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Basalt from Somali Plate

Comoros
 
  • Grand Comore
Savin, C., Grasso, J. R., & Bachelery, P. (2005). Seismic signature of a phreatic explosion: hydrofracturing damage at Karthala volcano, Grande Comore Island, Indian Ocean. Bulletin of volcanology, 67(8), 717-732. doi.org/10.1007/s00445-005-0411-0
Strong, D. F. (1972). The petrology of the lavas of Grande Comore. Journal of Petrology, 13(2), 181-218. doi.org/10.1093/petrology/13.2.181
Djibouti
 
  • Arta Region
Moussa, Nima & Boiron, M.C & Grassineau, Nathalie & Asael, Dan & Fouquet, Yves & Le Gall, Bernard & Rolet, Joël & Etoubleau, Joel & Delacourt, Christophe. (2019). Mineralogy, fluid inclusions and stable isotope study of epithermal Au-Ag-Bi-Te mineralization from the SE Afar Rift (Djibouti). Ore Geology Reviews. 111. 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.05.002.
  • Dikhil Region
Moussa, Nima & Boiron, M.C & Grassineau, Nathalie & Asael, Dan & Fouquet, Yves & Le Gall, Bernard & Rolet, Joël & Etoubleau, Joel & Delacourt, Christophe. (2019). Mineralogy, fluid inclusions and stable isotope study of epithermal Au-Ag-Bi-Te mineralization from the SE Afar Rift (Djibouti). Ore Geology Reviews. 111. 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.05.002.
  • Tadjourah Region
Iltireh, Awaleh Djama, Kadioğlu, Yusuf Kağan (2024) Electron Probe Micro-Analyzer Studies and Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Plagioclase in Basaltic Rocks from the Asal–Ghoubbet Area, Republic of Djibouti. Minerals, 14 (3) doi:10.3390/min14030216
Iltireh, Awaleh Djama, Kadioğlu, Yusuf Kağan (2024) Electron Probe Micro-Analyzer Studies and Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Plagioclase in Basaltic Rocks from the Asal–Ghoubbet Area, Republic of Djibouti. Minerals, 14 (3) doi:10.3390/min14030216
Ethiopia
 
  • Oromia Region
    • Arsi Zone
Kennan, P. S., Mitchell, J. G., & Mohr, P. (1990). The Sagatu Ridge dyke swarm, Ethiopian rift margin: revised age and new Sr-isotopic data. Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East), 11(1-2), 39-42. doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(90)90075-P
Mohr, P. (1980). Geochemical aspects of the Sagatu dyke swarm, Ethiopian Rift margin. In Geodynamic Evolution of the Afro-Arabian Rift System (Vol. 47, pp. 387-406).
Mohr, P. A., & Potter, E. C. (1976). The Sagatu Ridge dike swarm, Ethiopian rift margin. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 1(1), 55-71. doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(76)90018-4
Di Paola, G.M. 1973. The Ethiopian rift valley (between 7º00' and 8º40' lat.north). Bulletin Volcanologique, 36, 517-560.
    • Bale Zone
Le Bas, M. J., & Mohr, P. A. (1968). Feldspathoidal rocks from the Cainozoic volcanic province of Ethiopia. Geologische Rundschau, 58(1), 273-280. doi.org/10.1007/BF01820608
Mohr, P. A. (1962). The geology of Ethiopia: Univ. Coll.
    • East Shewa Zone
Carbonin, C., Dal Negro, A., Ganeo, S., & Piccirillo, E. M. (1991). Influence of magma composition and oxygen fugacity on the crystal structure of C2/c clinopyroxenes from a basalt-pantellerite suite. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 108(1-2), 34-42. doi.org/10.1007/BF00307324
Morbidelli, L., Nicoletti, M., Petrucciani, C., & Piccirillo, E. M. (1975). Ethiopian South-Eastern Plateau and related escarpment: K/Ar ages of the main volcanic events (Main Ethiopian Rift from 8° 10’to 9° 00’lat. North). In Afar Depression of Ethiopia (pp. 362-369). Schweizerbart Stuttgart. 362-369.
Brotzu, P., Morbidelli, L., Piccirillo, E. M., & Traversa, G. (1974). Petrological features of Boseti mountains, a complex volcanic system in the axial portion of the Main Ethiopian Rift. Bulletin Volcanologique, 38(1), 206-234. doi.org/10.1007/BF02597811
Brotzu, P., & Morbidelli, L., Piccirillo, EM, Traversa, G., 1980: Volcanological and magmatological evidences of Boseti Volcanic Complex (Main Ethiopian Rift). In: Geodynamic evolution of the Afro-Arabic Rift System. Atti dei Convegni dei Lincei. Ace. Naz. dei Lincei. Atti dei Convegni Lincei, 47, 317-366.
