 | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | assemblages at the Viceroy Mine, Harare-Bindura-Shamva greenstone belt, Zimbabwe T. OBERTHÜR* AND ...2008] ABSTR ACT Gold mineralization at the Viceroy Mine is hosted in extensional veins in steep shear...‘protojoseite’ (Bi3TeS), an unnamed mineral (Bi6Te2S), bismuthinite (Bi2S3), native Bi, native gold, maldonite (Au2Bi)...liquid/melt-collecting mechanism was probably active at Viceroy Mine, where the distinct Au-Bi-TeS assemblage either...thus leading to an upgrade of the gold ores at Viceroy. The Au-Bi-Te-S assemblage represents an epithermal-style |  | Vasiliev, V. I., Borisenko, A. S., Mortsev, N. K., Khoa, C. C., Fyong, N. T. (2011) Jonassonite (AuBi5S4) from the Dakripen gold deposit in Vietnam. Geology of Ore Deposits, 53 (7) 614-619 doi:10.1134/s107570151107021x | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | sections together with pyrite; galena; sphalerite; bismuthinite; ikunolite; native bismuth; and, occasionally...with ikunolite and slightly higher than that of bismuthinite, and weak pleochro ism and visible anisotropy...phase or a mixture of a gold–silver alloy with bismuthinite Bi2S3. These two publications pre 1 Corresponding...Spain (Cepedal et al., 2006), and the Viceroy Mine in Zimbabwe (Oberthür and Weisser, 2008). Hence, the...ore minerals include bornite, sphaler ite, bismuthinite, native bismuth and gold, ikunolite, bravoite |  | Bristol, Samantha K., Spry, Paul G., Voudouris, Panagiotis Ch., Melfos, Vasilios, Mathur, Ryan D., Fornadel, Andrew P., Sakellaris, Gregory Aarne (2015) Geochemical and geochronological constraints on the formation of shear-zone hosted Cu–Au–Bi–Te mineralization in the Stanos area, Chalkidiki, northern Greece. Ore Geology Reviews, 66. 266-282 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2014.11.001 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | and crystalline rocks of the Rhodope Massif to the east. This area contains the Paliomylos, Chalkoma, and...likely related to the Strymon detachment (on the east of Kerdyllion detachment) that started operating...= 144–287 °C δ34S: Py and Apy 3.2–6.8‰ Viceroy, Zimbabwe Archean Metabasalt Mineralization in normal...al. (1995), Oberthür and Weiser (2008) Mazowe, Zimbabwe Archean Granodiorite, quartz–feldspar porphyry...Aikinite, Alt = Altaite, Apy = Arsenopyrite, Bmt = Bismuthinite, Bn = Bornite, Brn = Bournonite, Bth = Berthierite |  | Acosta-Gongora, P., Gleeson, S. A., Samson, I. M., Ootes, L., Corriveau, L. (2015) Gold Refining by Bismuth Melts in the Iron Oxide-Dominated NICO Au-Co-Bi ( Cu W) Deposit, NWT, Canada. Economic Geology, 110 (2) 291-314 doi:10.2113/econgeo.110.2.291 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | variable amounts of Co, together with native Bi (±bismuthinite) and Au, with lesser magnetite, marcasite, pyrite...retrograde mineralization consists of a chalcopyrite-bismuthinite-hematite-chlorite assemblage, together with...mineral deposits (e.g., NICO deposit; Tennant Creek district, Australia; Idaho cobalt belt, United States;...include deposits in the AuCu-Bi Tennant Creek district (Skirrow and Walshe, 2002), the Co-Cu-Au-Bi-Y-REE...arsenopyrite and loellingite, cobaltite, native Bi, bismuthinite, chalcopyrite, and emplectite, all of which |  | Paar, W. H., Putz, H., Topa, D., Roberts, A. C., Stanley, C. J., Culetto, F. J. (2006) Jonassonite, Au(Bi,Pb)5S4, a new mineral species from Nagyborzsony, Hungary. The Canadian Mineralogist, 44 (5) 1127-1136 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.44.5.1127 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | chalcopyrite, native gold, native bismuth, bismuthinite, ikunolite, cosalite, lillianite and possibly...inclusions of native bismuth, ikunolite and bismuthinite. It is megascopically tin-white with a metallic...sphalérite, chalcopyrite, or natif, bismuth natif, bismuthinite, ikunolite, cosalite, lillianite, et possiblement...inclusions de bismuth natif, d’ikunolite et de bismuthinite. Il s’agit d’un minéral blanc-étain avec un...natural Au–Bi sulfide mineral, from the Tsugahira mine, southwestern