	Halbach, M, Halbach, P, Lüders, V (2002) Sulfide-impregnated and pure silica precipitates of hydrothermal origin from the Central Indian Ocean. Chemical Geology, 182 (2) 357-375 doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(01)00323-0	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	of hydrothermal origin from the Central Indian Ocean b M. Halbach a,) , P. Halbach a , V. Luders ¨ a...in an extinct vent field in the Central Indian Ocean. There are two kinds of silica-rich rocks: a jasper...precipitate; Silica precipitate; Central Indian Ocean 1. Introduction The Meso Zone is an extinct hydrothermal...field with a size of 0.6 km2 in the Central Indian Ocean, ) Corresponding author. Tel.: q49-308-3870-674...massive sulfides were described from the Indian Ocean; during cruises Sonne 92 Ž1993. and Meteor 33r2
	McMurtry, G.M., Sedwick, P.N., Fryer, P., VonderHaar, D.L., Yeh, H.-W. (1993) Unusual geochemistry of hydrothermal vents on submarine arc volcanoes: Kasuga Seamounts, Northern Mariana Arc. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 114 (4) 517-528 doi:10.1016/0012-821x(93)90080-s	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Y e h c a Department of Oceanography, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of...Department of Geology and Geophysics, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of...USA c Hawaii Institute of Geophysics, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, Uniz,ersity of...gas-rich ~ 39°C vent fluid sampled from Kasuga 2 Seamount is unusual compared to other submarine hydrothermal...chemical data show surprising differences compared to ridge-axis warm springs and suggest that the geochemistry
	Lisitsyn, A. P., Binns, R. A., Bogdanov, Yu. A., Scott, S., Zonenshayn, L. P., Gordeyev, V. V., Gurvich, Ye. G., Murav'yev, K. G., Serova, V. V. (1991) ACTIVE HYDROTHERMAL ACTIVITY AT FRANKLIN SEAMOUNT, WESTERN WOODLARK SEA (PAPUA NEW GUINEA) International Geology Review, 33 (9) 914-929 doi:10.1080/00206819109465734	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	com/loi/tigr20 ACTIVE HYDROTHERMAL ACTIVITY AT FRANKLIN SEAMOUNT, WESTERN WOODLARK SEA (PAPUA NEW GUINEA) a a...(1991) ACTIVE HYDROTHERMAL ACTIVITY AT FRANKLIN SEAMOUNT, WESTERN WOODLARK SEA (PAPUA NEW GUINEA), International...ns ACTIVE HYDROTHERMAL ACTIVITY AT FRANKLIN SEAMOUNT, WESTERN WOODLARK SEA (PAPUA NEW GUINEA) Downloaded...pp. 125-140. Within the caldera of the Franklin Seamount, on the spreading center of the Woodlark basin...composed of iron hydroxides, nontronite, and birnessite. During 1986 and 1988, the PACLARK International
	Bogdanov, Yu. A., Vikent’ev, I. V., Lein, A. Yu., Bogdanova, O. Yu., Sagalevich, A. M., Sivtsov, A. V. (2008) Low-temperature hydrothermal deposits in the rift zone of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Geology of Ore Deposits, 50 (2) 119-134 doi:10.1134/s1075701508020037	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Hydrothermal Deposits in the Rift Zone of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge Yu. A. Bogdanova, I. V. Vikent’evb, A. Yu. Leina...Strike fields in the rift valley of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) obtained during the 47th cruise of the R/V...hydrothermal deposits in the rift zone of the MidAtlantic Ridge (MAR). Several expeditions of the R/V Akademik Mstislav...that described above (with the exception that birnessite and todorokite are also present). As in this...high-temperature deposits in the central zone near the axial conduit to mediumand low-temperature deposits in
	Fouquet, Y., Knott, R., Cambon, P., Fallick, A., Rickard, D., Desbruyeres, D. (1996) Formation of large sulfide mineral deposits along fast spreading ridges. Example from off-axial deposits at 12°43′N on the East Pacific Rise. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 144 (1) 147-162 doi:10.1016/0012-821x(96)00142-2	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	ridges. Example from off-axial deposits at 12’43’N on the East Pacific Rise Y. Fouquet a,, R. Knott... Rickard b, D. Desbruyeres a a IFREMER, Centre de Bresi, BP 70, 29280 Plowant!, France b Department...CFI 3YE, UK ’ Isorope Geology Unit. S. II.R.R. C, East* Kilbride G75 OQU, UK Received 23 August 1995: accepted...pit-crater at the top of a young seamount 2 km east of the axial ridge we discovered one of the largest...spreading ridge (12 cm/yr). Despite an overlap in composition between axial and off-axial deposits the
