an experiment of Africano et al. (2002), in which it is a predominant precipitate at 550°C.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
3850
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3850:4
GUID
(UUID V4):
0ed0299f-3e5f-4da3-a88a-ee934400dfe9

IMA Classification of SylviteHide

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Classification of SylviteHide

3.AA.20

3 : HALIDES
A : Simple halides, without H2O
A : M:X = 1:1, 2:3, 3:5, etc.
9.1.1.2

9 : NORMAL HALIDES
1 : AX
8.1.6

8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
1 : Halides of the alkali metals and ammonium

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference
SylIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
SylWhitney & Evans (2010)Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371
SyvThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download
SylWarr (2020)Warr, L.N. (2020) Recommended abbreviations for the names of clay minerals and associated phases. Clay Minerals, 55, 261–264 doi:10.1180/clm.2020.30

Physical Properties of SylviteHide

Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colourless, grey, white, yellowish to reddish, seldom blue or violet
Streak:
White
Hardness:
1½ - 2 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {001}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
1.993(5) g/cm3 (Measured)    1.987 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of SylviteHide

Type:
Isotropic
RI values:
n = 1.4903
Birefringence:
Isotropic minerals have no birefringence
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
Distinct pleochroism observed in colored crystals with weak anomalous birefringence (especially noted in mechanically deformed crystals).
Comments:
Anomalously anisotropic when strained.

Chemistry of SylviteHide

Mindat Formula:
KCl
CAS Registry number:
7447-40-7

CAS Registry numbers are published by the American Chemical Society
Common Impurities:
Br,CO2=C,O

Crystallography of SylviteHide

Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:
Fm3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.2931 Å
Unit Cell V:
249.23 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Crystals cubic; cubooctahedral or octahedral habits less common. Massive, coarsely granular to compact. Columnar structure rare; as crusts.
Twinning:
On {111} (artificial crystals only).

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0003201SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040298
0003202SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040.04309
0003203SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040373
0003204SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040.19373
0003205SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040.39373
0003206SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040.86373
0003207SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020041.5373
0003208SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040473
0003209SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040.31473
0003210SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040.55473
0003211SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020041.02473
0003212SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020041.57473
0003213SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040573
0003214SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040.67573
0003215SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020041.17573
0003216SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020041.62573
0003217SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040673
0003218SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040.61673
0003219SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040.86673
0003220SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020041.34673
0003221SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020041.65673
0003222SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040773
0003223SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040.89773
0003224SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020041.5773
0003225SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020041.71773
0003226SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040873
0003227SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020040.99873
0003228SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020041.73873
0003229SylviteWalker D, Verma P K, Cranswick L M D, Jones R L, Clark S M, Buhre S (2004) Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity American Mineralogist 89 204-21020041.73873
0011329SylviteWyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York rocksalt structure Crystal Structures 1 85-23719630293
0011994SylviteAhtee M (1969) Lattice constants of some binary alkali halide solid solutions. Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae Series A6: Physica 313 1-1119690293
0012650SylviteWill G (1981) Energiedispersion und Synchrotronstrahlung: Eine neue Methode und eine neue Strahlenquelle fuer die Roentgenbeugung _cod_database_code 1000050 Fortschritte der Mineralogie 59 31-9419810293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

Epitaxial Relationships of SylviteHide

Epitaxial Minerals:
Epitaxy Comments:
Hematite inclusions with {0001} of hematite parallel to {001}, {111}, or {011} of halite. Minute halite inclusions oriented in parallel position to the sylvite.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.146 Å(100)
2.224 Å(59)
1.816 Å(23)
1.407 Å(20)
1.284 Å(13)
1.573 Å(8)
1.0490 Å(6)
0.8410 Å(6)
Comments:
Synthetic. Data from Swanson and Tatge (1953).

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration4.566-4.550
5 : Primary asteroid phases4.566–4.560
Near-surface Processes
21 : Chemically precipitated carbonate, phosphate, iron formations
25 : Evaporites (prebiotic)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals]
Geological Setting:
Evaporites in sedimentary basins, sublimate in volcanic fumaroles, burning coal.