Japan, was by Hamasaki et al. (1986) |  | Ciobanu, Cristiana L., Birch, William D., Cook, Nigel J., Pring, Allan, Grundler, Pascal V. (2010) Petrogenetic significance of Au–Bi–Te–S associations: The example of Maldon, Central Victorian gold province, Australia. Lithos, 116 (1) 1-17 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2009.12.004 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | decomposition of maldonite (gold + bismuth); and (3) bismuthinite + gold from decomposition of maldonite or jonassonite...Thermodynamic modelling of maldonite replacement by bismuthinite and gold indicates conditions to overlap with...orogenic gold systems (Viceroy Mine, Harare–Bindura–Shamva greenstone belt, Zimbabwe; Oberthür and Weiser...(Cook et al., 2007a,b; Ciobanu et al., 2009b). Bismuthinite, Bi2S3, which has orthorhombic symmetry, is...Maldon deposit Gold was first found in the Maldon district (then known as Tarrengower), about 135 km northwest |  | Dana, Cendi D. P., Agangi, Andrea, Idrus, Arifudin, Lai, Chun-Kit, Simbolon, Doly R. (2022) Bi-Ag-Sulfosalts and Sulfoarsenides in the Ruwai Zn-Pb-Ag Skarn Deposit, Central Borneo, Indonesia. Minerals, 12 (12) 1564 doi:10.3390/min12121564 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia Fortescue Metals Group Ltd., East Perth, WA 6004, Australia PT Kapuas Prima Coal,...bismuth, tetrahedrite, cossalite, tsumoite, bismuthinite, joseite-B, Bi6 Te2 S, Bi-Pb-Te-S, Bi-Ag-S,...types identified, including tsumoite (BiTe), bismuthinite (Bi2 S3 ), Joseite-B (Bi4 Te2 S), Bi6 Te2 S...50–74.50 bdl bdl 19.60–20.37 2.65–2.85 5 Bismuthinite 1 Bi2 S3 79.5 n.d. n.d. n.d. 18.83 6...associated with magnetite and hematite, whereas bismuthinite is found as tiny inclusions within galena. Bi6 |  | Voudouris, P. C., Spry, P. G., Mavrogonatos, C., Sakellaris, G.-A., Bristol, S. K., Melfos, V., Fornadel, A. P. (2013) Bismuthinite derivatives, lillianite homologues, and bismuth sulfotellurides as indicators of gold mineralization in the Stanos shear-zone related deposit, Chalkidiki, northern Greece. The Canadian Mineralogist, 51 (1) 119-142 doi:10.3749/canmin.51.1.119 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | 119-142 (2013) DOI : 10.3749/canmin.51.1.119 BISMUTHINITE DERIVATIVES, LILLIANITE HOMOLOGUES, AND BISMUTH...association consists mainly of Bi sulfosalts (bismuthinite derivatives, lillianite homologues, matildite)...Bi-Pb-bearing sulfotellurides). The bismuthinite derivatives are mainly bismuthinite (including cuprian varieties)...+ native bismuth + bismuth sulfotellurides → bismuthinite-aikinite solid solution series→ matildite +...contribution to the ore-forming fluid. Keywords: bismuthinite derivatives, lillianite homologues, bismuth |  | Ciobanu, Cristiana L., Cook, Nigel J., Pring, Allan, Brugger, Joël, Danyushevsky, Leonid V., Shimizu, Masaaki (2009) ‘Invisible gold’ in bismuth chalcogenides. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 73 (7) 1970-1999 doi:10.1016/j.gca.2009.01.006 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | sulfosalts (cosalite, lillianite, hodrushite, bismuthinite, and aikinite), and accompanying altaite. Gold...respectively. Bismuthinite derivatives have lower Au concentrations: <2 ppm in bismuthinite and up to 542...veins in the Viceroy and Harare deposits, Harare–Bindura–Shamva greenstone belt, Zimbabwe (Oberthür and...compositional plot. Abbreviations: Ai, aikinite; Bism, bismuthinite; Cos, cosalite; Gus, gustavite; Lil, lillianite...tetrahedral vacancies (e.g., in cosalite and bismuthinite derivatives) allows for Ag and Cu incorporation |  | Cepedal, Antonia, Martínez-Abad, Iker, Fuertes-Fuente, Mercedes, Lima, Alexandre (2013) The presence of plumboan ingodite and a rare Bi-Pb tellurosulfide, Pb3Bi4Te4S5, in the Limarinho Gold deposit, Northern Portugal. The Canadian Mineralogist, 51 (4) 643-651 doi:10.3749/canmin.51.4.643 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | granite located in northern Portugal (Vila Real district) (Fig. 1). The gold mineralization is accompanied...by Lipovetskiy et al. (1977) from the Alekeseyev mine, Siberia (Russia), is known from fewer