 | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | continental blocks south of the Hindu Kush, Afghanistan Shah Wali Faryad, Stephen Collett, Mike Petterson...continental blocks south of the Hindu Kush, Afghanistan, LITHOS (2013), doi: 10.1016/j.lithos.2013.04...continental blocks south of the Hindu Kush, Afghanistan T Shah Wali Faryad1*, Stephen Collett1, Mike...this collision zone is best exposed in eastern Afghanistan, where several continental blocks with associated...times. However much of the tectonic evolution of Afghanistan is related to the closure of Paleozoic and Mesozoic |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | early-stage granitic fluid associated with Laojunshan granite. The considerable concentration variation of Rb...of Tuantian gneiss granite, Nanlao granitic gneiss, and Laochengpo gneiss granite (S-type), which of...of Tuantian gneiss granite, Nanlao granitic gneiss, and Laochengpo gneiss granite (S-type), which were...Laojunshan (S-type) granite, which is mainly composed of biotite porphyry granite, was dated at Laojunshan...Laojunshan (S-type) granite, which is mainly composed of biotite porphyry granite, was dated at 88.9 ± 1.1 |  | | Journal (issue) | | Differences The Emerald Mines of the Panjshir Valley, Afghanistan Emeralds in Russia: The Geology and...mining in Zambia, Madagascar and Colombia. And Afghanistan is addressing its emerald mining and manufacturing...and trade delegations from Zambia, Brazil and Afghanistan. Representatives of the major international trade...org WORLD EMERALD UPDATE gems run through the Panjshir Valley, located in the Hindu color as possible;...the Panjshir Valley mining at the Kagem mine in Zambia and followed the stones of Afghanistan are some |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | production. Emeralds have also been mined in Afghanistan, Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, China, India,...and occurrences 5.1. Afghanistan The principal emerald occurrences in Afghanistan lie within a 400 km2...km2 area centered on the Panjshir Valley 130 km NE of Kabul (Bowersox et al., 1991; Fijal et al., 2004)...suggested that the emerald occurrences in the Panjshir Valley are related to a continental suture zone...(2000) described the Tawach deposit (NW of the Panjshir Valley) as being related to the intrusion of tourmaline-bearing |  | Giuliani, Gaston, Dubessy, Jean, Ohnenstetter, Daniel, Banks, David, Branquet, Yannick, Feneyrol, Julien, Fallick, Anthony E., Martelat, Jean-Emmanuel (2018) The role of evaporites in the formation of gems during metamorphism of carbonate platforms: a review. Mineralium Deposita, 53 (1) 1-20 doi:10.1007/s00126-017-0738-4 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | lapis-lazuli in marble and/or calc-silicate rocks from Afghanistan (Fig. 1). Previous studies highlighted special...(Groat 2014) and lapis-lazuli of Sar-e-Sang in Afghanistan (Faryad 2002) allowed the characterisation of...Emerald crystals on quartz and adularia, Panjshir Valley, Afghanistan, 6.6 × 4.4 cm. Specimen Fine Art Mineral...carbonate and pyrite from Sar-e-Sang mines, Afghanistan, 8.3 × 6.2 cm, Specimen Crystal Classics. g Gem...deposits from Afghanistan The main commercial emerald deposits are centred on the Panjshir Valley, 230 |  | | Report (issue) | | Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan Compiled by G.J. Orris1 and J.D. Bliss1 Open-File Report...APPENDIX A: Afghanistan Mines and Mineral Occurrences.. 11 TABLES Table 1. Provinces of Afghanistan ........more than 1000 mines and mineral occurrences in Afghanistan was compiled from published literature and the...PROCESSING, AND ACCURACY Data on more than 1000 Afghanistan deposits, mines, and occurrences were compiled...coal, and peat. Three previous compilations of Afghanistan mineral resources were the dominant sources used |  | | Journal (issue) | | and Alfred A. Levinson Emeralds of the Panjshir Valley, Afghanistan Gary Bowersox, Lawrence W Snee, Eugene...