 | Broom-Fendley, Sam, Styles, Mike T., Appleton, J. Don, Gunn, Gus, Wall, Frances (2016) Evidence for dissolution-reprecipitation of apatite and preferential LREE mobility in carbonatite-derived late-stage hydrothermal processes. American Mineralogist, 101 (3) 596-611 doi:10.2138/am-2016-5502ccby | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Abstract The Tundulu and Kangankunde carbonatite complexes in the Chilwa Alkaline Province, Malawi, contain...enrichment. In contrast to the previous work at Tundulu, we recognize three separate stages of apatite...reprecipitation of apatite without associated monazite. This study implies that, despite the typically...becoming residually enriched in the HREE. Although at Tundulu the LREE-bearing products are re-precipitated relatively...rare earth elements, Chilwa Alkaline Province, Tundulu, Kangankunde, REE mobility, dissolution-reprecipitation |  | | Corporate Document | | Republic of Malawi Ministry of Mining Final Report of the Project for Establishment of Integrated Geographic...Development Co., Ltd. dummy Frontispiece 1 Map of Malawi Former capital: Zomba Headquarters of Geological...Lake Chilwa located in the southeastern part of Malawi and Chisi Island: Chisi Island is composed of syenite...Lake Malawi Upper right: Syenite distributed in Chilwa Alkaline Province in the south of Malawi (Cretaceous...(Cretaceous, Mesozoic) Lower right: Gneiss of Basement Complex (Proterozoic) Contents 1. Outline of the Project |  | Smith, M., Kynicky, J., Xu, Cheng, Song, Wenlei, Spratt, J., Jeffries, T., Brtnicky, M., Kopriva, A., Cangelosi, D. (2018) The origin of secondary heavy rare earth element enrichment in carbonatites: Constraints from the evolution of the Huanglongpu district, China. Lithos, 308. 65-82 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2018.02.027 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | textures of REE minerals indicate crystallisation of monazite-(Ce), bastnäsite-(Ce), parisite-(Ce) and aeschynite-(Ce)...also potentially an early crystallising phase. Monazite-(Ce) was subsequently altered to produce a second...Yuantao. the variation in the stability of aqueous complex ions with different ligands (Haas et al., 1995;...associated with late stage hydrothermal phenomena (e.g. Tundulu - Ngwenya, 1993; Songwe - Swinden and Hall, 2012;... Syn, Rnt, Xen #Mineral abbreviations – Mnz –Monazite; Bst – Bastnäsite; Par – Parisite; Syn – Synchysite; |  | Doroshkevich, A. G., Viladkar, S. G., Ripp, G. S., Burtseva, M. V. (2009) HYDROTHERMAL REE MINERALIZATION IN THE AMBA DONGAR CARBONATITE COMPLEX, GUJARAT, INDIA. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47 (5) 1105-1116 doi:10.3749/canmin.47.5.1105 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | MINERALIZATION IN THE AMBA DONGAR CARBONATITE COMPLEX, GUJARAT, INDIA Anna G. DOROSHKEVICH Geological...are known, including occurrences at Tundulu and Kangankunde, Malawi (Ngwenya 1994, Wall & Mariano 1996)...hydrothermally deposited phases. This carbonatite complex provides comparisons of primary sövite and the...Carbonatite Complex The general geology, geochemistry and mineralogy of the Amba Dongar complex have been...1996). The Amba Dongar carbonatite–nephelinite complex is a subvolcanic diatreme. It consists of a sövite |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | and A2-type granites in the PanAfrican basement complex of Egypt are mineralized with one or more of the...feldspar granite and peralkaline granite, Ring-complex provinces some of which may be similar to the Nigerian...rocks Fig. 2 Lineament map and alkaline complex in the southern Egypt. type is medium- to coarse-grained...range in thickness from few centimeKhruq (AK) ring complex, Eastern Desert of Egypt (Fig. tres to 3 m and...reach about 120 m in strike lengths. 