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Vargas Pena clay pit, Ypacaraí, Central Department, Paraguay

Lat/Long (Decimal)-25.3833,-57.2667
Co-ordinates Derivationbased on nearby landmark
Mindat.org Region (for given coordinates)Ypacaraí, Central Department, Paraguay

Collections

CollectionReferenceStratigraphic NameCommentsLithologyAge
Vargas Pena clay pit, Vargas Pena Shale, ParaguayBabcock L. E., Gray J., et al (1990)Vargas Pena ShaleAge of the formation has been disputed but new biostrat info from organic walled microfossils gives age of early Silurian (Llandoverian)."shale"443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Vargas Pena ShaleHarrington H. J. (1972)Vargas Pena ShaleHarrington provisionally places this formation as Llandovery. Grahn and Gutierrez (2001, PBDB ref. 7139), on the basis of chitinizoan zonation, conclude that it spans Rhuddanian to Telychian ages.claystone443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
CENPES 640-1Benedetto J. L., Halpern K., et al (2013)Itacurubi - Ayala SandstoneAyala Sst thought to be about same age as Vargas Pena Shale, which is thought to be latest middle Llandovery, Monograptus convolutus Zone. Harrington (1972) had interpreted the VP Shale as early Llandovery.

Redated as Hirnantian by Benedetto et al.
sandstone445.2 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
CENPES 648-1Benedetto J. L., Halpern K., et al (2013)Itacurubi - Eusebio AyalaAyala Sst thought to be about same age as Vargas Pena Shale, which is thought to be latest middle Llandovery, Monograptus convolutus Zone. Harrington (1972) had interpreted the VP Shale as early Llandovery.

Benedetto et al. (2013) redate this as Hirnantian.
sandstone445.2 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic

Recorded Fossils

Accepted NameHierarchyAge
Hyolithes sp.
genus
Animalia : Hyolitha : Hyolithida : Hyolithidae : Hyolithes443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Tentaculites sp.
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Tentaculitidae : Tentaculites443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Arthropoda
phylum
Animalia : Arthropoda443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Calymene sp.
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Calymenidae : Calymene443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Dalmanites sp.
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Dalmanitidae : Dalmanites443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Homalonotidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Homalonotidae445.2 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Eophacops sp.
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Pterygometopidae : Eophacops443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Brachiopoda
phylum
Animalia : Brachiopoda443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Lingula sp.
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Lingulata : Lingulida : Lingulidae : Lingula443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Arenorthis paranaensis
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Heterorthidae : Arenorthis : Arenorthis paranaensis445.2 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Anabaia sp.
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Leptocoeliidae : Anabaia443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Eocoelia sp.
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Leptocoeliidae : Eocoelia443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Plectothyrella itacurubiensis
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Trigonorhynchiidae : Plectothyrella : Plectothyrella itacurubiensis445.2 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Strophomenida
order
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida445.2 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Eostropheodonta conradii
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Leptostrophiidae : Eostropheodonta : Eostropheodonta conradii443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Conularia sp.
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Staurozoa : Stauromedusae : Conulariidae : Conularia443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Crinoidea
class
Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Climacograptus sp.
genus
Animalia : Hemichordata : Pterobranchia : Diplograptidae : Climacograptus443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Diplograptus sp.
genus
Animalia : Hemichordata : Pterobranchia : Diplograptidae : Diplograptus443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Paraclimacograptus innotatus
species
Animalia : Hemichordata : Graptolithina : Paraclimacograptus : Paraclimacograptus innotatus443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Bivalvia
class
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Anodontopsis sp.
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Allodesmatidae : Anodontopsis443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Nuculites sp.
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Malletiidae : Nuculites443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Palaeoneilo sp.
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Malletiidae : Palaeoneilo443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Nucula sp.
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nucula443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Ctenodonta sp.
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solemyida : Ctenodontidae : Ctenodonta443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Orthoceratidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Orthoceratidae443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Gastropoda
class
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Bellerophontidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bellerophontidae443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Murchisonioidea
superfamily
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Murchisoniina : Murchisonioidea443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Eotomaria sp.
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Eotomariidae : Eotomaria443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Ulrichospira sp.
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Phanerotrematidae : Ulrichospira443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Hyperammina sp.
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Monothalamea : Astrorhizida : Hyperamminidae : Hyperammina443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Thurammina sp.
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Monothalamea : Astrorhizida : Saccamminidae : Thurammina443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian

References

Harrington H. J. (1972) Silurian of Paraguay, Geological Society of America Special Paper 133, 41-50
Babcock L. E., Gray J., et al (1990) First Silurian conulariids from Paraguay, Journal of Paleontology 64 6, 897-902
Boucot A. J., Melo J. H. G., et al (1991) First Clarkeia and Heterorthella (Brachiopoda; Lower Silurian) occurrence from the Parana Basin in eastern Paraguay, Journal of Paleontology 65 3, 512-514
Hendy A. J. W. (2008) Personal opinions and reidentification of pre-Cenozoic Mollusca
Benedetto J. L., Halpern K., et al (2013) High-latitude Hirnantian (latest Ordovician) brachiopods from the Eusebio Ayala Formation of Paraguay, Paraná Basin, Palaeontology 56 1, 61-78 doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2012.01158.x
Wagner P. J. (2017) Paleozoic Gastropod, Rostroconch, Helcionelloid and Tergomyan Database
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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