	Herzig, Peter M., Becker, Klaus P., Stoffers, Peter, Bäcker, Harald, Blum, Norbert (1988) Hydrothermal silica chimney fields in the Galapagos Spreading Center at 86°W. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 89 (3) 261-272 doi:10.1016/0012-821x(88)90115-x	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Galapagos Rift between the Inca Fracture Zone and the De Steiguer Deep was mapped at various scales, and sevcral...photo profiles were run, employing the Preussag Ocean Floor Observation System (OFOS). Location C was...encrustations (sil-10) were identified as a mixture of birnessite and todorokite. In addition traces of 8-MnO 2...direct analyses of hydrothermal fluids at the East Pacific Rise (EPR), 21°N [22], established that high concentrations...EPR [24], and the Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge [25]. Pottorf and Barnes [26] also describe
	Hein, J. R., de Ronde, C. E. J., Koski, R. A., Ditchburn, R. G., Mizell, K., Tamura, Y., Stern, R. J., Conrad, T. A., Ishizuka, O., Leybourne, M. I. (2014) Layered Hydrothermal Barite-Sulfide Mound Field, East Diamante Caldera, Mariana Volcanic Arc. Economic Geology, 109 (8) 2179-2206 doi:10.2113/econgeo.109.8.2179	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Mound Field, East Diamante Caldera, Mariana Volcanic Arc James R. Hein,1,† Cornel E.J. de Ronde,2 Randolph...Abstract East Diamante is a submarine volcano in the southern Mariana arc that is host to a complex caldera...series of fractures and extends for more than 180 m east-west and >120 m north-south. Individual mounds are...ppm), Cd (to 1,150 ppm), and Hg (to 55 ppm). The East Diamante mound field has a unique set of characteristics...predominantly native sulfur and silica deposits (de Ronde et al., 2004; Baker et al., 2008; Embley et
	Münch, Ute, Blum, Norbert, Halbach, Peter (1999) Mineralogical and geochemical features of sulfide chimneys from the MESO zone, Central Indian Ridge. Chemical Geology, 155 (1) 29-44 doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(98)00139-9	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	sulfide chimneys from the MESO zone, Central Indian Ridge Ute Munch ¨ a a,) , Norbert Blum b, Peter Halbach...activity is fairly well documented from most mid-ocean ridges. However, despite various efforts there is...hydrothermal field recognized so far in the Indian Ocean. Products of former hydrothermal activity were sampled...sampled in the fourth segment of the Central Indian Ridge ŽCIR. north of the Rodriguez Triple Junction ŽRTJ...close to the height of a neovolcanic intrarift ridge. Hydrothermal mineralization is structurally controlled
	*Dasgupta, Shamik, Peng, Xiaotong, Ta, Kaiwen (2021) Interaction between Microbes, Minerals, and Fluids in Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Systems. Minerals, 11 (12) 1324 doi:10.3390/min11121324*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	geochemistry. Endolithic microbial communities at the ocean floor catalyze a number of redox reactions through...located in areas with high tectonic activity, mid-ocean ridges, and seamounts. With their first discovery...about 600 active vent sites are known, mostly along ridge boundaries [3]. Hydrothermal vents globally occur...produce black smokers (such as the Mid Atlantic Ridge system (MAR), temperature ~400 ◦ C) with diverse...hydrothermal systems. CIR: Central Indian Ridge and SWIR: South West Indian Ridge. The active vents are characterized
	Boyd, TD, Scott, SD (2001) Microbial and hydrothermal aspects of ferric oxyhydroxides and ferrosic hydroxides: the example of Franklin Seamount, Western Woodlark Basin, Papua New Guinea. Geochemical Transactions, 2. doi:10.1186/1467-4866-2-45	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	and ferrosic hydroxides: the example of Franklin Seamount, Western Woodlark Basin, Papua New Guinea T. D...seafloor on seamounts and mid-ocean spreading centers. At Franklin Seamount located near the western extremity...their growth. The processes described at Franklin Seamount provide insight into the formation of other seafloor...found in areas of volcanic activity such as at mid-ocean and back-arc spreading centers and on intraplate...deposits cover extensive w 100 m2 areas of Franklin Seamount at 2143–2366 m water depth in Western Woodlark