Type Occurrence of SylviteHide

Place of Conservation of Type Material:
No designated type material.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Evaporite deposit

Synonyms of SylviteHide

Other Language Names for SylviteHide

Varieties of SylviteHide

Bromian SylviteA Br-bearing variety (2-6 wt.% Br), synthetic: experimentally deposited from volcanic (Iodake crater, Satsuma-Ioujima) gas in silica tubes (850oC at the inlet).
Rubidium-bearing SylviteA variety containing 0.5 wt.% Rb, synthetic: deposited from fumarolic gas of Iodake crater, Satsuma-Ioujima volcano, in silica tubes (850oC at the inlet).

Relationship of Sylvite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Other Members of this group:
CarobbiiteKFIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
GriceiteLiFIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
HaliteNaClIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
VilliaumiteNaFIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
98 photos of Sylvite associated with HaliteNaCl
9 photos of Sylvite associated with CarnalliteKMgCl3 · 6H2O
6 photos of Sylvite associated with LangbeiniteK2Mg2(SO4)3
5 photos of Sylvite associated with Bastnäsite-(Ce)Ce(CO3)F
4 photos of Sylvite associated with YtterbiumYb
4 photos of Sylvite associated with MolybdenumMo
2 photos of Sylvite associated with Congolite(Fe2+,Mg)3(B7O13)Cl
2 photos of Sylvite associated with Evaporite
2 photos of Sylvite associated with Glass
2 photos of Sylvite associated with SaltonseaiteK3NaMnCl6

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

3.AA.Brontesite(NH4)3PbCl5Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
3.AA.05MarshiteCuIIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
3.AA.05Miersite(Ag,Cu)IIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
3.AA.05NantokiteCuClIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
3.AA.05UM1999-11:I:CuSCu(I,S)
3.AA.10IodargyriteAgIHex. 6mm : P6mm
3.AA.10Tocornalite(Ag,Hg)IHex.
3.AA.15BromargyriteAgBrIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.15ChlorargyriteAgClIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.20CarobbiiteKFIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.20GriceiteLiFIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.20HaliteNaClIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
3.AA.20VilliaumiteNaFIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
3.AA.25SalammoniacNH4ClIso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
3.AA.25UM1998-03-Cl:TlTlCl
3.AA.25LafossaiteTl(Cl,Br)Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Pm3m
3.AA.25NataliyamalikiteTlIOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
3.AA.30Calomel[Hg2]2+Cl2Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
3.AA.30Kuzminite[Hg2]2+(Br,Cl)2Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
3.AA.30Moschelite[Hg2]2+I2Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
3.AA.35NeighboriteNaMgF3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
3.AA.35ParascandolaiteKMgF3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Pm3m
3.AA.40ChlorocalciteKCaCl3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
3.AA.40JavorieiteKFeCl3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
3.AA.45KolaritePbTeCl2Orth.
3.AA.50RadhakrishnaitePbTe3(Cl,S)2Tet.
3.AA.55ChallacolloiteKPb2Cl5Mon. 2/m : P21/b
3.AA.60HephaistositeTlPb2Cl5Mon. 2/m : P21/b
3.AA.90PseudocotunniteK2PbCl4Orth.

Other InformationHide

Thermal Behaviour:
Melts at 790°. Highly diathermanous.
Notes:
Water soluble. Taste salty but more astringent than halite.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Industrial Uses:
Source for potassium

Sylvite in petrologyHide

An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.

Internet Links for SylviteHide

References for SylviteHide

Reference List:

Localities for SylviteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Antarctica
 
  • Eastern Antarctica
    • Princess Elizabeth Land
      • Ingrid Christensen Coast
Gore et al. (2000)
    • Queen Maud Land
      • Lützow-Holm Bay
        • East Ongul Island
Watanuki/ Torii/ Nishiyama/ Morikawa
    • Victoria Land
      • Ross Archipelago
        • Ross Island
Kammerer (2011)
  • Western Antarctica
    • Antarctic Peninsula
      • South Shetland Islands
Viramonte et al. (1974)
Argentina
 
  • Mendoza Province
    • Malargüe Department
      • Malargüe District
Benedetto et al. (1998)
Australia
 
  • New South Wales
    • Westmoreland Co.
Podgson RE
    • Yancowinna Co.
      • Broken Hill district
Birch (1999)
  • Queensland
    • Cloncurry Shire
      • Rosebud Station
        • Mary Kathleen district
T.Kwak & P.Abeysinghe: "Rare earth and ... +1 other reference
  • Tasmania
    • Waratah-Wynyard municipality
      • Waratah district
        • Waratah
Bottrill +1 other reference
  • Western Australia
    • Kalgoorlie-Boulder Shire
      • Haig
        • Sleeper Camp
Berkley et al. (1978)
Austria
 