    • Lake Shala (Lake Shalla)
Mohr, P., Mitchell, J. G., & Raynolds, R. G. H. (1980). Quaternary volcanism and faulting at O’a Caldera, Central Ethiopian Rift. Bulletin Volcanologique, 43(1), 173-189. doi.org/10.1007/BF02597619
Mohr, P., Mitchell, J. G., & Raynolds, R. G. H. (1980). Quaternary volcanism and faulting at O’a Caldera, Central Ethiopian Rift. Bulletin Volcanologique, 43(1), 173-189. doi.org/10.1007/BF02597619
Di Paola, G.M. 1973. The Ethiopian rift valley (between 7º00' and 8º40' lat.north). Bulletin Volcanologique, 36, 517-560.
Mohr, P. &. O'Donnell, H. 1983. Geochemistry of obsidians from O'a and related volcanic centres in the Ethiopian Rift Valley. Sinet, Ethiopina Journal of Science, 6, 53-64.
Di Paola, G.M. 1973. The Ethiopian rift valley (between 7º00' and 8º40' lat.north). Bulletin Volcanologique, 36, 517-560.
Mohr, P. &. O'Donnell, H. 1983. Geochemistry of obsidians from O'a and related volcanic centres in the Ethiopian Rift Valley. Sinet, Ethiopina Journal of Science, 6, 53-64.
Indian Ocean
 
  • Central Indian Ridge
Choi, Sun Ki, Pak, Sang Joon, Kim, Jonguk, Park, Jung-Woo, Son, Seung-Kyu (2021) Gold and tin mineralisation in the ultramafic-hosted Cheoeum vent field, Central Indian Ridge. Mineralium Deposita, 56 (5) 885-906 doi:10.1007/s00126-020-01012-5
Herzig, P. M., & Plueger, W. L. (1988). Exploration for hydrothermal activity near the Rodriguez triple junction, Indian Ocean. The Canadian Mineralogist, 26(3), 721-736.
  • Southwest Indian Ridge
Zhang, Huichao, Chen, Kean, Tao, Chunhui, Alveirinho Dias, Ágata, Liang, Jin, Yang, Weifang, Liao, Shili, An, Fang, Yin, Bohao, Sun, Chuanqiang (2023) Occurrence and precipitation mechanism of silver in pyrite from chimney fragments in the Edmond hydrothermal field, Central Indian Ridge. Ore Geology Reviews, 158. 105471 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2023.105471
Meng, X., Jin, X., Li, X., Chu, F., Zhu, J., Wang, Y., & Zhou, P. (2022). Subseafloor mineralization related to the shallow seawater-hydrothermal circulation system in the Longqi hydrothermal field, Southwest Indian Ridge (49.6° E): Evidence from in situ trace element and sulfur isotope compositions of pyrite varieties. Ore Geology Reviews, 145, 104914.
Kenya
 
  • Baringo County
Dunkley, P. N., Smith, M., Allen, D. J., & Darling, W. G. (1993). The geothermal activity and geology of the northern sector of the Kenya Rift Valley.
Key, R. M. (1987). Geology of the Maralal area. Republic of Kenya Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department Report, 105.
Sceal, J. S. C., & Weaver, S. D. (1971). Trace element data bearing on the origin of salic rocks from the Quaternary volcano Paka, Gregory Rift, Kenya. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 12(3), 327-331. doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(71)90218-4
Hackmann, B.D. 1988. The geology of the Baringo-Laikipia area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 104.