	de Ronde, C. E. J., Hannington, M. D., Stoffers, P., Wright, I. C., Ditchburn, R. G., Reyes, A. G., Baker, E. T., Massoth, G. J., Lupton, J. E., Walker, S. L., Greene, R. R., Soong, C. W. R., Ishibashi, J., Lebon, G. T., Bray, C. J., Resing, J. A. (2005) Evolution of a Submarine Magmatic-Hydrothermal System: Brothers Volcano, Southern Kermadec Arc, New Zealand. Economic Geology, 100 (6) 1097-1133 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.100.6.1097	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Volcano, Southern Kermadec Arc, New Zealand C. E. J. DE RONDE,† Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences...31-312, Lower Hutt, New Zealand E. T. BAKER, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic...31-312, Lower Hutt, New Zealand J. E. LUPTON, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic...OSU Drive, Newport, OR 97365-5258 S. L. WALKER, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic...Seattle, Washington 98115-6349 R. R. GREENE, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic
	Fouquet, Y., Pelleter, E., Konn, C., Chazot, G., Dupré, S., Alix, A.S., Chéron, S., Donval, J.P., Guyader, V., Etoubleau, J., Charlou, J.L., Labanieh, S., Scalabrin, C. (2018) Volcanic and hydrothermal processes in submarine calderas: The Kulo Lasi example (SW Pacific) Ore Geology Reviews, 99. 314-343 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2018.06.006	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	submarine calderas: the Kulo Lasi example (SW Pacific) Y. Fouquet, E. Pelleter, C. Konn, G. Chazot, S...submarine calderas: the Kulo Lasi example (SW Pacific), Ore Geology Reviews (2018), doi: https://doi...submarine calderas: the Kulo Lasi example (SW Pacific). Fouquet Y., Pelleter E., Konn C., Chazot* G....- ZI de la pointe du diable, CS 10070, 29280 Plouzané, France Université de Brest - IUEM, ZI de la pointe...hydrothermal activity, Kulo Lasi caldera, sulfides, SW Pacific* Corresponding author: Yves Fouquet Tel: 00 33
	Cuadros, Javier, Michalski, Joseph R., Dekov, Vesselin, Bishop, Janice, Fiore, Saverio, Dyar, M. Darby (2013) Crystal-chemistry of interstratified Mg/Fe-clay minerals from seafloor hydrothermal sites. Chemical Geology, 360. 142-158 doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.10.016	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK b ED Laboratoire de Géochimie et Métallogénie, Département Géosciences...formation RI of chemically and structurally complex clays, including interstratified phases. The system...highlighted that interstratified clays have very complex crystal-chemistry (Cuadros, 2012), including hybrid...the Icelandic north coast), East Pacific RI Rise, and Mid-Atlantic Ridge (Table 1). NU SC The Atlantis...The Atlantis II Deep seafloor is covered by a complex MA metalliferous sediment layer composed of silicates
	*Kunzendorf, H. (1986) Marine Mineral Exploration* - Elsevier Oceanography Series No. 41. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/s0422-9894(08)x7019-9**	Book
	MICROBIOLOGY OF OCEANS AND ESTUARIES 4 G. NEUMANN OCEAN CURRENTS 5 N.G. JERLOV OPTICAL OCEANOGRAPHY 6 V...MAMAYEV TEMPERATURE·SALINITY ANALYSIS OF WORLD OCEAN WATERS 12 E.J. FERGUSON WOOD and R.E. JOHANNES TROPICAL...FUNDAMENTALS OF OCEAN DYNAMICS 17 R.A. GEYER SUBMERSIBLES AND THEIR USE IN OCEANOGRAPHY AND OCEAN ENGINEERING...TURBULENCE 20 P.H. LEBLOND and L.A. MYSAK WAVES IN THE OCEAN 21 C.C. VON DER BORCH (Editor) SYNTHESIS OF DEEP-SEA...DEEP-SEA DRILLING RESULTS IN THE INDIAN OCEAN 22 P. DEHLlNGER MARINE GRAVITY 23 J.C.J. NIHOUL (Editor) HYDRODYNAMICS