than ten...lillianite homologues (Lil), galena (Gn), and bismuthinite (Bmt). (e) Multiphase aggregate filling an interstitial...galena. Other minerals that may be present are bismuthinite, native-Bi, and hessite. The Bi-Pb-sulfotellurides...enclosing previous minerals, sometimes with bismuthinite (Fig. 2d), or in mirmekite-like intergrowths |  | Zhou, Haoyang, Sun, Xiaoming, Cook, Nigel J., Lin, Hai, Fu, Yu, Zhong, Richen, Brugger, Joël (2017) NANO- TO MICRON-SCALE PARTICULATE GOLD HOSTED BY MAGNETITE: A PRODUCT OF GOLD SCAVENGING BY BISMUTH MELTS. Economic Geology, 112 (4) 993-1010 doi:10.2113/econgeo.112.4.993 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | minerals (e.g., native bismuth, maldonite, and bismuthinite) occur within the same assemblage. Textural...30, 2016 994 SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATIONS to the east of the Jinshajiang-Red River fault zone (Fig. 1)...Fig. 2. A: Simplified geologic map of the Beiya mine area, showing intrusions, host rocks, and mineralization...also the largest individual orebody in the Beiya mine area and contains 87.2 Mt at 2.35 g/t Au, 90.27...Chalcopyrite Pyrrhotite Molybdenite Galena Sphalerite Bismuthinite Bi-sulfosalts/-chalcogenides Native bismuth |  | Zheng, Bo, Zhu, Yongfeng, An, Fang, Huang, Qiu-yue, Qiu, Tian (2015) As–Sb–Bi–Au mineralization in the Baogutu gold deposit, Xinjiang, NW China. Ore Geology Reviews, 69. 17-32 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.01.019 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | the Baogutu gold–copper district The Baogutu gold–copper mineralization district, where the Baogutu gold...al., 2013). (C) Geological map of the Baogutu district (modified from Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources...Carboniferous volcanic-sedimentary rocks in the Baogutu district were subdivided into the Tailegula, Baogutu, and...mineralization in the Baogutu gold–copper mineralization district. The Baogutu porphyry deposit, hosted in the No...chalcopyrite, and trace pyrrhotite, sphalerite, bismuthinite, native bismuth and native gold, with minor |  | Wang, Changhong, Huang, Yongjian, Ma, Yu, Zhang, Zhifeng (2019) Geochemistry, mineralogy and mineral chemistry of the Welatam Cu-Mo-Bi-Au prospect, Northeast Myanmar. Ore Geology Reviews, 111. 102973 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.102973 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | the Tengchong-Lianghe (Tengliang) metallogenic district. Two mineralization types, identified in this...occurrences and gold enrichment. In the Welatam district, Bi-Aubearing minerals are usually found in the...2015); b. Regional geological map of the Tengliang district that shows the distribution of the granitoids...by the melts. The Tengchong-Lianghe (Tengliang) district in northeast Myanmar and southwest Yunnan is a...2014; Deng et al., 2014; Wang et al., 2016). This district, a part of the western Yunnan metallogenic belt |  | Wu, Qiang, Zhao, Tai-Ping, Chen, Wei Terry, Gao, Xin-Yu, Meng, Lei, Qiu, Wenhong Johnson (2021) Origin of the Qiyugou gold deposit in the southern margin of the North China Craton: Insights from trace elements of pyrite and mineralogy of Bi-minerals. Ore Geology Reviews, 133. 104085pp. doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2021.104085 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | boundaries of the Py1 and Py2, are intergrown with bismuthinite derivatives, Bi-Cu sulfosalts, emplectite, tetradymite...into a stable assemblage of native gold and bismuthinite. These bismuth minerals are associated with...in the porphyry complex of the central Qiyugou district and is named as No. 189 ore bodies (Fig. 2a)....intergrown with chalcopyrite, galena, electrum and bismuthinite de rivatives. The Py3 grains are euhedral and...tetradymite, lillianite homologs, native bismuth, bismuthinite derivatives, and cuprobismutite homologs. These |  | Belogub, E. V., Moloshag, V. P., Novoselov, K. A., Kotlyarov, V. A. (2011) Native bismuth, tsumoite, and Pb-bearing tsumoite from the Tarn’er copper-zinc massive sulfide deposit, northern Urals. Geology