  • Homa Bay County
Bestland, E. A., & Krull, E. S. (1999). Palaeoenvironments of Early Miocene Kisingiri volcano Proconsul sites: evidence from carbon isotopes, palaeosols and hydromagmatic deposits. Journal of the Geological Society, 156(5), 965-976. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.156.5.0965
Bestland, E. A., Thackray, G. D., & Retallack, G. J. (1995). Cycles of doming and eruption of the Miocene Kisingiri Volcano, Southwest Kenya. The Journal of Geology, 103(5), 598-607. doi.org/10.1086/629779
DRAKE, R. E., VAN COUVERING, J. A., PICKFORD, M. H., CURTIS, G. H., & HARRIS, J. A. (1988). New chronology for the Early Miocene mammalian faunas of Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(3), 479-491. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.3.0479
Rubie, D. C., & Gunter, W. D. (1983). The role of speciation in alkaline igneous fluids during fenite metasomatism. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 82(2-3), 165-175. doi.org/10.1007/BF01166611
Rubie, D. C. (1982). Mass transfer and volume change during alkali metasomatism at Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Lithos, 15(2), 99-109. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(82)90003-2
Norry, M. J., Truckle, P. H., Lippard, S. J., Hawkesworth, C. J., Weaver, S. D., & Marriner, G. F. (1980). Isotopic and trace element evidence from lavas, bearing on mantle heterogeneity beneath Kenya. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 297(1431), 259-271. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1980.0214
Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley.
Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0
  • Kajiado County
Matheson, F. J. (1966). Geology of the Kajiado area. Geological Survey of Kenya Report, 70.
Matheson, F. J. (1966). Geology of the Kajiado area. Geological Survey of Kenya Report, 70.
Fairburn, W. A. (1963). Geology of the North Machakos-Thika Area: Degree Sheet 52 NW, with Coloured Geological Map (No. 59). Geological Survey of Kenya.
Fairburn, W. A. (1963). Geology of the North Machakos-Thika Area: Degree Sheet 52 NW, with Coloured Geological Map (No. 59). Geological Survey of Kenya.
Baker, B. H. (1958) Geology of the Magadi Area. Report 42. Geological Survey of Kenya
Baker, B. H. (1958) Geology of the Magadi Area. Report 42. Geological Survey of Kenya
Fairhead, J. D., Mitchell, J. G., & Williams, L. A. J. (1972). New K/Ar determinations on rift volcanics of S. Kenya and their bearing on age of rift faulting. Nature Physical Science, 238(83), 66-69. doi.org/10.1038/physci238066a0
Baker, B. H., Williams, L. A. J., Miller, J. A., & Fitch, F. J. (1971). Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11(3), 191-215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8
Baker, B. H. (1958) Geology of the Magadi Area. Report 42. Geological Survey of Kenya
Woolley, A. R. (2001). Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London, p. 136.
Fairhead, J. D., Mitchell, J. G., & Williams, L. A. J. (1972). New K/Ar determinations on rift volcanics of S. Kenya and their bearing on age of rift faulting. Nature Physical Science, 238(83), 66-69. doi.org/10.1038/physci238066a0
Baker, B. H. (1958) Geology of the Magadi Area. Report 42. Geological Survey of Kenya
  • Makueni County
Späth, A., Le Roex, A.P., Opiyo-Akech, N. (2001) Plume–lithosphere interaction and the origin of continental rift-related alkaline volcanism—the Chyulu Hills Volcanic Province, southern Kenya. Journal of Petrology, 42:4, 765-787.
HENJES-KUNST, F. R. I. E. D. H. E. L. M., & ALTHERR, R. (1992). Metamorphic petrology of xenoliths from Kenya and northern Tanzania and implications for geotherms and lithospheric structures. Journal of Petrology, 33(5), 1125-1156. doi.org/10.1093/petrology/33.5.1125
Goles, G. G. (1975). Basalts of unusual composition from the Chyulu Hills, Kenya. Lithos, 8(1), 47-58.
Saggerson, E. P. (1963). Geology of the Simba-Kibwezi area. Geological Survey of Kenya, 58, 70.
Searle, D. L. (1954). Geology of the Sultan Hamud area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 29.
  • Marsabit County
Woolley, A. R. (2001). Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London, p. 105.
Ochieng, J. O., Wilkinson, A. F., Kagasi, J., & Kimomo, S. (1988). Geology of the Loiyangalani area. Report 107 (Reconnaissance).
Wilkinson, A. F. (1988). Geology of the Allia Bay area. Report Mines Geol Dept Kenya, 109, 1-54.
Vergouwen, Lideke (1979) Two new occurrences and the Gibbs energy of burkeite. Mineralogical Magazine, 43 (327) 341-345 doi:10.1180/minmag.1979.043.327.05
Dodson, R. G. (1971). Geology of the Area South of Lodwar: Degree Sheet 18, NE Quarter. Ministry of Natural Resources. Geological survey of Kenya.
Joubert, P. (1966). Geology of the Loperot area: Degree sheet 18, SE quarter (No. 74). Ministry of Natural Resources, Geological Survey of Kenya.
Baker, B. H. (1963). Geology of the Baragoi Area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 53.