  • Burgenland
    • Neusiedl am See District
      • Illmitz
A.Csaplovics (2014)
A.Csaplovics (2014)
A.Csaplovics (2014)
A.Csaplovics (2014)
      • Sankt Andrä am Zicksee
A.Csaplovics (2014)
  • Lower Austria
    • Horn District
      • Drosendorf-Zissersdorf
        • Wollmersdorf (Zettlitz-Wollmersdorf)
Müller (2016)
  • Salzburg
    • Hallein District
      • Abtenau
        • Webing
Strasser (1989)
Strasser (1989)
    • St. Johann im Pongau District
      • Bad Gastein
Strasser (1989)
  • Tyrol
    • Innsbruck-Land District
      • Absam
        • Hall valley
Spötl (1989)
  • Upper Austria
    • Gmunden District
      • Hallstatt
Exel (1993)
Belarus
 
  • Minsk Region
    • Lyuban District
www.mindat.org (2022)
    • Salihorsk District
      • Soligorsk
Russian Journal of Earth Sciences Vol. 6 +2 other references
Belgium
 
  • Wallonia
    • Hainaut
      • Saint-Ghislain
Demaiffe et al. (1991)
Bolivia
 
  • Oruro
    • Sabaya Province
Kempff et al. (La Paz, 2009)
  • Potosí
Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998)
    • Sud Lípez Province
Bentz et al. (2017)
Bentz (2017)
Bentz (2017)
Botswana
 
  • North-West District
McCarthy et al. (1986)
Brazil
 
  • Mato Grosso
    • Juína
Kaminsky et al. (2013) +1 other reference
Kaminsky et al. (2015)
  • São Paulo
    • Cajati
Costanzo et al. (2006)
da Silva et al. (2000)
    • Rosário do Catete
www.cetem.gov.br (n.d.) +1 other reference
Canada
 
  • Manitoba
    • Ellice RM
B.B. Bannatyne (1983)
B.B. Bannatyne (1983)
  • New Brunswick
    • Kings Co.
      • Cardwell Parish
        • Penobsquis
Roulston et al. (1981) +1 other reference
  • Northwest Territories
    • Lac de Gras
Sharygin et al. (2013)
Kamenetsky et al. (2013)
Abersteiner et al. (2018)
  • Nova Scotia
    • Cumberland Co.
Rickaby (1923) +1 other reference
      • Pugwash
Boehner (1986)
  • Québec
    • Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine
      • Les Îles-de-la-Madeleine TE
        • Grosse Île
Îles de la Madeleine +1 other reference
    • Laurentides
      • Deux-Montagnes RCM
Chen et al. (2013)
  • Saskatchewan
Joel Grice (1989)
152. +3 other references
    • Rocanville
Collection of NHM
Cape Verde
 
  • Sotavento Islands
    • Fogo Island
Universidade de Evora +1 other reference
Chile
 
  • Antofagasta
    • Antofagasta Province
      • Antofagasta
        • Escondida
          • La Escondida Mine
Campos et al. (2002)
    • El Loa Province
      • Calama
        • Chuquicamata District
Cameron et al. (2007)
TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER ...
    • Tocopilla Province
      • María Elena
        • Oficina María Elena
Collao et al. (2002)
China
 