	Binns, R. A., Scott, Steven D., Bogdanov, Y. A., Lisitzin, A. P., Gordeev, V. V., Gurvich, E. G., Finlayson, E. J., Boyd, T., Dotter, L. E., Wheller, G. E., Muravyev, K. G. (1993) Hydrothermal oxide and gold-rich sulfate deposits of Franklin Seamount, western Woodlark Basin, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology, 88 (8) 2122-2153 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.88.8.2122	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	western Woodlark basin, four climbed Franklin Seamount from different directions and discoveredextensivedepositsof...ng and sea-floorspreading, Geologyof Franklin Seamount basaltsandFe-Ti andesires of midoceanridgebasalt...nt(Fig. 2; Binnsand northwest-trendingvolcanic ridge itself 600 m Whirford,1987).AlthoughPACLARKsurveys...dives at Dobu Seamount and the current neovolcanic zone of the Woodlark the East basin observedno...D'Entrecasteaux Islands.Althoughnodefinite foot of the seamount. The 2,400-m-deepsubhorizontalpedimentzone outcropsof
	*(2000) Minerals Other than Polymetallic Nodules Of the International Seabed Area. International Seabed Authority, Kingston, Jamaica.*	Book
	2. Oceanography I. Title 553.09162 - dc. 21 3. Ocean bottom ISA/04/01 All rights reserved. No part...Cobalt-Bearing Ferromanganese Crusts in the World’s Ocean 162 V. M. Yubko Chapter 4 Hydrothermal Sulphide...Environmental Baseline in Large Open-Ocean Systems off Southern Namibia by De Beers Marine 617 Ian Corbett...to Prospecting and Exploration 824 Roberto Viera de Macedo and Walter Sa Leitao Chapter 21 Status Report...Exploration for Marine Mineral Resources in the Pacific Region 887 C. Pratt, Alfred Simpson, K. Kojima
	Rona, Peter A., Devey, Colin W., Dyment, Jérôme, Murton, Bramley J. - Eds. (2010) Diversity of Hydrothermal Systems on Slow Spreading Ocean Ridges. Geophysical Monograph Series 188. American Geophysical Union	Report (issue)
	Kasahara, Pavel Izbekov, and Johnathan Lees (Eds.) 173 Ocean Circulation: Mechanisms and Impacts—Past and Future...Ellen R. Stofan, and Thomas E. Cravens (Eds.) 177 Ocean Modeling in an Eddying Regime Matthew Hecht and... S. Reeve, and Lee D. Slater (Eds.) 185 Indian Ocean Biogeochemical Processes and Ecological Variability...John Gash, and Pedro Silva Dias (Eds.) 187 Surface Ocean–Lower Atmosphere Processes Corinne Le Quèrè and...Diversity of Hydrothermal Systems on Slow Spreading Ocean Ridges Peter A. Rona Colin W. Devey Jérôme Dyment
	Shikazono, Naotatsu (2003) Geochemical and Tectonic Evolution of Arc-Backarc Hydrothermal Systems - Implication for the Origin of Kuroko and Epithermal Vein-Type Mineralizations and the Global Geochemical Cycle. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/s0921-3198(03)x8001-1	Book
	the Japanese Islands as well as other western Pacific regions. vi Preface In Chapter 2, a geochemical...deposits) are compared with those of midoceanic ridge deposits and Kuroko deposits. In Chapter 3, hydrothermal...estimated. These fluxes are compared with midoceanic ridge hydrothermal fluxes. Particularly, hydrothermal...Characteristics of back-arc deposits in the Western Pacific . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.2.1. Tectonic settings...Comparison of back-arc deposits with midoceanic ridge deposits ............. 2.4.1. Hydrothermal solution
	*Selley, Richard C., Cocks, L. Robin M., Plimer, Ian R. - Eds.* (2005) Encyclopedia of Geology Vol. 5. Elsevier.**	Book (volume)
	turbid river outflow is less than that of the ocean, and turbid surface plumes are generated. Nevertheless...avulsion, resulting in the formation of internally-complex sedimentary fan deposits. Although channels are...subaqueous particulate gravity currents form a complex and variable range of flow types, which together...coarser-grained clastic material is transported into the deep ocean. Further Reading Figure 6 Schematic representation...obtained by filtration. This material, unless in the ocean bottom mixed layer, is not suspended but sinking
	*Pirajno, Franco (2009) Hydrothermal Processes and Mineral Systems. Springer Netherlands. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-8613-7*	Book
	Geological Survey of Western Australia 100 Plain St. East Perth WA 6004 Australia franco.pirajno@doir.wa.gov...springer.com To my wife Foreword The Earth is a complex and dynamic system that over 4.5 billion years...Europe, southern Africa, South East Asia, New Zealand, the southwest Pacific, China, Greenland and Australia...(GSWA) typed most of the tables, especially the complex ones. Jean Johnston and Chris Hocking performed.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.8 The Role of Complex Ions and Ligands in Hydrothermal Fluids . . .