Dodson, R. G. (1963) Geology of the South Horr Area. Report 60. Geological Survey of Kenya
Key, R. M., & Watkins, R. T. (1988). Geology of the Sabarei area. Republic of Kenya Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department Report, 111.
McDougall, I., & Watkins, R. T. (1988). Potassium–argon ages of volcanic rocks from northeast of Lake Turkana, northern Kenya. Geological Magazine, 125(1), 15-23. doi.org/10.1017/S001675680000933X
Fitch, F. J., Watkins, R. T., & MILLER, J. A. (1975). Age of a new carbonatite locality in northern Kenya. Nature, 254(5501), 581-583. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/254581a0.pdf
Ministry of Energy and Regional Development 1987. Geological map of Kenya. 1:1000000. Ministry of Energy and Regional Development, Republic of Kenya.
Wilkinson, A.F. 1988. Geology of the Allia Bay Area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 109.
  • Meru County
Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).
Price, R. C., Johnson, R. W., Gray, C. M., & Frey, F. A. (1985). Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89(4), 394-409. doi.org/10.1007/BF00381560
Rock, N.M.S. (1976) The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56, 205–228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605
Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8
Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.
Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.
  • Nairobi County
Saggerson, E. P. (1991). Geology of the Nairobi area (No. 98). Mines & Geological Department.
  • Nakuru County
Jennings, D. J. (1971). Geology of the Molo area. Report. Geological Survey of Kenya, 86.
McCall, G. J. H. (1967). Geology of the Nakuru-Thomson's Falls-Lake Hannington area. Rep. Geol. Surv. Kenya, 78, 122.
  • Narok County
Wright, J. B. (1967). Geology of the Narok area. Geological Survey of Kenya Report, 80.
Williams, L. A. J. (1964). Geology of the Mara river-Sianna area. Report. Geological Survey of Kenya, 66.
Shackleton, R. M. (1946). Geology of the Migori gold belt. Geol. Surv. Kenya, 10. http://samsamwater1.s3.amazonaws.com/maps/kenya/geology/Geology+of+the+Migori+Gold+Belt.pdf
  • Nyeri County
Thompson, A. O. (1964). Geology of the Kijabe area. Geol. Surv. Kenya Rept, 67.
Shackleton, R. M. (1945). Geology of the Nyeri area. Geological Survey of Kenya Report, 12.
  • Samburu County
Black, S., Macdonald, R., Barreiro, B. A., Dunkley, P. N., & Smith, M. (1998). Open system alkaline magmatism in northern Kenya: evidence from U-series disequilibria and radiogenic isotopes. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 131(4), 364-378. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050398
Dunkley, P. N., Smith, M., Allen, D. J., & Darling, W. G. (1993). The geothermal activity and geology of the northern sector of the Kenya Rift Valley. British Geological Survey, Research Report. International Series SC/93/1.
Williams, L. A. J., Macdonald, R., & Chapman, G. R. (1984). Late Quaternary caldera volcanoes of the Kenya Rift valley. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 89(B10), 8553-8570. doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB10p08553
Norry, M. J., Truckle, P. H., Lippard, S. J., Hawkesworth, C. J., Weaver, S. D., & Marriner, G. F. (1980). Isotopic and trace element evidence from lavas, bearing on mantle heterogeneity beneath Kenya. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 297(1431), 259-271. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1980.0214
Weaver, S. D. (1977). The Quaternary caldera volcano Emuruangogolak, Kenya Rift, and the petrology of a bimodal ferrobasalt-pantelleritic trachyte association. Bulletin Volcanologique, 40(4), 209-230. doi.org/10.1007/BF02597564
Shotton, F. W., Williams, R. E. G., & Johnson, A. (1974). Birmingham University radiocarbon dates VIII. Radiocarbon, 16(3), 285-303. doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200059610
  • Turkana County
Dunkley, P. N., Smith, M., Allen, D. J., & Darling, W. G. (1993). The geothermal activity and geology of the northern sector of the Kenya Rift Valley.
Williams, L. A. J., Macdonald, R., & Chapman, G. R. (1984). Late Quaternary caldera volcanoes of the Kenya Rift valley. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 89(B10), 8553-8570. doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB10p08553
Brown, F. H., & Carmichael, I. S. E. (1971). Quaternary volcanoes of the Lake Rudolf region: II. The lavas of north island, south island and the Barrier. Lithos, 4(3), 305-323. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(71)90009-0
Dodson, R. G. (1963) Geology of the South Horr Area. Report 60. Geological Survey of Kenya
Smith, W. C. (1938). Petrographic description of volcanic rocks from Turkana, Kenya Colony, with notes on their field occurrence from the manuscript of Mr. AM Champion. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 94(1-4), 507-554. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1938.094.01-04.18
Key, R. M. (1987). Geology of the Maralal area. Republic of Kenya Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department Report, 105.