  • Inner Mongolia
    • Baotou City (Baotou Prefecture)
      • Bayan Obo mining district
        • Bayan Obo
H.-R. Fan et al.: International Geology Review 46 (7)
  • Liaoning
    • Dalian
      • Wafangdian City
Huifang Liu (2002)
  • Qinghai
    • Hainan
Sun Da-peng et al. (2002) +1 other reference
    • Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
      • Da Qaidam (Dachaidan Co.)
Xiyu Zheng (1994) +1 other reference
      • Golmud City (Ge'ermu Co.)
Dongsheng Hu (1990)
Botao Li et al. (2010) +1 other reference
Min Mo et al. (1986) +1 other reference
      • Mangnai City (Mangya Co.)
Shaoxiu Yang (1991) +1 other reference
        • Lenghu Co.
Xiyu Zheng (1994)
Xiying Zhang et al. (2007)
Shaoxiu Yang (1991)
Yuhua Chen et al. (1998)
  • Shandong
    • Linyi
      • Mengyin County
        • Mengyin Kimberlite field
          • Changma Kimberlite belt
Gorshkov et al. (2006)
  • Shanxi
    • Shuozhou
Xiong et al. (2022)
  • Sichuan
    • Chengdu
Zhang Bing et al. (2018)
  • Tibet
    • Nagchu Prefecture (Naqu Prefecture)
      • Nyima Co. (Nima Co.)
Qian Wu et al. (2013)
      • Shuanghu Co.
Shaoxiu Yang (1991)
    • Xigazê Prefecture (Rikaze Prefecture; Shigatse Prefecture)
      • Zhongba Co.
Yong-Sheng Zhang et al. (2005)
  • Xinjiang
    • Bayin'gholin Autonomous Prefecture (Bayingolin Autonomous Prefecture; Bayinguoleng Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Ruoqiang Co. (Qakilik Co.; Chaqiliq Co.)
Bingxiao Li (1992)
Yanling Tang (2005)
    • Hami Prefecture (Kumul Prefecture; Qumul Prefecture)
      • Yizhou District
Yanling Tang (2005)
    • Turpan
      • Gaochang District
Yanling Tang (2005)
      • Shanshan Co.
        • Kanggur-Xifengshan gold belt
Kaiyin Bai and Zhaoxin Han (2007)
  • Yunnan
    • Nujiang
Chunji Xue et al. (2006)
    • Pu'er
      • Jiangcheng County
Weihao Yue et al. (2011) +3 other references
Costa Rica
 
  • Alajuela Province
    • San Carlos Canton
      • Arenal Vulcano National Parc
Stoiber et al. (1974)
DR Congo
 
  • North Kivu
    • Nyiragongo Territory
Bailey
El Salvador
 
  • Sonsonate Department
Stoiber et al. (1974)
Ethiopia
 
  • Afar Region
Holwerda et al. (1968)
Hovland et al. (2019)
Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference
Eurasian Plate
 
  • Greater Khorat Basin
Wang et al. (2017)
Finland
 
  • Lapland
    • Savukoski
      • Tulppio
gac.esd.mun.ca (n.d.)
France
 
  • Grand Est
    • Haut-Rhin
      • Thann-Guebwiller
Belot (1978)
    • Moselle
      • Sarrebourg-Château-Salins
  • Occitanie
    • Gard
      • Alès
        • Saint-Julien-les-Rosiers
De Ascenção Guedes R. (2006)
  • Réunion
Vlastélic et al. (2013)
Germany
 
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald
        • Buggingen
Braitsch et al. (1964)
  • Hesse
    • Kassel Region
      • Fulda
        • Neuhof
Krah et al. (1988)
      • Hersfeld-Rotenburg
        • Heringen
Weiß (1990)
        • Phillippsthal
Weiß (1990)
  • Lower Saxony
    • Celle District
      • Wathlingen
Weiß (1990)
    • Göttingen District
      • Bovenden
        • Reyershausen
Niemann (1960)
    • Hanover Region
      • Lehrte
Weiss: "Mineralienfundstellen et al. (Munich)
      • Ronnenberg
Weiss: "Mineralienfundstellen et al. (Munich)
      • Uetze
        • Hänigsen
Weiß (1990) +1 other reference
      • Wunstorf
        • Bokeloh
mrdata.usgs.gov (n.d.)
    • Lüneburg District
      • Lüneburg
Weiß (1990)
    • Northeim District
      • Uslar
        • Volpriehausen
Palache et al. (1951)
  • Mecklenburg-West Pomerania
    • Ludwigslust-Parchim
Palache et al. (1951)
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Cologne
      • Aachen
        • Alsdorf
in: Stracher +1 other reference
  • Rhineland-Palatinate
    • Mayen-Koblenz
      • Mendig
        • Mendig
Blass +1 other reference
Blass +1 other reference
          • Wingertsberg
Blass +1 other reference
      • Pellenz
        • Kruft
Blass +1 other reference
    • Südwestpfalz
      • Hauenstein
        • Wilgartswiesen
Frenzel (1964)
Frenzel (1964)
  • Saxony-Anhalt
    • Aschersleben
Palache et al. (1951)
    • Bernburg
Witzke (2012)
    • Börde
      • Flechtingen
        • Beendorf
www.mineralienatlas.de (n.d.)
      • Zielitz
Leon Hupperichs collection
    • Salzlandkreis
      • Börde-Hakel
        • Westeregeln
Naumann
      • Bördeaue
        • Tarthun
      • Staßfurt
Palache et al. (1951)
...
  • Thuringia
    • Kyffhäuser District
      • Sondershausen
Palache et al. (1951)
    • Nordhausen District
Effmert +1 other reference
Effmert et al. (2007)
BOEKE (1909)
Leon Hupperichs collection
      • Sollstedt
www.harzergruben.de (n.d.)
    • Wartburg District
      • Krayenberggemeinde
W.I. Borrisenkow (1968)
Greece
 