(ferro-magnesium)dark-colored minerals such as py- Rhyolite 1 Granite I felsic I Andesile Basalt Dor~te Gabbro...W i t h the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan, villagers in the Pani& shir Valley are Lurning...onkerite veins. The gemological properties of Panjshir emeralds are consisrent with those o f emeralds...tourmaline and morganite, have been found i n Panjshir emeralds as well. Approximntely $1 0 million in |  | Tapponnier, Paul, Mattauer, Maurice, Proust, François, Cassaigneau, Christian (1981) Mesozoic ophiolites, sutures, and arge-scale tectonic movements in Afghanistan. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 52 (2) 355-371 doi:10.1016/0012-821x(81)90189-8 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | received July 31, 1980 The tectonic history of Afghanistan appears to be the result of successive accretion...Paleozoic. The margin, in Afghanistan, lies along the present Herat and Panjshir faults, south of Hindu...Pangong-Nu Chiang sutures (respectively in central Afghanistan and central Tibet) testify for another suturing...between India and Tibet corresponds, in eastern Afghanistan, to two ophiolite subbelts, near Kabul and Khost...along Mesozoic and more ancient sutures. Central Afghanistan, in particular, was extruded to the west along |  | | Journal (issue) | | samples, and compares them to emeralds from Afghanistan and elsewhere in Pakistan. The Chitral emerald...bluish (almost colourless) beryl crystal from Afghanistan, which measures 11.5 mm in the c-axis direction...bluish, almost colourless beryl crystal from Afghanistan (Figure 4) that has a short prismatic habit with...Schmetzer and photomicrograph (b) by H. A. Gilg. Afghanistan thus indicates that the crystal has undergone...Cambodia (0.93 Ma) Shandong, China (16 Ma) Afghanistan (24.7 Ma) Mesozoic Colombia (11－8 Ma) 40 Ma |  | | Book (edition) | | Hindu Kush mountains of Four days' exeastern Afghanistan. some rocks perience scrambhng up bewilWales...Newby from Mayfair to the wild mountains of Afghanistan. He was no sailor when he embarked in the Moshulu;...Carriage 60 7 A LiftZe Bft of Protocol 76 8 Panjshir Valley 94 9 A WdZfe in the Sun 106 CONTENTS...col on the Arayu wood at Kaujan Shepherd in the Panjshir Valley on the way to Kabul with the a flock of...place for you. It lies in the extreme N.E. of Afghanistan, bordering on Chitral and enclosed by the main |  | | Report (issue) | | Province. Afghanistan; by electron microprobe. (3) Be3 Al2 Si6 O18 : Occurrence: In granites and granite pegmatites...Karimabad, Hunza district, Pakistan. In Afghanistan, around Khenj, Panjshir Valley. In the USA, from the Pala |  | | Book (edition) | | a Closed Carriage . A Little Bit of Protocol . Panjshir Valley . A Walk in the Sun DN WwW nm oor . Finding...Badar Khan in the wood at Kaujan Shepherd in the Panjshir Valley on the way to Kabul with a flock of fat-tailed...Newby from Mayfair to the wild mountains of Afghanistan. He was no sailor when he embarked in the Moshulu;...place for you. It lies in the extreme N.E. of Afghanistan, bordering on Chitral and enclosed by the main...to The Imperial Gazetteer of India, volume on Afghanistan, page 70, line 37 et seq. This is somewhat out |  | | Report (issue) | | ''The Most Beautiful Green!'' Asia: Pakistan, Afghanistan and India .......6 0 Old Mine Emeralds . . ....growing emeralds from Colombia, Nigeria and Afghanistan. According to the skill (or lack thereof) of...Deposits Pegmatites Without Schist Seams • Emerald in Granite and Pegmatite Vugs (e.g., Kaduna, Plateau States...Grundmann Pegmatites Without Schist: Emerald in Granite and Pegmatite Vugs overview The Most Important...(width of about 20 meters) The roof zone of a granite (crosses) with pegmatite/aplite veins (dotted) |  | Qiao, Xin, Zhou, Zhengyu, Schwarz, Dietmar Theodor, Qi, Lijian, Gao, Jiaxin, Nong, Peizhen, Lai, Meng, Guo, Kaipeng, Li, Yingbo (2019) Study of the Differences in Infrared Spectra of Emerald from Different Mining Areas and the Controlling Factors. The Canadian Mineralogist, 57 (1) 65-79 doi:10.3749/canmin.1800042 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | (ST); Brazil, Minas Gerais Itabira (I); Afghanistan, Panjshir valley (P); Russia, Ural mountain (U); Zimbabwe...Em0124 Afghanistan Itabira (I) 0.45 5.50 3 4.42 3 2.61 Very light green Faceted Panjshir Valley...0.50 7.43 3 3.04 3 2.44 Green Em0128 Afghanistan Panjshir Valley (P) 0.45 7.54 3 3.07 3 2.55 Green...the channel water. Emeralds from Colombia EC, Afghanistan P, Russia-Ural mountain U, and Nigeria KP are...H2O I spectral characteristics (Colombia-EC, Afghanistan-P, Russia-U) m–w sh s sh m w–m s Not distinguishable |  | Aurisicchio, Carlo, Conte, Aida M., Medeghini, Laura, Ottolini, Luisa, De Vito, Caterina (2018) Major and trace element geochemistry of emerald from several deposits: Implications for genetic models and classification schemes. Ore Geology Reviews, 94. 