Dunkley, P. N., Smith, M., Allen, D. J., & Darling, W. G. (1993). The geothermal activity and geology of the northern sector of the Kenya Rift Valley.
Key, R. M. (1987). Geology of the Maralal area. Republic of Kenya Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department Report, 105.
Fairburn, W. A., & Matheson, F. J. (1970). Geology of the Loiya-Lorugumu Area: Degree Sheets 17, NE Quarter and 18, NW Quarter (No. 85). Geological Survey of Kenya.
Smith, W. C. (1938). Petrographic description of volcanic rocks from Turkana, Kenya Colony, with notes on their field occurrence from the manuscript of Mr. AM Champion. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 94(1-4), 507-554. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1938.094.01-04.18
Macdonald, R., Davies, G. R., Upton, B. G. J., Dunkley, P. N., Smith, M., & Leat, P. T. (1995). Petrogenesis of Silali volcano, Gregory Rift, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(4), 703-720. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.4.0703
Smith, M., Dunkley, P. N., Deino, A., Williams, L. A. J., & McCall, G. J. H. (1995). Geochronology, stratigraphy and structural evolution of Silali volcano, Gregory Rift, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(2), 297-310. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.2.0297
Dunkley, P. N., Smith, M., Allen, D. J., & Darling, W. G. (1993). The geothermal activity and geology of the northern sector of the Kenya Rift Valley. British Geological Survey, Research Report. International Series SC/93/1.
McCall, G. J. H., & Hornung, G. (1972). A geochemical study of Silali volcano, Kenya, with special reference to the origin of the intermediate-acid eruptives of the Central Rift Valley. In Developments in Geotectonics (Vol. 7, pp. 97-113). Elsevier. doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-41087-0.50016-6
Madagascar
 
  • Anosy
    • Amboasary Sud District
      • Ebelo
Mahoney, J. J., Saunders, A. D., Storey, M. and Randriamanantenasoa, A. (2008) Geochemistry of the Volcan d l'Androy Basalt-Rhyolite Complex, Madagascar Cretaceous Igneous Province. Journal of Petrology, 49 (6), 1069-1096
      • Tranomaro
Brenon, P. (1957) Etude des gisements de thorianite et de mica de la region de Tranomaro. [Title on journal]: 171-177.
  • Boeny
    • Mitsinjo District
      • Antseza
Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache
  • Diana
    • Ambanja
      • Antsirabe
Rakotovao Soatsitohaina, Rakotondrazafy Raymond, Beziat Didier, Salvi Stefano, Rasolomanana Eddy (2009) Petrologie du complexe alcalin cenozoïque d'Ambohirahavavy, presqu'ile d'Ampasindava, Nord Ouest de Madagascar [Petrology of the Cenozoic Alkaline Complex of Ambohirahavy, Ampasindava Peninsula, Northwest Madagascar]. Mada-Géo 13, 2-19
    • Antsiranana (Diego-Suarez) District
      • Anamakia
Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624.
    • Antsiranana II District
Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624.
Emerick, C.M., Duncan, R.A. (1982) Age progressive volcanism in the Comores Archipelago, western Indian Ocean and implications for Somali plate tectonics. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 60 (3) 415-428 doi:10.1016/0012-821x(82)90077-2
Emerick, C.M., Duncan, R.A. (1982) Age progressive volcanism in the Comores Archipelago, western Indian Ocean and implications for Somali plate tectonics. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 60 (3) 415-428 doi:10.1016/0012-821x(82)90077-2
Emerick, C.M., Duncan, R.A. (1982) Age progressive volcanism in the Comores Archipelago, western Indian Ocean and implications for Somali plate tectonics. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 60 (3) 415-428 doi:10.1016/0012-821x(82)90077-2
Karche, J. P. (1973). Le Massif volcanique d'Ambre et les régions voisines du nord de Madagascar: Etude volcanologique et pétrologique. Univ. de Besançon, Inst. des Sciences Naturelles. Ser.3, Géologie, 19 (1), 1-173.
