Tübingen, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074 Tübingen, Germany Received 4 March 2013; accepted in revised form...bismutite, malachite and azurite samples from the Schwarzwald mining district, SW Germany, was analyzed in order...21.0& VPDB, cerussite, bismutite, malachite and azurite d18O values show a variation from +11.2& to +17...sources. We show that the PAFFs of malachite, azurite and bismutite have the same temperature dependence...water in equilibrium with cerussite, malachite and azurite overlap with the range that can be expected for |