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| Biological Deterioration Salt crystallisation cycles Thenardite-Mirabilite cycles 1 Freeze-thaw cycles...risk for masonry and concrete Salt-crystallization cycles. Damage from salt crystallization occurs at the...deliquescence of the sodium chloride. Thenardite-Mirabilite cycles. Similarly, the porous stone might be...transition from the thenardite (Na2 SO4 ) to the mirabilite (Na2 SO4 × 10H2 O) that occurs with the inclusion...10 molecules of water in the hydrated crystal. Mirabilite exerts a very high crystallization pressure on |
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| member can be currently observed in the Cßayirhan mine. The Evaporite Member, which is composed of secondary...glauberite. In the glauberite layers of the Cßayirhan mine, some glauberite textures (‘clear glauberite’) suggest...layers accompanying the glauberite in the Cßayirhan mine, some disruption structures can be assigned to synsedimentary...suggest that the original sodium sulphate was mirabilite, thenardite being a secondary phase, which formed...anhydrite (CaSO4), glauberite (Na2SO4CaSO4), mirabilite (Na2SO410H2O), thenardite (Na2SO4), halite * |
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| precipitates. The Böschlisgrund (Fig. 2A), Karl August Mine (Fig. 2B) and Kropbach Hof (Fig. 2D) samples contain... sequence (Pb-Zn and Ni-Cu stages). The Riggenbach mine (Fig. 2C) is situated in the Münstertal, about 4...hundred meter to the east and west of the Karl-August Mine (Fig. 2B) respectively in the Münstertal. An early...(Tm,ice), hydrohalite (Tm,hh), halite (Tm,hal), mirabilite (Tm,mir) as well as an additional sulfate phase...solving, at each temperature, the concentration of salt that satisfies equality between the ion activity |
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| just recently and we have made ar rangements to mine all that may be in the deposit. At the present we...University..................... 6 Ice Clear Mirabilite from Chile George E. Ericksen,Mary E. Mrose...Photomicrograph of gypsum crystals from the Cornwall Iron Mine, Lebanon County, Pennsyl vania. The entire duster...extensive that from nearly every newly discovered mine in the country he was Spring, 1970 immediately...crystal line mirabilite are found in the northeastern part of Salar de Pintados, a large salt pan in the |
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| Cement Render and Mortar and Their Damages Due to Salt Crystallization in the Holy Trinity Church, Dominicans...and good durability to atmospheric conditions and salt crystallization [2,4]. This made Roman cement a...damaging factor is crystallization pressure during salt precipitation, resulting in the formation of cracks...in places places covered salt efflorescence. mortar covered with with salt efflorescence. (1)—sampling...black welds. crusts, surface cracks fine-crystalline salt efflorescence. The last three are mainly The façadeexfoliations |
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| hydrous sodium and magnesium sulfate salts, e.g. mirabilite and bloedite, from the oxidation of primary pyrite...north by Little Panoche Creek and on the south by Salt Creek (immediately south of Cantua Creek) (Fig....ground and surface water samples and in efflorescent salt samples. The study led to identification of 17 sulfate...hydrated evaporative sulfate minerals such as mirabilite (Na2SO 4 • 10 H 2 0 ) and bloedite [MgNa2(SO4)...Some attention has been paid to general effects of salt on soils in arid and semi-arid regions (DRIESSEN |
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| elsevier.de/chemer Moisture sorption behaviour of salt mixtures in porous stone Christoph Franzen, Peter...interaction of salt mixtures with moisture is still poor. In different approaches the reactions of salt-contaminated...interesting new results on the moisture behaviour of salt-contaminated samples. Theoretical considerations...the same salt system. It is shown how by experimental approaches the understanding on salt-induced stone...(Arnold, 1981). Conclusive explanations of the whole salt-related processes fail at the complexity of the |
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| by salt-cemented regolith. The ore is largely composed of nitratite (= soda nitre or Chilean salt peter)...locally abundant humberstonite, polyhalite and mirabilite. Other salts present include Ca iodates and a...used to deduce paragenetic sequences for individual salt samples and these combined to produce a generalized...precipitating brines through multiple episodes of salt precipitation and remobilization during transport...lithologies have also undergone a small degree of salt replacement. 1. Introduction The Chilean nitrate |
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| substance under consideration is the mineral mirabilite (NazSOa.l0HzO). NazO KrO CaO SOt CI HrO Insoluble...large. It is thoughtthat this is the first time mirabilite hasbeenreported as occurring in Michigan. Except...Except for its formation in large quantitiesin the salt lakesof the west, it is a mineral met with rather...THE MIRABILITE ROYALE MINE. FROM THE ISLE ALFRED C, LANE Tufls College The water of this mine, like...nearesf samples analyzed to the plaee where the mirabilite was found give the following results, in parts |