  • Central Macedonia
    • Chalkidiki
      • Polygyros
Sideridis et al. (2022)
Sideridis et al. (2022)
  • North Aegean
    • Samos
      • Eastern Samos
Helvaci et al. (1993)
Hungary
 
  • Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County
    • Tokaj District
      • Erdőbénye
Society of Economic Geologists Student Chapter University of Miskolc (2018)
Iceland
 
  • Southern Region
    • Vestmannaeyjar
      • Vestmannaeyjar archipelago (Westman islands)
        • Heimaey island
Mitolo et al. (2008)
India
 
  • Rajasthan
    • Nagaur District
Sinha et al. (2003)
Indonesia
 
  • Special Region of Yogyakarta
Symonds (1993)
Iran
 
  • Hormozgan Province
    • Khamir County
Talbot et al. (2009)
Israel
 
  • Northern District (HaZafon District)
    • Northern Jordan Valley
Cowgill (1989)
Italy
 
  • Apulia
    • Metropolitan City of Bari
      • Gravina in Puglia
D’Angeli et al. (2022)
      • Molfetta
        • Pulo di Molfetta
Laviano R. (2007)
  • Calabria
    • Cosenza Province
      • Cassano all'Ionio (Cassano allo Ionio)
Catalano et al. (2014)
  • Campania
    • Naples
      • Bacoli
Fedele L. et al. (2006)
      • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
        • Boscotrecase
Parascandola (1959)
Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference
Pelloux (1927) +3 other references
        • Ottaviano
Parascandola (1959) +1 other reference
  • Sicily
    • Agrigento Province
      • Racalmuto
        • Racalmuto saliferous deposit
Adamo S. (1979)
Adamo S. (1979)
Jervis G. (1881) +1 other reference
Jervis G. (1881) +1 other reference
    • Caltanissetta Province
Jervis (1881)
        • Belici salt deposit
Jervis (1873) +1 other reference
      • San Cataldo (San Cattaldo)
Roda (1970) +3 other references
    • Enna Province
      • Calascibetta
Jervis G. (1881)
      • Enna
Roda (1970) +4 other references
    • Metropolitan City of Catania
      • Etna Volcanic Complex
AA. VV. +2 other references
      • Zafferana Etnea
www.cse.speleo.it
    • Metropolitan City of Messina
      • Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands)
        • Lipari
AA. VV. +5 other references
          • Vulcano Island
Italo Campostrini list - 2008
    • Syracuse Province
      • Buscemi
Manuella (2011)
Japan
 
  • Fukushima Prefecture
    • Minamisōma City
Seki et al. (1987)
  • Kagoshima Prefecture
    • Kagoshima District
      • Mishima village
- (E. Nitta, M. Kimata, M. Hoshino, T. Echigo, S. Hamasaki, H. Shinohara, N. Nishida, T. Hatta, M. Shimizu )
E. Nitta et al. (2006)
Africano et al. (2002) +1 other reference
  • Tokyo Metropolis
    • Ōshima Subprefecture
      • Oshima
        • Oshima Island
Dr. Kinichi Sakurai collection
Kazakhstan
 
  • Aktobe Region
    • Aktobe
ERCOSPAN (2011)
    • Shalkar District
      • Aksai Valley
ERCOSPAN (2011) +1 other reference
  • Atyrau Region
    • Inder District
Pekov et al. (1993) +2 other references
Kenya
 