of Ore Deposits, 53 (8) 798-805 doi:10.1134/s1075701511080034 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | are not abundant. Native bismuth, sulfides (bismuthinite Bi2S3, wittichenite Cu3BiS3) and tellurides...in northern Sverdlovsk oblast in the Ivdel ore district of the Tagil–Sakmara metallogenic zone. It is...tively, are suitable for crystallization of bismuthinite in addition to native bismuth. The absence of...Assemblages at the Viceroy Mine, Harare–Bin dura–Shamva Greenstone Belt, Zimbabwe, Miner. Mag., 2008 |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Visible gold is associated with native bismuth, bismuthinite, maldonite, galena, and an unknown Bi-Te-S mineral...1 Pb-rich bismuthinite Galena Gold Sample AC010—region 1 Native Bi Unknown 1 Bismuthinite Maldonite...Maldonite Sample AC010—region 2 Unknown 1 Bismuthinite b.d. = below detection limit 0361-0128/98/000/000-00 $6...COCKERTON AND TOMKINS Ratios of bismuth to bismuthinite were visually estimated using mineral percentage...proportions of native gold, native bismuth, bismuthinite, galena, maldonite, and Bi-Te-S minerals were |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | the Wasada granodiorite, located in the Tsuruoka district, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. We examined Biminerals...Obari, Yakuwa and Obiro mines. The Aikinitebismuthinite series occurs within chalcopyrite in the Obari...granodiorite, Kuromori mine, Hongo mine, Obari mine, Yakuwa mine, Honko mine, Asahi mine, Obiro mine I. はじめに 久和，本庫，朝日，大広鉱山(Fig...bornite (Bn) and tetrahedrite (Ttr) from the Kuromori mine. (b) Myrmeritic intergrowth of wittichenite and...the Hongo mine. (c) Wittichenite, associated with bornite and tetrahedrite from the Yakuwa mine. (d) Intergrowths |  | Zhou, Haoyang, Sun, Xiaoming, Fu, Yu, Lin, Hai, Jiang, Liyi (2016) Mineralogy and mineral chemistry of Bi-minerals: Constraints on ore genesis of the Beiya giant porphyry-skarn gold deposit, southwestern China. Ore Geology Reviews, 79. 408-424 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2016.06.008 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | skarn ores, comprising bismuthinite, Bi-Cu (galenobismutite, (bismuthinite sulfosalts cosalite),...been determined by many geologists, including bismuthinite derivatives, lillianites and andorites, galena-matildite...southern Sanjiang Tethys tectonic domain and to the east of the Jinshajiang suture (Fig. 1). Sanjiang Tethys...skarn-mineralization at Beiya. These Bi-minerals include bismuthinite, Bi-Cu sulfosalts (emplectite and wittichenite)...sulfosalt (matildite), Bi-Cu-Pb sulfosalts (bismuthinite derivatives), Bi-Pb-Ag sulfosalts (lillianite |  | Oberthür, T., Blenkinsop, T. G., Hein, U. F., Höppner, M., Höhndorf, A., Weiser, T. W. (2000) Gold mineralization in the Mazowe area, Harare-Bindura-Shamva greenstone belt, Zimbabwe: II. Genetic relationships deduced from mineralogical, fluid inclusion and stable isotope studies, and the Sm-Nd isotopic composition of scheelites. Mineralium Deposita, 35 (2) 138-156 doi:10.1007/s001260050012 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Mazowe area, Harare-Bindura-Shamva greenstone belt, Zimbabwe: II. Genetic relationships deduced from mineralogical...In the Mazowe area some 40 km NW of Harare in Zimbabwe, gold mineralization is hosted in a variety of...the mainly granodiorite-hosted workings at Mazowe mine are on pyrite-rich reefs, mines of the Bernheim...arsenopyrite-rich ores, and Stori's Golden Shaft and Alice mine, both in metabasalts, work sul®de-poor quartz veins...Department, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe U.F. Hein Institut fuÈr |  | Liu, Junchen, Wang, Yitian, Huang, Shikang, Wei, Ran, Sun, Zhenghao, Hu, Qiaoqing, Hao, Jiaolong (2020) The gold occurrence in pyrite and Te–Bi mineralogy of the Fancha gold deposit, Xiaoqinling gold field, southern margin of the North China Craton: Implication for ore genesis. Geological Journal, 55 (8). 