	*Shimomura, Ruth H. - Ed.* (1989) GEOREF Thesaurus and Guide to Indexing (5th ed.) American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA.**	Book (edition)
	Subdivisions .728 China .729 Atlantic Ocean .730 Pacific Ocean.731 Acknowledgements The 5th edition...Stratigraphique International, Nouvelle Serie no 1; Afrique de I'ouest; Introduction geologique et termes stratigraphique...under oceanography! 1). SA continental rise SA ocean basins SA ocean floors SA oceanography SA plains Abyssinia...N464300N471 700 W11 75700W11 92500 BA Washington BA Pacific Coast BA Western U.S. BA United States Adams County...in S Anatolia. Also a city. BT Turkey BT Middle East adaptation IN Includes use on level 3 under ecologyfl)
	*(2016) The Metallogeny of Lode Gold Deposits. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/c2014-0-03103-6*	Book
	Applicable elements of current discoveries in ocean and atmospheric chemistry, volcanism, and tectonics... Two woodcuts that illustrate this concept, from De Re Metallica, in the translation by Herbert Hoover...quartz veining according to Georgius Agricola (1556) De Re Metallica in the translation by Herbert Hoover...mineralization, previously interpreted as the result of complex structures, were re-interpreted as the result of...within a few kilometers of the main breaks, were de-emphasized; if the gold was due to volcanism, why
	*(1990, March) Mineralogical Abstracts* Vol. 41 (1) The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and the Mineralogical Society of America**	Journal (issue)
	J. M. CORREIA NEVES, Instituto de Geociencias, Universidale Federal de Minas Gerais. 30.161 Belo Horizonte...University. Pakistan: PROF. L. A. A. BARROS, Lab. de Mineralogia y Petrologia, Av. Rovisco Pais. Lisboa...Lisboa 1. Portugal: DR. J. G. GUINEA. Instituto de Geologia de Madrid, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, Madrid 6...0 M / 0 2 1 3 . 0480, 0 5 1 2 . 0514 Angelis. M . de, 9 0 M / 0 5 7 9 Angevine„ C. L.. 9 0 M / 0 9 8 9.../ I 198 Anochea, E.. 90M/0631 Anta, R. C a i r o de. 90AI/0111 A n t h o n y. E. Y. , 9 0 M / 0 3 2 2
	*(2007) Geology of México: Celebrating the Centenary of the Geological Society of México. GSA Special Paper* 422. Geological Society of America doi:10.1130/978-0-8137-2422-5**	Report (issue)
	Susana A. Alaniz-Álvarez Centro de Geociencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Apartado postal 1-742...F. Nieto-Samaniego Centro de Geociencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Apartado postal 1-742...Geológica Mexicana in the following issues of the Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, Volumen Conmemorativo...Grandes Fronteras Tectónicas de México, and no. 2, Aspectos Históricos de la Geología en México, edited...Ángel F. Nieto-Samaniego; and no. 3, Temas Selectos de la Geología Mexicana, edited by Ángel F. Nieto-Samaniego
	*(ed.), Davis A.M., (ed.), Holland H.D., (ed.), Turekian K.K. (2003) Treatise on Geochemistry* - Meteorites, Comets and Planets Vol. 1 - Treatise on Geochemistry. Elsevier, Amsterdam.**	Book
	core devoid of further nuclear energy then gives rise to a type II supernova and the formation of a neutron...companion onto a compact object. This naturally gives rise to a variety of interesting phenomena: classical...10M( stars is now understood to be an extremely complex process (Busso et al., 1999). On the first ascent...massive stars undergoing supernova explosions can give rise to neutron production via such reactions as 13C(a...to the interstellar medium. Proc. Astron. Soc. Pacific 110, 3 –26. Goswami A. and Prantzos N. (2000) Abundance