  • Trans-Nzoia County
    • Mount Elgon
Bowell et al. (1996)
Laos
 
  • Khammouane Province
    • Thakhek District
Xiying Zhang et al. (2010) +1 other reference
Mexico
 
  • Chihuahua
    • Aquiles Serdán Municipality
      • Santa Eulalia Mining District
        • East Camp
Megaw
  • Coahuila
    • Cuatro Ciénegas Municipality
      • Cuatro Ciénegas (Cuatrociénegas de Carranza; Venustiano Carranza)
        • Limestone caves
Forti (2006)
  • Guanajuato
Mariano et al. (2014, June)
  • Mexico
    • Zacazonapan Municipality
Bull. Minéral.
Morocco
 
  • Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra Region
    • Tarfaya Province
      • Daoura-El Hagounia Cercle
        • El Hagounia Caïdat
A. J. Irving et al. (2010)
Namibia
 
  • Erongo Region
    • Walvis Bay Rural
      • Okahandja Lineament Playas
Eckardt et al. (2010)
  • Otjozondjupa Region
    • Otjiwarongo Constituency
      • Kalkfeld
American Mineralogist +1 other reference
Buhn et al. (2002)
Netherlands
 
  • Gelderland
    • Winterswijk
      • Ratum
T.G. Nijland
  • Groningen
    • Groningen
      • Zuidwending
nlog.nitg.tno.nl (n.d.)
Pichat (2022)
New Zealand
 
  • Waikato Region
    • Hauraki District
      • Paeroa
members.segweb.org (n.d.) +3 other references
Nicaragua
 
  • León Department
Stoiber et al. (1974)
Niger
 
  • Agadez
Saidou et al. (2015)
Saidou et al. (2015)
  • Tahoua
    • Abalak
Saidou et al. (2015)
Saidou et al. (2015)
Norway
 
  • Agder
    • Farsund
Konnerup-Madsen (1979) +1 other reference
  • Buskerud
    • Drammen
      • Konnerud
Segalstad et al. (2002)
    • Kongsberg
Hansteen et al. (1994)
    • Øvre Eiker
      • Gunhildrud
Jahren et al. (1998)
  • Nordland
    • Flakstad
      • Flakstadøya
        • Nusfjord
Markl et al. (1998)
  • Telemark
    • Kragerø
Larsen (2018)
  • Viken
    • Eidsvoll
      • Minnesund
Rondeau et al. (2008)
Pakistan
 
  • Punjab Province
    • Jhelum District
      • Khewra
Ullah (1963)
Peru
 
  • Lima
    • Huarochirí Province
Alvarez A et al. (1988)
  • Piura
    • Huancabamba Province
      • Canchaque
arlson et al. (1980)
Poland
 
  • Greater Poland Voivodeship
    • Koło County
      • Gmina Kłodawa
Jirásek +7 other references
  • Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
    • Inowrocław County
      • Inowrocław
Eligiusz Szełęg collection
  • Lesser Poland Voivodeship
    • Olkusz County
      • Gmina Bolesław
J. Cabala et al. (2008)
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Kłodzko County
      • Nowa Ruda
        • Słupiec Mine
Fabiańska et al. (Poland)
    • Lubin County
Kucha (2021) +1 other reference
    • Polkowice County
      • Gmina Polkowice
Kucha (2021) +1 other reference
  • Podlaskie Voivodeship
Volume 26 +1 other reference
  • Silesian Voivodeship
    • Wodzisław County
      • Radlin
Ł. Kruszewski PXRD data (to be published soon)
Republic of the Congo
 
  • Kouilou Department
de Ruiter (1979)
    • Madingo-Kayes
Henry Rauche (2009)
Romania
 