5791-5811 doi:10.1002/gj.3637 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | tellurobismuthite, buckhornite, tetradymite, krupkaite, and bismuthinite, and native bismuth is also found. Bi (Te) melts...northernmost Paleo‐Tethys also a plenty of bismuthinite were explored in the gold‐bearing quartz Ocean...Ma, 2012) in the Xiaoqinling region from west to east. Moreover, a emplaced in 140–137 Ma (Ren, 2012)...μm. Some petzite sulfosalts (krupkaite and bismuthinite), and native bismuth (Figure 8). analyses gave...widespread telluride that commonly that plenty of bismuthinite were explored in the bottom tunnel of the occurs |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | emplacement of regional high-Ca granite and the East–West compression deformation. The M3a metamorphism...Greece Fiji Golden Quadrilateral, Romania Baguio district, Philippines Age 125.3∼116.6 Ma ∼30 to ∼28Ma...Sardinia, Italy Tertiary Viceroy Mine Harare-Bindura-Shamva greenstone belt, Zimbabwe Mildlands greenstone...greenstone belt, Zimbabwe Archean Clv, Alt, Hes, Ttd; Bi-(S)selenides and Pb-(S)selenides in Kairagach; Bi-Te-(S)-selenides...Genetically related Genetically related No Commoner Mine 2.7 Ga Hes, Alt, Ptz, Syl, Mlt, Kos, Clr, Stz |  | | Book (edition) | | greys Felbertalite Braggite Lindströmite Bismuthinite strong, from greyish brown to greyish blue... Mineral Descriptions Molybdenite in Graphite; Bogala Mine, Sri Lanka 51 Copper, native Synonym(s): Cuivre...of cuprite (bluish grey); North Mine (North Broken Hill Mine; NBH Mine), Broken Hill, Yancowinna Co.,...vein in jasper (red internal reflections); Madenköy Mine, Çayeli, Rize Province, Black Sea Region, Turkey...argentite reaction rim (greenish grey; arg); Monte Narba Mine, San Vito, Cagliari Province, Sardinia, Italy; PPL |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Earth’s history. The similarity of the shape of the east coast of South America to the west coast of Africa...photo. Figure 11. Orpiment, 4.8 cm high, Huallapon mine, Pasto Bueno, Ancash, Peru. Gene Meieran specimen...source of income for Spain, the Crown sent a new viceroy to Peru, Francisco de Toledo. Toledo oversaw two...the silver industry. Old mines were rediscovered, mine tailings could be reworked, and ore was found everywhere...as Colquijirca were known from the 1600s, the district had not been developed because of the focus on |  | Tooth, Blake, Ciobanu, Cristiana L., Green, Leonard, O’Neill, Brian, Brugger, Joël (2011) Bi-melt formation and gold scavenging from hydrothermal fluids: An experimental study. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 75 (19) 5423-5443 doi:10.1016/j.gca.2011.07.020 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | to local fluid dynamics). Other phases such as bismuthinite (confirmed by EDS) and BiO(AcO)(s) (assumed by...Bi(III) precipitates such as BiO(AcO)(s) and bismuthinite. Note that whereas graphite had an effect on...produced metallic bismuth at the reductant site. Bismuthinite was also used in several cases, but less Bi...include secondary bismuthinite, BiOCl(s), Bi(OH)3(s) and BiO(AcO)(s); bismuthinite was found only in...experimental products when bismuthinite was used as Bi source (experiment CL2). (a) Bismuthinite (Bism) grain replaced |  | Chapman, R. J., Allan, M. M., Mortensen, J. K., Wrighton, T. M., Grimshaw, M. R. (2018) A new indicator mineral methodology based on a generic Bi-Pb-Te-S mineral inclusion signature in detrital gold from porphyry and low/intermediate sulfidation epithermal environments in Yukon Territory, Canada. Mineralium Deposita, 53 (6) 815-834 doi:10.1007/s00126-017-0782-0 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Additional gold discoveries in the adjacent White Gold district, such as the Golden Saddle orogenic gold deposit...located in the Mt. Nansen epithermal and placer district of the Dawson Range (Yukon MINFILE 115I 066) (Online...Apy = arsenopyrite, bd= below detection, Bis= Bismuthinite, BiTe = bismuth Au grains Nucleus 5 Casino... The inclusion assemblage comprised galena, bismuthinite, galenobismutite, and arsenopyrite. Most of...Alt= altaite (PbTe2) Apy = arsenopyrite, Bis = bismuthinite (Bi2S3), BBiTe^ = undifferentiated Bi-tellurides |
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