The mineralogy of Xenon
About Xenon |
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Xenon is a noble gas and as such does not form any natural minerals. |
General Properties | |
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Symbol: | Xe |
Atomic Number: | 54 |
Standard atomic weight (Ar): | 131.293(6) |
Electron configuration: | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6 |
Photos | ||
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< | Xenon filled discharge tube | > |
Atomic Properties | |
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Atomic Radius: | 108 pm |
Ionic Radius: | 48 pm (+8) |
Van der Waals Radius: | 216 pm |
1st Ionization energy: | 1170 kJ/mol |
Oxidation States: | 2,4,6,8 |
Physical Properties | |
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Standard State: | gas |
Bonding Type: | atomic |
Melting Point: | 161 K |
Boiling Point: | 165 K |
Density: | 0.01 g/cm3 |
Metal/Non-Metal: | noble gas |
Main isotopes of Xenon | ||||
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Isotope | % in Nature | Half Life | Decay type | Decay product |
124Xe | 0.095% | >4.8×1016y | β+β+ ? | 124Te |
125Xe | synthetic | 16.9h | ε | 125I |
126Xe | 0.089% | - | β+β+ ? | 126Te |
127Xe | synthetic | 36.345d | ε | 127I |
128Xe | 1.91% | - | Spontaneous fission ? | |
129Xe | 25.4% | - | Spontaneous fission ? | |
130Xe | 4.07% | - | Spontaneous fission ? | |
131Xe | 21.2% | - | Spontaneous fission ? | |
132Xe | 26.9% | - | Spontaneous fission ? | |
133Xe | synthetic | 5.247d | β− | 133Cs |
134Xe | 10.4% | >1.1×1016y | β-β- ? | 134Ba |
135Xe | synthetic | 9.14h | β− | 135Cs |
136Xe | 8.86% | 2.165×1021y | β-β- | 136Ba |
Main ions of Xenon | ||||
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Name | Ion | Example minerals | ||
xenon(IV) | Xe4+ | |||
xenon(VI) | Xe6+ | |||
xenon(VIII) | Xe8+ |
Other Information | |
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Year Discovered: | 1898 |
Discovered By: | William Ramsay and Morris Travers |
Year Isolated: | 1898 |
Isolated By: | William Ramsay and Morris Travers |
Named For: | From the Greek: xenos - "foreign, a stranger" |
CPK color coding: | #429EB0 |
External Links: | WikipediaWebElementsLos Alamos National LaboratoryTheodore Gray's PeriodicTable.com |
Simple Compounds | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Fluorides | xenon hexafluoride | XeF6 | +6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
xenon tetrafluoride | XeF4 | +4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oxides | xenon trioxide | XeO3 | +6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
xenon tetroxide | XeO4 | +8 |
Geochemistry of Xenon | |
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Goldschmidt classification: | Atmophile |
Elemental Abundance for Xenon | ||
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Crust (CRC Handbook) | 3 x 10-11 | mass fraction, kg/kg |
Sea Water (CRC Handbook) | 5 x 10-11 | mass per volume fraction, kg/L |
Sea Water (Kaye & Laby) | 4.7 x 10-11 | mass per volume fraction, kg/L |
Atmosphere (NASA) | 0.087ppm | as Xe |
Solar System (Kaye & Laby) | 4.8 x 10-6 | atom mole fraction relative to Si=1 |
Solar System (Ahrens) | 4.70 x 10-6 (20%) | atom mole fraction relative to Si=1 (% uncertainty) |
Periodic Table | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Iodine << Xenon >> Caesium |
Spotted a mistake/omission? - These pages are a work in progress, so please send all comments/corrections to jolyon@mindat.org. Thank you.
Constants and physical property data from:
David R. Lide (ed.), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005).
Kaye and Laby Tables of Physical & Chemical Constants (2005). Section 3.1.3, Abundances of the elements
A. Earnshaw, N. Greenwood, Chemistry of the Elements, 2nd edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, (1997)
Thomas J. Ahrens (ed.), Global Earth Physics : A Handbook of Physical Constants, American Geophysical Union (1995)
L.B. Railsback, An Earth Scientist's Periodic Table of the Elements and Their Ions : Geology 31:9 p737-740 (2003)
Emsley, J. Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements. New York: Oxford University Press (2001)