  • Alba County
    • Lupșa
      • Mușca
A.H. Damman et al.
Russia
 
  • Arkhangelsk Oblast
    • Zimny Bereg District
      • Zimny Bereg kimberlite field
        • Verkhotina occurrence
Golovin et al. (2023)
  • Irkutsk Oblast
Andreeva et al. (2006, May)
    • Lena-Angara salt Basin
Pekov (1998)
    • Lower Tunguska
      • Nepa River basin
Pekov et al. (2001) +2 other references
    • Nizhneilimsky District
      • Zheleznogorsk-Ilimsky
Mazurov et al. (2007) +1 other reference
  • Kamchatka Krai
    • Milkovsky District
      • Tolbachik Volcanic field
        • Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture)
          • Northern Breakthrough (North Breach)
Vergasova L P et al. (1988) +1 other reference
Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data +1 other reference
Pekov et al. (2015) +1 other reference
Pekov et al. (2015)
Vergasova et al. (2000)
        • Plosky Tolbachik Volcano
Sharygin et al. (2018) +1 other reference
    • Yelizovsky District
      • Kronotsky Reserve
Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka
  • Krasnoyarsk Krai
    • Maimecha and Kotui Rivers Basin
Henderson et al. (1999)
Pekin et al. (2010) +1 other reference
  • Orenburg Oblast
    • Kumak ore field
Hawthorne et al. (1988)
  • Perm Krai
    • Solikamsky District
      • Solikamsk
Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) +1 other reference
          • Romanovskiy area
Chaikovskiy et al. (2019)
  • Primorsky Krai
    • Mikhaylovsky District
V.V. Seredin data
  • Sakha
    • Anabarsky District
Logvinova et al. (2019)
    • Mirninsky District
      • Daldyn
M. Kamenetsky et al. +2 other references
    • Upper Muna kimberlite field (Verkhne-Munskoe; Verkhnemunsky)
Potapov et al. (2022) +1 other reference
  • Sakhalin Oblast
    • Kuril Islands (Kurile Islands)
      • Kurilsky District
        • Iturup Island
Africano et al. (2003) +3 other references
  • Tuva
Sharygin (2016) +1 other reference
  • Udmurt Republic
    • Votkinsky District
webmineral.ru (n.d.)
  • Volgograd Oblast
    • Pallasovsky District
Korytov et al. (2005, May)
Seychelles
 
Gorshkov et al. (2000)
South Africa
 
  • Free State
    • Thabo Mofutsanyane District Municipality
      • Setsoto Local Municipality
        • Clocolan
Kamenetsky et al. (2014)
  • North West
    • Ngaka Modiri Molema District Municipality
      • Ramotshere Moiloa Local Municipality
Martini (1978) +1 other reference
  • Northern Cape
    • Frances Baard District Municipality
      • Sol Plaatje Local Municipality
        • Kimberley
          • KEM JV Mine (Kimberley Ekapa Mining Joint Venture mine; Kimberley Underground mine)
Giuliani et al. (2012) +1 other reference
Spain
 
  • Catalonia
    • Barcelona
      • Bages
        • Cardona
Calvo (2006) +1 other reference
Calvo (2006)
        • Sallent
Calvo (2006)
        • Súria
Calvo (2006)
  • Extremadura
    • Badajoz
      • Mérida
J.C. Fernandez-caliani et al.
  • Valencian Community
    • Alicante
      • Orihuela
Benavente et al. (2018, September)
Sweden
 
  • Norrbotten County
    • Kiruna
      • Kiruna Town Mining District
Lindblom et al. (1996)
  • Västernorrland County
    • Sundsvall
Kresten (1990)
Switzerland
 
  • Valais
    • Goms
      • Binn
        • Fäld
Müller (2012)
Tanzania
 
  • Arusha region
    • Ngorongoro District
Mitchell (1997) +6 other references
Thailand
 
  • Maha Sarakham Province
Tabakh et al. (1998)
  • Nakhon Ratchasima Province
    • Chaloem Phra Kiat district
Suwanich (2010)
Tunisia
 
  • Kef
    • Sakiet Sidi Youssef (Saqiyat Sidi Yusuf)
Mlayah et al. (2009)
  • Zaghouan
    • Sidi Jedidi (Sidi Jadidi)
Yoshida et al. (2002)
Turkmenistan
 
  • Lebap
    • Chardzhou
      • Gaurdak basin (Gaurdok basin)
Yongsheng Zhang et al. (2005)
Yongsheng Zhang et al. (2005)
Uganda
 
  • Western Region
    • Kasese
      • Katwe-Kikorongo volcanic field (Katwe volcanic field)
Kasedde et al. (2014)
UK
 