2). This complex is one of the A1- type alkaline complexThey are |  | Chikanda, Frances, Otake, Tsubasa, Ohtomo, Yoko, Ito, Akane, Yokoyama, Takaomi D., Sato, Tsutomu (2019) Magmatic-Hydrothermal Processes Associated with Rare Earth Element Enrichment in the Kangankunde Carbonatite Complex, Malawi. Minerals, 9 (7) 442 doi:10.3390/min9070442 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Enrichment in the Kangankunde Carbonatite Complex, Malawi Frances Chikanda 1, * , Tsubasa Otake 2 , Yoko...REE resource in the Chilwa Alkaline Province in Malawi, clarifies the critical stages of REE mineralization...field despite variations in the proportions of monazite, ankerite, and ferroan dolomite. Exsolution of...well as the textural and compositional zoning in monazite. Field and petrographic observations, combined...l stage, when large (~200 µm), well-developed monazite crystals grew. The C and O isotope compositions |  | Broom-Fendley, Sam, Brady, Aoife E., Wall, Frances, Gunn, Gus, Dawes, William (2017) REE minerals at the Songwe Hill carbonatite, Malawi: HREE-enrichment in late-stage apatite. Ore Geology Reviews, 81. 23-41 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2016.10.019 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | REE minerals at the Songwe Hill carbonatite, Malawi: HREE-enrichment in late-stage apatite Sam Broom-Fendley...extracted from carbonatites (REE-fluorocarbonates, monazite) are typically LREE-rich (La–Sm) and HREE-poor...carbonatite-related HREE enrichment are known (e.g. Kangankunde, Malawi; Khibiny, Russia; Deadhorse Creek, Canada; Huanglongpu...REE-bearing minerals at the Songwe Hill carbonatite, Malawi, were investigated with the objective of understanding...enrichment occurs in late-stage apatite at the Tundulu, Kangankunde and Juquiá carbonatites (Ngwenya, |  | Broom-Fendley, Sam, Wall, Frances, Spiro, Baruch, Ullmann, Clemens V. (2017) Deducing the source and composition of rare earth mineralising fluids in carbonatites: insights from isotopic (C, O, 87Sr/86Sr) data from Kangankunde, Malawi. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 172 (11) doi:10.1007/s00410-017-1412-7 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | isotopic (C, O, 87Sr/86Sr) data from Kangankunde, Malawi Sam Broom‑Fendley1 · Frances Wall1,2,3 · Baruch...compositions for the REE-rich Kangankunde carbonatite (Malawi), we show that the commonly observed, dark brown...containing 8–15 wt% REE2O3, comprise assemblages of monazite-(Ce), strontianite and baryte forming hexagonal...similar δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr to those of the main complex, indicating both are carbonatite-derived and, locally...Verplanck et al. 2016); Kangankunde, Tundulu and Songwe, Malawi (Ngwenya 1994; Wall and Mariano 1996; |  | Doroshkevich, A. G., Ripp, G. S., Viladkar, S. G., Vladykin, N. V. (2008) THE ARSHAN REE CARBONATITES, SOUTHWESTERN TRANSBAIKALIA, RUSSIA: MINERALOGY, PARAGENESIS AND EVOLUTION. The Canadian Mineralogist, 46 (4) 807-823 doi:10.3749/canmin.46.4.807 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Abstract The Arshan carbonatites in the Transbaikalia region of Siberia consist of sövite with high concentrations...sulfates, phlogopite, magnetite, ilmenite, apatite, monazite, titanite and K-feldspar were formed during the...Mountain Pass, USA (Olson et al. 1954), Kangankunde, Malawi (Wall & Mariano 1996), and Yuzhnoe, Russia (Ripp...and phlogopite. It contains fine inclusions of monazite, calcite and fluid inclusions (Doroshkevich &...Fig. 6. Ce/Nd and La/Nd values in bastnäsite, monazite, parisite, and allanite from the Arshan carbonatites |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | from other occurrences. Dissolution of thorian monazite(Ce) during interaction with a F-, CO2- and Ca-bearing...forte en Si, Al, Ca, et F. La dissolution de la monazite-(Ce) thorifère au cours d’une interaction avec...accessory minerals (e.g., Bea 1996). Allanite, monazite and apatite constitute the primary hosts for