351-366 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2018.02.001 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | distinguishes the emerald deposits related to granite-pegmatite intrusion from those controlled by tectonic...crystallization occurs at the contact between granite and talc schists/talc–actinolite schists (Fersmann...of early metasomatic albitization of alkaline granite of the Mesozoic Jos ring complex (Vapnik and Moroz...pegmatite pockets (up to 8 cm in size) at the contact granite-country rock, near 4 the Nigerian Basement Complex;...Type-2 deposits The emerald deposits of Panjshir Valley (Afghanistan) are genetically related to hydrothermal |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | rare-metal pegmatites in the Hindu Kush (Eastern Afghanistan) a a L.N. Rossovskiy , V.M. Chmyrev & A.S....rare-metal pegmatites in the Hindu Kush (Eastern Afghanistan), International Geology Review, 18:11, 1339-1342...fiossoi'sliy, V M. Chmyrev, and A.S. -Solalch In Afghanistan in 1971-1973, Soviet g e o l o g i s t s d i...located mainly in the e a s t e r n p a r t of Afghanistan on the s o u t h e a s t e r n s p u r s of the...and to a l e s s e r degree in C e n t r a l Afghanistan and on the n o r t h e r n slopes of the Hindu |  | | Journal (issue) | | Age Dating as New Service New Emeralds from Afghanistan (Press Release) 2019 2018 'Padparadscha-like'...(published March 2017) and new emeralds from Afghanistan (published March 2021). Source: SSEF. on rubies...about excellent new emeralds from the Panjshir valley in Afghanistan, which can compete with the finest...TYPE OF EMERALD FROM AFGHANISTAN r Figure 1: The Panjshir Valley in Afghanistan and a specimen of excellent...from the Panjshir valley. Panjshir valley photo: Wiki Commons. S ince many decades, the Panjshir Valley |  | | Journal (issue) | | with the country of origin listed as either Afghanistan or Vietnam. Rubies from these two sources have...active in the ruby-bearing metamorphic belt from Afghanistan to Vietnam. The fourth period of corundum formation...spinel, titanite, pyrite, and graphite, as in Afghanistan (Jegdalek), Nepal (Chumar and Ruyil), Pakistan...the contact of two contrasting lithologies: (1) granite or pegmatite adjoining (2) M-UMR, marble, or gneiss...post-magmatic solutions, which originated from the same granite or from other magmatic or metamorphic events. The |  | Groat, L. A., Marshall, D. D., Giuliani, G., Murphy, D. C., Piercey, S. J., Jambor, J. L., Mortensen, J. K., Ercit, T. S., Gault, R. A., Mattey, D. P., Schwarz, D., Maluski, H., Wise, M. A., Wengzynowski, W., Eaton, D. W. (2002) MINERALOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL STUDY OF THE REGAL RIDGE EMERALD SHOWING, SOUTHEASTERN YUKON. The Canadian Mineralogist, 40 (5) 1313-1338 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.40.5.1313 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | depths of 3 to 7.7 km. The close proximity of the granite suggests that it is the source of the Be, although...profondeur entre 3 et 7.7 km. La proximité du granite fait penser qu’il était la source du béryllium...un refroidissement suivant la mise en place du granite, ou les deux. (Traduit par la Rédaction) Mots-clés:...is one of the largest bodies of mid-Cretaceous granite in the area. The pluton is zoned; the part closest...showing is an apparently near-margin muscovite granite that, over a few tens of meters, grades to more |  | | Journal (issue) | | an established presence in the USA, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan. The Foundation, in collaboration...Precambrian schist metamorphic rock and in the veins of granite pegmatite rocks. The crystals are of various hexagonal...quality. Aquamarine deposits are distributed in