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| backfill to form dihydrate gypsum (CaSO4 ·2H2 O), mirabilite, and ettringite. In the early stage, these substances...K.; Ning, J. Paste Backfill Corrosion Keywords: mine backfill; chloride solution; sulfate solution; corrosion...© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed...Introduction Paste backfill is a type of cementitious mine filling material mainly composed of cement, fly...development of the mine [10–13]. The stability of the backfill is an extremely important factor in mine backfilling |
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| several common sulfate minerals (e.g. gypsum, mirabilite, thenardite, epsomite; Table 1; see chapter by...MgSO4·6H2O KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 kieserite melanterite mirabilite morenosite nickelhexahydrite pickeringite picromerite...sulfate-mineral solubility in wastewaters, mine waters, mine-waste leachate, and in other environmental...example, concentrated mine waters commonly develop in mine workings and in mine-waste and refinery-waste...concentrations of dissolved Fe(II), Fe(III), SO4 and H+ in mine workings and subsurface pore waters. Large volumes |
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| crystal edges. (To beconcluded.) MIRABILITE FROM THE ISLE ROYALE COPPER MINE, HOUGHTON, MICHIGAN. ALBDRTB...substance under consideration is the mineral mirabilite (NazSOa.l0HzO). NazO KrO CaO SOt CI HrO Insoluble...large. It is thoughtthat this is the first time mirabilite hasbeenreported as occurring in Michigan. Except...Except for its formation in large quantitiesin the salt lakesof the west, it is a mineral met with rather...THE MIRABILITE ROYALE MINE. FROM THE ISLE ALFRED C, LANE Tufls College The water of this mine, like |
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| 2019 Articles Pyrosmalite-(Fe) from the Bjelke mine, Nordmark, Filipstad, Värmland, Sweden ...........PYROSMALITE(Fe) crystals on matrix, 7 cm, from the Bjelke mine, Sweden. Mim Mineralogical Museum collection, Beirut...from the recent discovery at the N’Chwaning III mine in South Africa. Chris also has a small collection...Munich. After Munich, it was on to Grunewald, Switzerland, where he fulfilled a lifelong dream: hiking...MINERALS LIMITED Azurite with Malachite | Milpillas Mine, Mexico | 4.5 x 3.4 x 1.9cm orders@crystalclassics |
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| St Andrews on December 16, 2014 Suppression of salt weathering of porous limestone by borax-induced...studied. Borax promotes the crystallization of mirabilite and inhibits epsomite crystallization in open...promoted in the presence of borax, irrespective of the salt tested. Apparently, this is due to a high stereochemical...co-precipitated) onto calcite, and mirabilite and epsomite crystals. Salt weathering tests using a biocalcarenite...solutions. Borax promotes the crystallization of both mirabilite and epsomite within the pores of the stone, reducing |
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| materials. Sodium sulfate is the most widely used salt in accelerated weathering tests of natural rocks...the stable phases thenardite, Na2SO4(V), and mirabilite, Na2SO410H2O, and, the metastable phases Na2SO4(III)...typical wetting–drying experiments as in the standard salt crystallization test. Additional experiments with...experiments confirm that the crystallization of mirabilite from highly supersaturated solutions is the most...solvent (i.e. frost weathering) and the solutes (i.e. salt weathering). Both processes can generate substantial |
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| hypotheses of gypsurn dehydration by concentrated salt solutions, double salts and/or gypsum are stable...investigators have also postulated that certain salt solutions decrease the solubility of anhydrite relative...of POSNJAK and MACDONALD showing that in certain salt solutions the gypsum-anhydrite transition temperature...activations and presence in natural waters. DOUBLE SALT FORMATION The reaction for the conversion (f>)...temperature of these parameters as activators this salt that Potassium upon the effects ELI-Bused * |
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| playa has been carried out. Halite, thenerdite mirabilite, glauberite, gypsum, calcite, dolomite, ulexite...province of the western United States are floored by salt-bearing, brine-saturated lake or playa sediments...carried out, notably those of EARDLEY (1938) on Great Salt Lake, Utah, JONES (1963, 1965) on Deep Spring Lake...limited to analyses of a few grab-samples of brine or salt-crust (GALE, 1914; KING, 1948, p. 190) and to two...available experimental data on synthetic, water-salt systems. PHYSICAL SETTING Saline Valley is a small |