the...allanite-bearing, weakly peraluminous granites, whereas monazite accounts for most of the Th in strongly peraluminous...observed in a granitic rock. Breakdown of Th-rich monazite-(Ce) resulted in the formation of thorian synchysite-(Ce) |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | applied to a complex of related carbonate and silicate rocks in a magmatic or extrusive complex. Primary...calcite carbonatite such as are found at the Fen complex. In fact, the genetic questions highlighted by...centimeter-to-decimeter scale. For example, at the Fen complex (Brøgger 1921, Andersen 1988), there is a spectrum...limit permits the recognition in the Jacupiranga complex of Brazil, of a carbonatite suite made up of perovskite...carbonatite complexes. Thus, a given carbonatite complex can be considered as a package of rocks that are |  | Elliott, H.A.L., Wall, F., Chakhmouradian, A.R., Siegfried, P.R., Dahlgren, S., Weatherley, S., Finch, A.A., Marks, M.A.W., Dowman, E., Deady, E. (2018) Fenites associated with carbonatite complexes: A review. Ore Geology Reviews, 93. 38-59 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2017.12.003 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | have been identified between the presence of more complex veining textures, mineralogy and brecciation in...produced from 164 parent alkaline magmas via a complex combination of liquid immiscibility and/or 165...of hydrothermal 181 fluids in and around the complex. With very few exceptions (e.g. Arzamastsev et...(1921) in his 186 memoir on the Fen carbonatite complex, Norway. Since the initial studies of the 187...187 1920s, further investigation of this complex has advanced our understanding of its 188 petrography |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | GEOLOGICAL CONTEXT The Massif de l’Esterel (southern France) is characterized by Permian volcanic activity...small, < 5 µm) include chalcopyrite, sphalerite, monazite, and an undetermined Fe oxide phase. (2) As laths...described an occurrence of synchysite replacing monazite and xenotime and locally bastnäsite in the Zinnwald...al. (1996) described synchysite together with monazite, xenotime, and adularia intergrown with bismuthinite...interpreted as being derived from the dissolution of monazite during interaction with an F-CO2Ca-bearing fluid |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | bauxites from the Apulian carbonate platform ž southern Italy/ Giovanni Mongelli ) DiSGG, UniÕersita`...ooids; Ž3. remobilization of cerium as fluoride complex, as a consequence of more acidic conditions in...remobilization, possibly as a carbonate–fluoride complex, could be due to an Eh decrease, favoured by a...and Roaldset, 1976; Maksimovic et al., 1991.. In southern Italy, in shallow-water carbonate rocks, are interbedded...of detrital zircon and REE-bearing crystals of monazite and calcic fluorocarbonate ŽFig. 3b, c; Table |  | Prokopyev, Ilya, Kozlov, Evgeniy, Fomina, Ekaterina, Doroshkevich, Anna, Dyomkin, Maxim (2020) Mineralogy and Fluid Regime of Formation of the REE-Late-Stage Hydrothermal Mineralization of Petyayan-Vara Carbonatites (Vuoriyarvi, Kola Region, NW Russia) Minerals, 10 (5) 405 doi:10.3390/min10050405 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | of Petyayan-Vara Carbonatites (Vuoriyarvi, Kola Region, NW Russia) Ilya Prokopyev 1,2, *, Evgeniy Kozlov...Abstract: The Vuoriyarvi Devonian alkaline–ultramafic complex (northwest Russia) contains magnesiocarbonatites...mineralization of the Vuoriyarvi alkaline–ultramafic complex. Keywords: magnesiocarbonatites; REE; ancylite;...hosted by carbonatite deposits, and bastnäsite, monazite, and xenotime are the three most significant REE...major focus of critical metal research. The Kola region in NW Russia is host to some of the largest REE |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | the principal primary REE mineral. Within each complex