granite pegmatite rock in the Altay region. The crystals...location for tourmaline. The deposits occur in granite pegmatite rock. The gemological characteristics...Inner Mongolia. The deposits are distributed in granite pegmatite rock. The crystals are of orthorhombic |  | | Journal (issue) | | and increased awareness of the green gem from Afghanistan and Pakistan. Meanwhile, the major miners, including...Russia, Zimbabwe, Madagascar, Pakistan, and Afghanistan (Image 8) were the main world emerald producers...greenstone belts. The fluids expelled from the granite circulated within the thermal aureole and reacted...Pakistan: 38: Khaltaro; 39. Swat valley. Afghanistan: 40. Panjshir valley. Russia: 41. Urals (Malyshevo)...producing intense K-Na-Mg metasomatism of M-UMR and granite (Image 13). This genetic pathway is the most common |  | Giuliani, Gaston, Groat, Lee A., Marshall, Dan, Fallick, Anthony E., Branquet, Yannick (2019) Emerald Deposits: A Review and Enhanced Classification. Minerals, 9 (2) 105 doi:10.3390/min9020105 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Canada, USA); (IIC) Metamorphic rocks (China, Afghanistan, USA); (IID) Metamorphosed and remobilized either...Emerald crystals on quartz and adularia, Panjshir Valley, Afghanistan, 6.6 × 4.4 cm. Specimen: Fine Art Mineral...Russia, Zimbabwe, Madagascar, Pakistan, and Afghanistan (Figure 3) are the largest producers of emerald...Pakistan: 39: Khaltaro; 40. Swat valley. Afghanistan: 41. Panjshir valley. Russia: 42. Urals (Malyshevo)...de Goiás, Brazil, and either Panjsher valley (Afghanistan) or Swat valley (Pakistan). Schwarz and Giuliani |  | Marshall, Dan, Groat, Lee, Giuliani, Gaston, Murphy, Don, Mattey, Dave, Ercit, T.Scott, Wise, Michael A, Wengzynowski, William, Eaton, W.Douglas (2003) Pressure, temperature and fluid conditions during emerald precipitation, southeastern Yukon, Canada: fluid inclusion and stable isotope evidence. Chemical Geology, 194 (1) 187-199 doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(02)00277-2 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | within 600 m of an outcrop of Cretaceous S-type granite. Field work and vein petrography are consistent...most likely derived from the nearby Cretaceous granite intrusion. D 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights...hundred square meters. The closest Cretaceous granite outcrop occurs 600 m to the southeast of the emerald...zones, but field mapping suggests the Cretaceous granite may be present approximately 500 m below the emerald...generations of quartz veins in the general area of the granite and the emerald mineralization. These range from |  | | Journal (issue) | | Sillimanite resembling moonstone • Sphene from Afghanistan • Uvite-dravite tourmaline from Tanzania • Triploidite...Triploidite from China • Väyrynenite from Afghanistan • Diffusion-treated synthetic sapphire • Lead glass–filled...Colombia, Nigeria, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Pakistan, and Afghanistan (table 2). Of the latter samples, 50 parallel-polished...Santa Terezinha, Brazil Swat, Pakistan Panjshir, Afghanistan Cordillera Oriental, Columbia ENNIO1–10...(Colombia and Brazil), Asia (Russia, Pakistan, and Afghanistan), and Africa (Zambia and Zimbabwe), as well |  | Liu, Yan, Deng, Jun, Shi, Guanghai, Sun, Daisheng (2012) Geochemical and morphological characteristics of coarse-grained tabular beryl from the Xuebaoding W–Sn–Be deposit, Sichuan Province, western China. International Geology Review, 54 (14) 1673-1684 doi:10.1080/00206814.2012.667904 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | amount of beryl is also found in fractures within granite. The Xuebaoding deposit is well known for its colourful...Province 1975), and skarns have formed around the granite (Figure 1). The Triassic strata are composed of... 2007a). rock (Figure 4). Part I, within the granite, is dominated by muscovite and beryl. Part II consists...cassiterite, and muscovite near the boundary between the granite and marble. Part III represents the main mineralization...muscovite alternation (about 2 cm thick) in the host granite. The main mineralization took place in the marble |
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