Karche, J. P. (1973). Le Massif volcanique d'Ambre et les régions voisines du nord de Madagascar: Etude volcanologique et pétrologique. Univ. de Besançon, Inst. des Sciences Naturelles. Ser.3, Géologie, 19 (1), 1-173.
Karche, J. P. (1973). Le Massif volcanique d'Ambre et les régions voisines du nord de Madagascar: Etude volcanologique et pétrologique. Univ. de Besançon, Inst. des Sciences Naturelles. Ser.3, Géologie, 19 (1), 1-173.
Henri Besaire (1971) Feuille 1. Diego-Suarez. 1:500000. Carte géologigues Madagascar 1/500.000, Service Geologique de Madagascar.
Karche, J.-P. (1971) Étude pétrographique et chimique de la série volcanique de l'Anorontany et des Iles Mitsio (Nord de Madagascar) Comptes Rendus de la Semaine Géologique 1970. Comité National Malgache de Géologie p.39-45.
Henri Besaire (1971) Feuille 1. Diego-Suarez. 1:500000. Carte géologigues Madagascar 1/500.000, Service Geologique de Madagascar.
Karche, J.-P. (1971) Étude pétrographique et chimique de la série volcanique de l'Anorontany et des Iles Mitsio (Nord de Madagascar) Comptes Rendus de la Semaine Géologique 1970. Comité National Malgache de Géologie p.39-45.
  • Sava
    • Andapa District
Besaire, Henri (1971) Feuille 2. Antalaha. 1:500000. Carte géologigues Madagascar 1/500.000, Service Geologique de Madagascar.
Lenoble, A. 1937. Notice explicative sur la Feuille Andapa VW.36-37 (372). Carte Geologique de Reconnaissance a l'echelle du 200000. Gouvernment General de Madagascar et Dependances, Tananarive.
    • Antalaha District
      • Antalaha Commune
(n.d.) Automatically generated from locality name. mindat.org.
    • Sambava District
      • Ambohimalaza Commune
        • Ambariomiambana
(n.d.) Automatically generated from locality name. mindat.org.
(n.d.) Automatically generated from locality name. mindat.org.
    • Vohémar District
      • Bobakindro Commune
Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa. The Geological Society of London.
Besaire, Henri (1971) Feuille 2. Antalaha. 1:500000. Carte géologigues Madagascar 1/500.000, Service Geologique de Madagascar.
      • Fanambana Commune
        • Amboanio
(n.d.) Automatically generated from locality name. mindat.org.
  • Vakinankaratra
    • Ambatolampy District
      • Tsiafajavona Ankaratra
Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624.
    • Antanifotsy District
      • Antsampandrano
Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624.
    • Antsirabe II District
      • Ambohitsimanova
Pardieu, V. (2020) Ruby Deposits: A Review and Geological Classification. Minerals 10, 597.
Giuliani, G.
Groat, L.A.
Fallick, A.E.
Pignatelli, I.
    • Betafo District
      • Andrembesoa
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Besaire, Henri (1972) Mise au point sur le volcanisme de l'Ankaizina (Madagascar) Comptes rendus de la Semaine géologique 1971. Madagascar, Comité National de Géologie p.35-38.
Besaire, Henri (1971) Feuille 2. Antalaha. 1:500000. Carte géologigues Madagascar 1/500.000, Service Geologique de Madagascar.
Jourde, G. (1963) Le Haut-Sambirano et les massifs du Tsaratanana et de l'Amborona a Madagascar. Annales géologiques du Service des mines, 33. 89-95
      • Tritriva
Bourdariat, A. & Johnston-Lavis (1908) Note sur le remarquable volcan de Tritriva aiu centre de l'ile de Madagascar. Bulletin de la Société belge de géologie, de paléontologie et d'hydrologie. 22: 103- 115 + Planche II, III, IV.
South Africa
 
  • Mpumalanga
(n.d.) Automatically generated from locality name. mindat.org.
    • Gert Sibande District Municipality
      • Chief Albert Luthuli Local Municipality
        • Waterval
          • Uitkomst Complex
Gauert, Christoph, and Armin Zeh. (2022) "Downdip Development of the Ni-Cu-PGE-Bearing Mafic to Ultramafic Uitkomst Complex, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa" Minerals 12, no. 1: 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12010022
    • Nkangala District Municipality
      • Victor Khanye Local Municipality
        • Delmas
De Jager, F. S. J. (1966). A post-mineralization strike-fault along a limb of a multiple cymoid structure in a Transvaal lead-silver mine. South African Journal of Geology, 69(1), 119-126.
 
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