the C – O and Sr – Nd isotopic data are similar...mineralization and its host carbonatites in each complex are derived from the same source and are co-genetic...1954), Fen (Norway) (Andersen, 1986), Tundulu and Kangankunde (Malawi) (Ngwenya, 1994; Wall and Mariano,...hydrous carbonate ancylite –(Ce). The phosphate, monazite – (Ce), is a major non-carbonate REE mineral.... including ancylite – (Ce), synchysite –(Ce), monazite– (Ce) and other REE – Sr– Ba-bearing minerals |  | Cheng, Zhiguo, Zhang, Zhaochong, Aibai, Abulimiti, Kong, Weiliang, Holtz, Francois (2018) The role of magmatic and post-magmatic hydrothermal processes on rare-earth element mineralization: A study of the Bachu carbonatites from the Tarim Large Igneous Province, NW China. Lithos, 314. 71-87 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2018.05.023 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | dominated by dolomite and calcite, respectively. Monazite-(Ce) and bastnäsite-(Ce), the major REE minerals...(RRV) with barite + celestine + fluorapatite + monazite–(Ce) associations. These rocks are interpreted...deposit located in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, NW China (Fig. 1) hosts a measured total rare...Tectonically, it is located in the southern part of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, NW China, neighboring the...to the south. The Tarim Craton is composed of a complex Precambrian crystalline basement and a Phanerozoic |  | Ntiharirizwa, Seconde, Boulvais, Philippe, Poujol, Marc, Branquet, Yannick, Morelli, Cesare, Ntungwanayo, Joël, Midende, Gilbert (2018) Geology and U-Th-Pb Dating of the Gakara REE Deposit, Burundi. Minerals, 8 (9) 394 doi:10.3390/min8090394 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | stage into monazite. The U-Th-Pb ages obtained on bastnaesite (602 ± 7 Ma) and on monazite (589 ± 8 Ma)...Keywords: U-Th-Pb dating; REE deposit; bastnaesite; monazite; Gakara; Burundi 1. Introduction During the recent...bastnaesite (LREE-fluorocarbonate) and secondary monazite (LREE-Phosphate). The only geochronological data...LA-ICP-MS dating technique for bastnaesite and monazite. These new ages allow us to discuss the evolution...Kenya and Somalia via Tanzania to the north and Malawi and Mozambique to the south [7,8]. The Pan-African |  | Kozlov, Evgeniy, Fomina, Ekaterina, Sidorov, Mikhail, Shilovskikh, Vladimir, Bocharov, Vladimir, Chernyavsky, Alexey, Huber, Miłosz (2020) The Petyayan-Vara Carbonatite-Hosted Rare Earth Deposit (Vuoriyarvi, NW Russia): Mineralogy and Geochemistry. Minerals, 10 (1) 73 doi:10.3390/min10010073 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Devonian carbonatite–ijolite–pyroxenite–olivinite complex comprises several carbonatite fields: Neske Vara...Simultaneously, strontianite, quartz, calcite, monazite, HREE-rich thorite, and Fe-hydroxides were deposited...[12–17], China India [39–42], Italy have [43,44], Malawi [45–51], on the subjectNamibia of rare earth carbonatites...[18–37], Finland [38], India [39–42], Italy [43,44], Malawi [45–51], Tanzania [67], the USA [68–72], and Vietnam...Vuoriyarvi alkaline-ultrabasic carbonatite massif (Kola region, Russia) is one of more than 2. Geological Setting |  | Xu, Cheng, Kynicky, Jindrich, Chakhmouradian, Anton R., Campbell, Ian H., Allen, Charlotte M. (2010) Trace-element modeling of the magmatic evolution of rare-earth-rich carbonatite from the Miaoya deposit, Central China. Lithos, 118 (1) 145-155 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2010.04.003 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | contains abundant REE-rich minerals, including monazite and fluorapatite, both precipitated earlier than...southwestern margin of the Wudang Terrane at the southern margin of the Qinling orogenic belt (Fig. 1)....framework and tectonic evolution of the Qinling region are given in Meng and Zhang (2000), Ratschbacher...carbonatites. Symbols: