 | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Weathered crusts overlying carbonatite complexes in Brazil and one hard rock carbonatite deposit in Canada...currently Mibra Mine, Volta Grande (Brazil), the Pitinga Mine (Brazil) and Marropinno (Mozambique). The...Papp (2009a, 2011a, 2013a) 1200 1000 Australia Brazil Canada 800 Rwanda Mozambique 600 Other World...Russia and India. Production comes primarily from Brazil. Production from Canada and other 500 400 300...and Papp (2009a, 2011b, 2013b) 70000 60000 50000 Brazil 40000 Canada 30000 Other World Total 20000 |  | | Report (issue) | | subsurface geology of the Saint-Honoré carbonatite complex in southern Quebec, Canada, and a schematic north-south...chart showing niobium resources and reserves in Brazil, Canada, and the United States...................minerals. Niobium is primarily derived from the complex oxide minerals of the pyrochlore group ((Na,Ca...lithium-cesium-tantalum (LCT)type pegmatites). Brazil and Canada are the leading nations that produce...produce niobium mineral concentrates, but Brazil is by far the leading producer, accounting for about 90 percent |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | youngest parts of a carbonatite-alkaline rock complex that formed during fractional crystallization of...2015 (Mt) Reserves (Mt) Igneous phosphorites Brazil Russia South Africa 6.04 11.00 2.16 6.70 12.50...phosphate rock is the Devonian Khibina Alkaline Complex in Russia’s Kola Peninsula (Fig. 2), with seven...rock production. Igneous phosphate deposits in Brazil, most associated with Cretaceous alkaline carbonatite...2016). Although the Paleoproterozoic Phalabora Complex in South Africa only produced 2.20 Mt (10%) in |  | Smith, M.P., Moore, K., Kavecsánszki, D., Finch, A.A., Kynicky, J., Wall, F. (2016) From mantle to critical zone: A review of large and giant sized deposits of the rare earth elements. Geoscience Frontiers, 7 (3) 315-334 doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2015.12.006 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | the primary igneous source, but the grade is a complex function of igneous source, magmatic crystallisation...molal Na2O+K2O/Al2O3>1.2, and the formation of complex Zr and Ti minerals such as eudialyte – such rocks...host marble. The geochronology of the ores is complex, with periods defined from 1230– 1350 Ma (largely...2015). SC Bear Lodge– The Bear Lodge Carbonatite complex is not currently mined, but hosts potentially economic...by Moore et al. (2015). The Bear Lodge Alkaline Complex is part of the Black Hills Intrusive Belt, South |  | Elliott, H.A.L., Wall, F., Chakhmouradian, A.R., Siegfried, P.R., Dahlgren, S., Weatherley, S., Finch, A.A., Marks, M.A.W., Dowman, E., Deady, E. (2018) Fenites associated with carbonatite complexes: A review. Ore Geology Reviews, 93. 38-59 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2017.12.003 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | have been identified between the presence of more complex veining textures, mineralogy and brecciation in...carbonatite-related laterite deposits at Araxá and 5 90 Catalão II, Brazil (e.g. Mitchell, 2015); carbonatite...produced from 164 parent alkaline magmas via a complex combination of liquid immiscibility and/or 165...of hydrothermal 181 fluids in and around the complex. With very few exceptions (e.g. Arzamastsev et...(1921) in his 186 memoir on the Fen carbonatite complex, Norway. Since the initial studies of the 187 |  | | Report (issue) | | rare-earth elements, and antimony in China; niobium in Brazil; and platinum-group elements in South Africa and...solubility of fluorite as a function of temperature for complex Na-Ca-Mg-Cl brines from ambient temperatures to...subsurface geology of the Saint-Honoré carbonatite complex in southern Quebec, Canada, and a schematic north-south...chart showing niobium resources and reserves in Brazil, Canada, and the United States...................showing the Rustenburg Layered Suite of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa, the surface trace of significant |
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