  • England
    • North Yorkshire
      • Redcar and Cleveland
        • Loftus
Embrey (1978) +3 other references
      • Scarborough
        • Eskdaleside cum Ugglebarnby
Armstrong et al. (1951)
Mineralogical Magazine 1951 29 : ...
Armstrong et al. (1951)
        • Hawsker-cum-Stainsacre
Smith et al. (2014)
        • LCPs of Fylingdales and Hawsker-cum-Stainsacre
Smith et al. (2014)
Kemp et al. (2016)
      • Stockton-on-Tees
        • Billingham
Mineralogical Magazine 1959 32 : ...
Ukraine
 
  • Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
Bukowski +3 other references
  • Lviv Oblast
    • Drohobych Raion
      • Drohobych
Griniv et al. (1986)
  • Zhytomyr Oblast
    • Zhytomyr Raion
Bailey +1 other reference
USA
 
  • Alabama
    • Clarke County
Cook et al. (1982)
  • Arizona
    • Apache & Navajo Cos.
Peirce (1969) +1 other reference
    • Maricopa County
- (n.d.) +1 other reference
  • California
    • Imperial County
RRUFF Project Specimen ID: R050166 +1 other reference
        • Mullet Island
Adams et al. (2014)
    • Inyo County
      • Deep Springs Valley
Jones (1961) +2 other references
- (2005)
  • Colorado
    • Dolores County
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Gunnison County
      • Dorchester Mining District
        • Taylor Park
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Montezuma County
Eckel et al. (1997)
  • Illinois
    • Hancock County
      • Hamilton
Mahaffey et al. (2022)
  • Louisiana
    • Iberia Parish
R&M 69:3 pp 156-162
R&M 69:3 pp 156-162
    • Plaquemines Parish
Smith (1994)
Smith (1994)
  • Michigan
Heinrich et al. (2004)
Heinrich et al. (2004)
  • Nevada
    • Humboldt County
      • Sulphur Mining District
        • Sulphur
          • Hycroft Mine
Castor et al. (2004)
    • Lander County
      • Battle Mountain Mining District
        • Copper Canyon mine
Castor et al. (2004)
    • White Pine County
Castor et al. (2004)
  • New Mexico
Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference
    • Eddy County
AmMin 47:152
Hawley +5 other references
NMBMMR Bull 87 Mineral and Water ... +1 other reference
- (2005)
- (2005)
Keith Christy specimens +1 other reference
NMBMMR Bull 87 Mineral and Water ... +1 other reference
- (2005)
NMBMMR Bull 87 Mineral and Water ...
NMBMMR Bull 87 Mineral and Water ...
- (2005)
NMBMMR Bull 87 Mineral and Water ...
NMBMMR Bull 87 Mineral and Water ...
NMBMMR Bull 87 Mineral and Water ... +1 other reference
- (2005)
- (2005)
Northrop et al. (1996)
- (2005)
- (2005)
    • Lincoln County
      • Capitan Mountains
Northrop et al. (1996)
  • New York
    • Livingston County
      • Retsof
Robinson et al. (2007)
      • York
Jensen (1978)
  • North Dakota
Geology of Bottineau County (North Dakota Geological Survey) +1 other reference
www.dmr.nd.gov (2009)
www.dmr.nd.gov (2009)
  • Texas
    • Duval County
      • Benavides
Smith (1991)
    • Jefferson County
      • Hamshire
Darrell Munson et al. (2003)
    • Matagorda County
      • Clemville
R&M 45:6 pp 371-379
    • Presidio County
      • Chinati Mountains
        • Shafter Mining District
GSA Conference (2001)
Alminas +2 other references
  • Utah
    • Emery County
- (2005)
    • Grand County
- (2005)
- (2005)
      • Crescent Eagle
- (2005)
- (2005)
Bullock (1981)
      • Interriver Mining District
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
      • Little Grand Mining District
- (2005)
      • Mineral Canyon Mining District
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
Bullock (1981)
- (2005)
Bullock (1981)
- (2005)
- (2005)
      • Thompsons Mining District
Bullock (1981)
    • San Juan County
      • Lisbon Valley Mining District
- (2005)
Bullock (1981)
      • Paradox Basin
Omer B. Raup and Beth M. Madsen (1986)
Bullock (1981)
    • Tooele County
      • Bonneville Salt Flats
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
      • Salt Flats
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
      • Silver Island Mining District
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
Bullock (1981)
The Moon
 
  • Mare Crisium
Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
 
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