Cal, calcite; Ls, laser spot; Mnz, monazite-(Ce); Ap, fluorapatite; Rt, rutile; Bt, bastnäsite-(Ce);...calcite veining in the syenite (B), development of monazite and fluorapatite prior to primary calcite (D, E) |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | but we suspect that the answer lies in the more complex nature of the sulfate species and a different behaviour... secondary zircon, allanite-(Ce), bastnäsite-(Ce) and monazite-(Ce). The HREEs were deposited proximal to the...primary pyrochlore, zircon (~4 wt% REE 2O3) and monazite-(Ce), and redeposited them largely within the...solid-rich fluid inclusion from the Tamazeght Complex, Morocco. The upper of the two bright crystals...comprise: (1) an early, marginal disseminated monazite-(Ce) stringer facies containing 3 to 6 wt% REE |  | Cooper, Alan F., Collins, Alice K., Palin, J. Michael, Spratt, John (2015) Mineralogical evolution and REE mobility during crystallisation of ancylite-bearing ferrocarbonatite, Haast River, New Zealand. Lithos, 216. 324-337 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2015.01.005 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | interstitial patches dominated by calcite–ancylite–barite–monazite– thorite–albite–aeschynite–analcime, interpreted...textures and carbonate geothermometry, have a complex history of recrystallisation from late stage, low...seismically to underlie the Haast River area. A plutonic complex at depth is further suggested by the presence of...ancylite-bearing carbonatite (OU 81155), and explores the complex sequence of magmatic and carbo-hydrothermal processes...north-draining tributary of Haast River in the Southern Alps of South Westland (Fig. 1). The creek drains |  | Andrade, F.R.D, Möller, P, Lüders, V, Dulski, P, Gilg, H.A (1999) Hydrothermal rare earth elements mineralization in the Barra do Itapirapuã carbonatite, southern Brazil: behaviour of selected trace elements and stable isotopes (C, O) Chemical Geology, 155 (1) 91-113 doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(98)00143-0 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | mineralization in the Barra do Itapirapua˜ carbonatite, southern Brazil: behaviour of selected trace elements and...Barra do Itapirapua˜ carbonatite is located in southern Brazil and belongs to the Cretaceous Ponta Grossa...opening of the South Atlantic. The carbonatite complex is emplaced in Proterozoic granites and is mainly...Karonge, Angola Žvan Wambeke, 1977. and Tundulu and Kangankunde, Malawi ŽNgwenya, 1994; Wall and Mariano, 1996...focuses on the Barra do Itapirapua˜ carbonatite, southern Brazil ŽFig. 1., particularly on the geochemical |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | liberated upon complete destruction of magmatic monazite and xenotime during interaction with a F-CO2 -Ca-bearing...in primary accessory minerals such as allanite, monazite, apatite, xenotime, zircon, thorite, and uraninite...Variscan Erzgebirge is positioned in the border region between Germany (Saxony) and the Czech Republic...Wavelength-dispersion spectral scans done on complex natural REE phosphates (monazite and xenotime) were used to determine...the stoichiometry and composition of an in-house monazite analyzed in different laboratories. The analytical |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | the Magnet Cove complex in the U.S. [20,21], carbonatites of the Salpeterkop complex in South Africa...Africa [22], and the Gross Brukkaros complex in Namibia [23]. Nb-rich polymorphs of TiO2 play a key role in...Morro dos Seis Lagos. However, laterites in this complex formed after ferro-(siderite)carbonatites that...occurred due to the site’s location in the sub-Arctic region [30]. These “preserved” sites help to identify...alkaline-ultrabasic carbonatite complex, southwest of the Murmansk region, Northwest Russia. The Vuoriyarvi |
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