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| Article Estimators of the Impact of Climate Change in Salt Weathering of Cultural Heritage Beatriz Menéndez... Abstract: Changes induced by climate change in salt weathering of built cultural heritage are estimated...potassium. Comparisons between the predicted changes in salt weathering obtained for single salts and for combinations...evolution of future weathering depend on the selected salt or combination of salts. According to our results...in the future) than when using a single salt. Keywords: salt climatology; climate change; built cultural |
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| investigation to which organisms contributedto the mirabilite mineralization in the Barkol Lake demonstrates...organisms do play an important role in causing mirabilite deposits. ,t'r'----'T------T----r---ir-----'i----'1...sulfate type. Other hydrochemical parameters include a salt content of 215 to 338 gil, a pH of 7.2 to 7.81,SD...halophilic bacteria enclosed within several meters of mirabilite and thenardite sediments beneath the surface...preliminary studies of the biomineralization related to mirabilite in the Barkol Lake of Xinjiang. Zheng Mianping |
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| London, Special Publications Mechanisms of damage by salt R. M. Espinosa-Marzal and G. W. Scherer Geological...Chicago on October 16, 2014 Mechanisms of damage by salt R. M. ESPINOSA-MARZAL & G. W. SCHERER* Civil and...current understanding of the mechanisms by which salt crystallization causes damage to limestone. Crystallization...the curvature dependence of the solubility of a salt crystal. Under nonequilibrium conditions, high transient...in larger pores. In the field, the complexity of salt weathering results from heat, moisture and ion transport |
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| Cave is renowned in Romania for its gypsum and mirabilite speleothems. Of interest are the white crystalline...that were previously described as consisting of mirabilite. The samples we collected reveal crystals of...different habits. One shows the characteristic mirabilite fibrous crystals (cotton-like speleothem) while...microprobe. Beside thenardite (dehydration product of mirabilite) we also identified three sulphate minerals:...geographical and geological settings of the cave and mirabilite deposit may be found in Viehmann and Serban (1962-1963) |
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| and 3, respectively. Arituzar Mine Calichar Caftuelas Daniel Mine San Marcos Volcanclto Salar Centenario...Mucar Laguna Guacha|ayte Laguna Guayatayoc Baratoyoc Mine Grupo Cordoba Laguna Vilama Adriana Lari Los Bayos...Bayos Tropa Pete 3erta Prospect 3lanca Lila Mine Boratera de Antuco Celti Occurrence Coyaguaima Archibarca...Pozuelos Margarita San Mateo Mine Salar de Pucar Salar de Rio Grande Betina Mine Boratera Blanca Lila Coronel...Prospect Maria Luisa l-ll Occurrence Purmamarca Mine Salar de Antofalla Salar de Cauchari DEPOSFT NAME |
 | Smith, George I, Friedman, Irving, McLaughlin, Robert J (1987) Studies of Quaternary saline lakes—III. Mineral, chemical, and isotopic evidence of salt solution and crystallization processes in Owens Lake, California, 1969–1971. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 51 (4) 811-827 doi:10.1016/0016-7037(87)90095-0 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) |
| lakes-III. Mineral, chemical, and isotopic evidence of salt solution and crystallization processes in Owens...2.4-m-deep lake formed and 20%of the 2-m-thick salt bed dissolved in it. Its desiccation began August...crystallizing September 1970, ending August 197 1.Mine&o& brine-composition, and stable-isotope data plus...floating rafts on the lake surface. Natron and mirabilite, salts whose solubilities decrease greatly with...temperatures. Halite, a nearly temperature-insensitive salt, was always preserved. Monitoring the lake-brine |
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| 73 ,\~te on a British Occurrence of Mirabilite. By C. O. TRECH~ANN,Ph.D., F.G.S. [Read January 22nd...for years past in regular quantities, yet the mirabilite was never previously noticed. The best specimen... of perfectly clear, pellucid and colourless mirabilite, attached to the parent rock, a moderately coarse...completely occupied by the mirabilite, as the surface of the rock where the mirabilite rested exhibited minute...minute clear crystals of gypsum. The mirabilite was of irregular form, having been partially dissolved here |
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| of the fractionation factors between synthetic mirabilite (Na2SO4 • 10HeO ) and saturated Na~SO 4 solution...between ice and 2-5 molal NaC1 solution at --10°C. Mirabilite occurs in the sediments of some saline lakes...isotopic composition of the water from which the mirabilite was precipitated can be determined. This can...precipitated at temperatures below --1-9°C and mirabilite is precipitated below --8.2°C. Consequently,...estimate the isotopic fractionation between ice and mirabilite and sea water. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE S o l u |
